Objective To observe the curative effects of two traditional Chinese medicine compounds in guinea pigs models of vitiligo .Methods The dark skin of guinea pigs ,which were intragastrically administrated with vitiligo granules No .1 (No .1 group) ,vitiligo granules No .2(No .2 group) and pure water(control group) respectively ,were selected to establish vitiligo modles induced by p‐dihydroxy‐benzene(hydroquinone) .Taking physiological saline as a control(model group) .Curative effects were ob‐served by visual inspection ,and the effects of repigmentation after intragastric administration were scored .The melanocyte count of normal part of skin was compared with that of vitiligo skin by using hematoxylin‐eosin(HE) staining ,ferrous sulfate staining and Deoxy‐dyeing .Results The guinea pigs models of vitiligo were successfully induced by hydroquinone .After treatment by using vit‐iligo granules No .1 and No .2 ,the melanocyte counts of vitiligo skin in No .1 group and No .2 group were increased when compared with that in the control group(P<0 .05) ,while no significant differences were observed between the vitiligo skin and the normal part of skin in the guinea pigs models of vitiligo(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The two Chinese medicine compounds ,vitiligo granules No .1 and vitiligo granules No .2 ,both are effective for the treatment of vitiligo and without obvious effects on normal parts of skin , which could provide experimental data for clinical treatment .

BACKGROUND: The repairing effect of distraction osteogenesis surgery in patients with craniofacial deformity secondary to cleft lip and palate remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To evaluating the repairing effect of distraction osteogenesis surgery in patients with craniofacial deformity secondary to cleft lip and palate.METHODS: Databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, Medline(ovid), science direct, ISI, as well as hand working were retrieved for the literatures about the curative effect of distraction osteogenesis on clef lip and palate patents with secondary craniofacial deformity which have been published. Clinical research about distraction osteogenesis used in clef lip and palate patents with secondary craniofacial deformity must have the same assignment style of investigation method and measurement indicators that include objective, design and detailed statistical method of the research. All of the findings can provide elementary data for weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval (95%C/) or odd ratio and 95% C/. There are at least three patients included in the research and controlled by changes after operation. Meta-analysis was used to make a comprehensive quantitative analYSiS of ANB, the labial teeth overjet, SNA and nasolabial angle which are the soft or hard tissue measured by X-ray cephalometry for the forward-backward and perpendicular direction of the maxillafacial region. According to homogeneity tests, researches about ANB and overjet of the labial teeth adopted random effect model while SNA and nasolabial angle adopted fixed effect model. So total pooling weighted mean difference and its corresponding 95%CI for the models were calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 9 references and 123 patients were involved. Homogeneity test showed that, researches about ANB and overjet of the labial teeth are heterogeneous while SNA and nasolabial angle are homoeonomous. Conusarteriosus maps showed no publication bias was observed in all the literature that used in this article. Meta-analysis results showed that, the total pooled weighted mean difference of ANB, overjet of the labial teeth, SNA and nasolabial angle were below zero, all showed significant statistical difference. Meta-analysis can prove the .curative effect of extraoral support-type distraction on the craniofacial deformity secondary to cleft lip and palate. To some extent, this reseamh will provide guidance for choosing therapeutic regimen by the clinicians. After rigid external distraction by Le Fort Ⅰ ostetomy, most of the patients show great changes such as the increased SNA and ANB angle, the flatter of the upper lip curvature followed by the increased nosolabial angle, cured reverse overjet and returned normal occlusion relations.

AIM: To study the clinical characteristics of corneal perforation ( CP) .
METHODS:A retrospective analysis in July 1995 to July 2010 the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University diagnosed CP 72 patients ( 72 eyes ) , clinical characteristics of all the patients were analyzed.
RESULTS: The incidence of corneal ulcer perforation rised year by year, the morbidity of male and female was 17:7, the onset age focused on 48 years old. Of 23 industrial workers ( 32%) with clear history of trauma, pathogeny identification results:top two:fungal infection and Acanthamoeba keratitis. A using history of glucocorticoid was found in 10 cases.
CONCLUSION:There are plenty of primary causes of CP such as traumas, fungal infection, Acanthamoeba keratitis, eroded keratitis, etc. CP happens in middle-aged males in Fujian province, most traumas are the causes, the main pathogenic bacteria is fungal infection.

Hand Deformities ; pathology ; Humans ; Klippel-Feil Syndrome ; pathology ; Thumb

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of sevoflurane postconditioning (Sevo-Postcon)on the hearts isolated from rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) of different duration against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)injury.MethodsSeventy-two pathogen-free male SD rats weighing 200-240 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =24 each):group Ⅰ rats without DM (C) ; group Ⅱ rats with 2 week DM (2w DM) and group Ⅲ rats with 6 week DM (6w DM).DM was produced by intraperitoneal (IP) 1％ streptozocin (STZ) 60 mg/kg and confirmed by fasting blood glucose concentration ＞ 16.7 mmol/L in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ.Hearts were isolated from rats and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer (KHB) in a Langendorff apparatus.After a 15 min stabilization period,the isolated hearts were subjected to 30 min of global no-flow ischemia followed by 75 min of reperfusion.Twelve hearts in each group were perfused after ischemia with KHB saturated with 3％ Sevo for 15 min followed by perfusion with regular KHB for 60 min.LVEDP,LVDP, ± dp/dt and HR were measured and recorded after 15 min stabilization (T0,baseline) and at 15 and 75 min of reperfusion (T1,2 ).Myocardial specimens were obtained at 15 min of reperfusion (T1) for detection of p-Akt expression (by Western blot analysis).Infarct size was determined at 75 min of reperfusion (T2).ResultsSevo-Postcon significantly improved cardiac function,reduced infarct size and up-regulated p-Akt expression in groups Ⅰ (C) and Ⅱ (2w DM),while in group Ⅲ (6w DM) Sevo-Postcon did not cause any change in cardiac function,infarct size and p-Akt expression as compared with the isolated hearts without Sevo-Postcon.ConclusionThe cardioprotective effect of Sevo-Postcon can be attenuated with increasing duration of DM by impairing PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9) gene deficiency associated invasive candidiasis, and report a novel mutation in CARD9 gene.Methods:The clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, treatment and the outcome of follow-up in a boy with invasive candidiasis were described. The boy′s main clinical manifestations were central nervous system infection and retroperitoneal mass. Whole-exome sequencing was performed and Sanger sequencing was verified to identify the CARD9 gene mutations in the patient and his parents. A literature search for “CARD9”and “invasive candidiasis”was conducted in PubMed, Wanfang and CNKI databases from their establishment to May 2020.Results:A 10-year-old boy suffered onset symptom of chronic diarrhea, which lasted for two months. The symptom was followed by progressive neurological symptoms such as headache, vomiting, seizures and disorder of consciousness. His unusual medical history was absent. Candida albicans were cultured several times in cerebrospinal fluid and blood, and yeast-like fungi were found in the stool high power field of vision. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging indicated obstructive hydrocephalus and abdominal CT scan showed retroperitoneal mass and thickening of the intestinal wall. The whole-exome sequencing analyses of blood samples from the boy and his parents were performed. The results showed that there was a homozygous mutation of c.952-12_956delinsAG in the CARD9 gene, which was an unreported pathogenic mutation. This was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. There was no significant relief from intravenous combined antifungal medications. After lateral ventricular drainage surgery and injection of amphotericin B into the lateral ventricle, improvement of clinical symptoms and cerebral spinal fluid abnormalities was observed after nine weeks, and the retroperitoneal mass shrank. At follow-up after four-month oral combined antifungal medications, the child had no complaint except fatigue. However, cerebral spinal fluid analysis showed increased protein level and decreased glucose. Persistent hydrocephalus and periventricular white matter abnormal signals were revealed on the brain magnetic resonance imaging and the smaller retroperitoneal mass than before on the abdominal CT scan. In addition to this case, totally 21 cases with CARD9 gene deficiency associated invasive candidiasis have been reported worldwide, most of which featured central nervous system infections.Conclusions:CARD9 gene deficiency is an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency that confers human susceptibility to fungal disease. The associated invasive candidiasis often affects the central nervous system and makes the patient severely ill. Adequate systemic antifungal therapies should be given, and patients with hydrocephalus need surgical treatment. A novel mutation is reported that expands the variant diversity of CARD9 gene. For patients with unexplained invasive candidiasis, including those without a history of previous recurrent infection, genetic testing is recommended for primary immunodeficiency including CARD9 gene deficiency.

We have evaluated the plague epidemic situation in the Three Rivers Source Region,Qinghai Province in recent 20 years to provide the basis for revising the plague prevention countermeasures.We have analyzed the time distribution and the plague epidemic situation between animals and human beings during twenty years in the Three Rivers Source Region,Qinghai Province by describing epidemiology.The animal plague in the natural source of Marmot plague was extremely serious in the Three Rivers Source Region during the past 20 years.It mainly distributes in Yushu State and Tanggula County,Germu City and the serious season ran through the whole period of marmot camp ground activities and the peak was between June and August.Human plague epidemic took place between May and October each year and reached its peak between July and September.The peak covered about 41.67％ at most.It mainly endemic distributes in Nangqian and Xinghai Country.During the past 20 years,we have totally found 14 human plague epidemics in the Three Rivers Source Region,among which 48 cases took place and there were deaths of 17 cases.The fatality rate was 35.42％.The lung type was the majority among 48 cases,which startde with the glandular type.During the past 20 years the plague epidemic has been active and the animal plague epidemic broke out continuously in the Three Rivers Source Region,Qinghai Province.The variety of animals and insects infected the plague epidemic was increasing.The human plague epidemics is most serious with high fatality rate,but it is on the decline as a whole.

Background Wearing contaclenincreasethe risk of infection of the cornea.Some studieshowed the gas-permeability of materialused foconstructing corneal contaclenione of the contributing factorrelated to corneal health.Objective Thistudy wato observe the in vitro adherence ability of differenbacterito rigid gas-permeable contaclense(RGP-CL) made with varioumaterials.MethodContaclensemade with hexafocon,enflufocon opolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) were placed into Staphylococcuaureus,Staphylococcuepidermidis,oPseudomonaaeruginosbacterial suspension(0.5 MCF) fo24 hours.The strength of bacterial adherence watested and studied by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetrimethod based on absorbance (value),and the vortex method waused to calculate the colony forming units.The bactericlump formation waexamined with scanning electron microscope (SEM).ResultMTcolorimetrimethod showed thathe adherence ability of Staphylococcuaureuto hexafocon (value) wasignificantly lowethan thato enflufocon and PMMA,respectively (q=7.379,8.207,P＜0.01),buno significandifference wafound in the adherence ability of Staphylococcuaureubetween enflufocon and PMM(q =0.828,P＞0.05).The adherence ability of Staphylococcuepidermidito XO and enflufocon walowethan thato PMM(q =14.000,12.800,P＜0.01),buno significandifference wafound between the adherence of Staphylococcuepidermidito hexafocon and enflufocon material (q =1.200,P＞0.05).There wano significandifference in the adherence ability of Pseudomonaaeruginosto all three material(F=2.155,P=0.138).The vortex method presented the colony forming unitof Staphylococcuaureuto hexafocon,enflufocon and PMMwith (37.9± 1.5)×106,(49.9±2.2)×106 and (67.4± 1.6)×106,respectively,with significandifference among them (F =206.240,P＜0.01),showing the lowesvalue in hexafocon,the highesvalue in PMMand middle value in enflufocon (q=11.650,28.640,16.990,P＜0.01),Moreover,colony forming uniof Staphylococcuepidermidito hexafocon,enflufocon and PMMwa(7.9 ± 1.3) × 106,(10.5 ± 1.5) × 106,(11.2 ±1.2) × 106,respectively.And thaof hexafocon walowethan one of the PMMmaterial (q =5.060,P＜0.05).No significandifference wafound between hexafocon and enflufocon nobetween hexafocon and PMM(q =3.290,1.770,P＞0.05).In addition,the resultthacorresponded to the vortex method were seen in the MTcolorimetriassay (F =0.232,P =0.799).SEM examination showed dispersed population of Staphylococcuaureuand Staphylococcuepidermidion the surfaceof hexafocon and enflufocon;while much more Staphylococcuaureuand Staphylococcuepidermidiadhered on the surface of PMMA,forming net-like appearance.Conversely,high numbeof Pseudomonaaeruginoswaseen on the surface of all three materials,withounoticeable differencein the bacterial shape and quantity on each of the material.ConclusionThe adherence ability of bacterito PMMistrongethan thaof hexafocon and enflufocon,and gas-permeable material of RGP-CL doenoimpacthe adherence ability of bacteria.

Objective To explore the role of Treg/Th17 cell ratio imbalance in the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients with different Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation classifications: bleeding due to blood-heat, Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity and Qi deficiency-caused bleeding. Methods A total of 92 patients were divided into the bleeding due to blood-heat group (n=30), Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity group (n=31) and Qi deficiency-caused bleeding group (n=31) according to the TCM syndrome differentiation classification. The peripheral blood samples were obtained from the patients and 30 volunteers served as healthy controls. The percentages of Treg cells and Th17 cells in the blood samples were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the mRNA levels of Foxp3 and ROR-γt were analyzed by RT-PCR. Results The percentages of Treg cells in the peripheral blood of 3 different TCM syndrome ITP groups were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05), that of the bleeding due to blood-heat group was significantly lower than that of Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity group and Qi deficiency-caused bleeding group (P<0.05), and that of Qi deficiency-caused bleeding group was signficantly lower than that of Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity group (P<0.05). The percentages of Th17 cells in peripheral blood of 3 different TCM syndrome ITP groups were significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05), and that of Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity group was signficanlty higher than that of Qi deficiency-caused bleeding group (P<0.05). The ratios of Treg/Th17 of the 3 different TCM syndrome ITP groups were significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05), that of the bleeding due to blood-heat group was significantly lower than that of Qi deficiency-caused bleeding group and Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity group (P<0.05), and that of Qi deficiency-caused bleeding group was significantly lower than that of Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity group (P<0.05). The Foxp3 mRNA levels of 3 different TCM syndrome ITP groups were significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05), and there were significant differences between each two groups by the pairwise comparison (P<0.05). While ROR-γ mRNA levels of the 3 different TCM syndrome ITP groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The decreased Treg cells in patients with ITP contributes to the development and progression of ITP. The imbalance of Treg/Th17 ratio may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ITP. The distribution of the percentages of Treg cells, the ratio of Treg/Th17 and the mRNA level of Foxp3 in a increasing order is: bleeding due to blood-heat group < Qi deficiency-caused bleeding group < Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity group.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the root canal curvature in Chinese mandibular permanent incisors.

METHODSTwo hundred and ninety nine Chinese mandibular permanent incisors were included in this study. The root canals were inserted with stainless steel 15# K files, and then taken radiography from the facial and proximal view by X-ray paralleling technique. Canal curvatures were evaluated by measuring the angle, the radius of the curvatures, and the length of the curved part of the canal. Based on the curved angle and the shape of curved canals, the root canals were classified.

RESULTSThe curved angle, radius, and the curved canal length was 5.28 degrees +/- 5.52 degrees, 16.19 mm +/- 12.38 mm, 4.10 mm+/-2.01 mm, respectively in the facial view; 9.99 degrees +/- 5.84 degrees, 18.86 mm +/- 9.71 mm, 3.27 mm +/- 2.39 mm, respectively in the proximal view. The prevalence of straight, light, moderate, and serve curved root canals in mandibular permanent incisors was 15.7%, 66.9%, 16.7%, and 0.7%, respectively (P<0.05) based on the curved angle. The prevalence of straight, L shape, and S shape curved root canals was 7.7%, 50.5%, and 41.8%, respectively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMost of the root canals in mandibular permanent incisors are curve.