Objective To analyze the current situation of institutional care for people with disabilities in Shanghai, China. Methods Sec-ondary data were collected from the synthetical information platform of Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation, including data about the res-idential institutions and people with disabilities living in the institutions from 2004 to 2015. Results The number of residential institutions and people with disabilities showed an increasing tendency from 2004 to 2015. At the end of 2015, there was 368 residential institutions in Shanghai, providing institutional care for 5821 people with disabilities. People in the institutions were mainly with intelligence disability and mental disability, and mainly in 35 to 59 years old. Conclusion The institutional care for people with disabilities was generally in a good condition in Shanghai and met people's needs.

Objective To study the X-ray signs of forearm and leg in skeletal fluorosis and its diagnostic value,aim at finding the easy examination parts.Methods One thousand four hundred and forty subjects were examined using developed shield,darkroom and other portable dedicated device combined with a small X-ray machine.A total of 384 cases were diagnosed skeletal fluorosis.All patients were divided into different groups and the time,degree and range of X-ray to the forearm and calf elbow,knee,and long bone were compared.Results The X-ray change in the forearm elbow was earlier than that of the leg knee,and trabecular bone change was the earliest indicator,197 cases and 157 cases,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =28.006,P ＜ 0.01).Membrane ossification of forearm backbone was earlier than that of the leg,and most of them were degree Ⅰ photos,213 cases and 126 cases respectively.The difference was statistically significant (x2 =17.626,P ＜ 0.01).The direction of the interosseous membrane ossification was from the forearm radius to the ulna,then to the fibula and tibia,and was accompanied by changes in the aggravation of forearm.A variety of indicators were observed,especially the membrane ossification in bone and joint trabecular bone and the long bone was the most active,and the forearm was more sensitive,obviously than that of the calf.Conclusion In the X-ray screening or detection of endemic fluorosis,the forearm radiography is a simple,economical,and effective diagnostic method.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the Raman spectral characteristics of the pathological lip minor salivary glands affected in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

METHODSThirty pathological samples and 30 normal samples were collected in this study. The samples were examined by Raman microscope.Support vector machine(SVM) was employed to analyze the data and establish the classification model.

RESULTSThe spectra of pathological tissues was different from the controls in proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and glycogen skeleton. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the model established by SVM on the training sets were all 92.0% (92/100), but the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the model established by SVM on the testing sets were 69.2% (37/53), 100.0% (37/37) and 82.0% (73/89) respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThere was significant difference in Raman spectra between the pathological and normal lip salivary glands, and the classification model established by SVM could discriminate the pathological glands from the normal ones.

Female ; Glycogen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lip ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lipids ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleic Acids ; metabolism ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman ; methods

Objective To investigate the phenotypes and genotypes of a hereditary protein C(PC) deficiency pedigree.Methods Imrnunoassay(ELISA)was used for PC antigen and PS antigen; Immunoturbidimetry assay was used for measuring AT antigen;Chromogenic substrate assay was used for measuring the activity of PC,PS and AT in Sysmex 1500 automatic Blood Coagulation Analyzer.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)for amplification of the fragment of each exon and side sequences of PC gene in 10 members of the 3 generations;Direct DNA sequencing was used to examine the mutation site.Results Among 10 members of the 3 generation pedigree,8 of them had a PC:Ag level of 1.06-1.92 mg/L(normal references 3.00-6.00 rag/L),the activity of PC was between 41% and 67%(normal references 70%- 140%),which was significantly lower than the normal references while the levels of PS:Ag,PS:A,AT:Ag and AT:A were all within normal range.DNA sequencing analysis showed that there was a G to T mutation in exon IX of the PC gene at 12 918 position in 8 members.This mutation resulted in the substitution of terminator TGA for TGG which encoding tryptophan at 372 amino acid.There was a polymorphism in 2 405C/ T,2 418A/G,2 583A/T in the promotor area.Conclusions This pedigree is a type I hereditary protein C deficiency.There is a G12 918T mutation in exon IX of PC gene.This mutation is reported for the first time and there is a polymorphism in 2 405C/T,2 418A/G,2 583A/T in the promotor area.

BACKGROUND:Oral treponemes (especially Treponema denticola) are widely considered to play important roles in the occurrence and development of chronic peridontitis.Treponema denticola can be detected in both periodontal patients and healthy individuals,so its pathogenicity may depend on its relative numbers in subgingival plaque.OBJECTIVE:To detect the number of Treponema denticola in subgingival plaque of patients with different severities of chronic periodontitis and to investigate the relationship between the bacterial colonization and the periodontal status.METHODS:Subgingival plaque samples were respectively taken from 132 patients with chronic periodontitis and 40 healthy controls,admitted in the Department of Stomatology,Aviation General Hospital of Chinese Medical University from July 2015 to August 2016.Based on the clinical data,132 patients were divided into mild (n=41),moderate (n=46),and severe (n=45) groups.The presence,relative numbers and proportion of Treponema denticola in the samples were detected by TaqMan real-time PCR assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no difference in the presence of Treponema dentico/a in subgingival plaque between healthy and periodontal participants.The relative numbers and proportion of Treponema denticola in the periodontal patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls (P ＜ 0.000 1).The quantification of Treponema denticola in different stages of periodontitis did show significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).In addition,the bacterial level and proportion of Treponema denticola were positively correlated to the probing depths (P ＜ 0.000 1).When the probing depth was more than 7 mm,the bacterial level and proportion of Treponema denticola were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).These findings suggest that Treponema denticola widely exists in subgingival plaque of human.The bacterial load and proportion of Treponema denticola are tightly related to the severity of periodontitis and probing depth.The higher bacterial level and proportion of Treponema denticola indicate a severer periodontitis.Moreover,real-time PCR possesses a broad potential in the studies on etiology,diagnosis and treatment of pedodontology.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between occupational hazard susceptibility of formaldehyde and genetic polymorphisms of ALDH2 and CYP2E1.

METHODSGenotypes of ALDH2 and CYP2E1 (Rsa I/Pst I site) of 107 subjects exposed to formaldehyde were determined with PCR-RFLP through testing peripheral blood lymphocytes, and the concentration of air formaldehyde in workplace and urine formic acid of the subjects were measured with HPLC. The relationship between genotypes and the urine formic acid increment was analyzed with nonparametric rank sum testing.

RESULTSThe concentration of urine formic acid increment was related with ALDH2 genotypes (chi2 = 9.241, P < 0.05), and the means of urinary formic acid of subjects with GG, GA, AA genotype were (15.84 +/- 6.86), (12.06 +/- 7.94) and (7.31 +/- 5.37) mg/g creatinine, respectively. Mann-Whitney U test showed the formic acid increment between allele G homozygotes and allele A homozygotes was significantly different (U=26, P= 0.033). Our data indicated that the formaldehyde metabolism of ALDH2 GG homozygotic genotype was more active than ALDH2 AA homozygotic genotype(the difference of the two mean rank was 13.30). But the polymorphism of Rsa I / Pst I site of CYP2E1 5'-franking region was not correlated with the concentration of urine formic acid (chi2 = 4.285, P=0.117), and the urinary formic acid means of subjects with C1/C1, C1/C2, C2/C2 genotype were (11.14 +/- 7.91), (12.13 +/- 8.16) and (16.51 -/+ 3.78) mg/g creatinine, respectively. By Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis, it showed that the urinary formic acid increment might be influenced by FA exposure concentration and ALDH2 genotype, and the model's R2 was 0.196.

CONCLUSIONThe metabolism of formaldehyde in human body was related with the genotypes of ALDH2, but not with the CYP2E1 (Rsa I/Pst I) polymorphisms.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial ; Alleles ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; genetics ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Formaldehyde ; metabolism ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Huangqi injection on the short-term prognosis in childhood with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 105 children newly diagnosed with ALL between January 2009 and December 2012. These children were randomly divided into treatment group (18 low-risk cases, 7 medium-risk cases, and 24 high-risk cases) and control group (21 low-risk cases, 7 medium-risk cases, 28 high-risk cases). Both groups were given remission induction therapy based on the levels of risk. Throughout the remission induction therapy, the treatment group also received Huangqi injection (0.5-1.0 mL/kg per day) by intravenous infusion, while the control group was given 0.9% sodium chloride injection instead. The two groups were compared in terms of distribution of prognostic factors and complete remission (CR) rate after remission induction therapy, as well as the incidence of minimal residual disease (MDR) (≥ 10(-4) and < 10(-4)) among all patients in the two groups on day 19 of remission induction therapy and among B-ALL patients in the two groups when achieving a CR at the end of remission induction therapy.

RESULTSOf the 105 children with ALL, 99 had B-ALL, and 6 had T-ALL. There were no significant differences in the distribution of prognostic factors between the two groups (P>0.05). The overall CR rate of 105 patients was 79%; there was no significant difference in CR rate between the treatment and control groups (82% vs 77%; P>0.05); also, no significant differences were found between the two groups in the CR rates among high-, medium-, and low-risk cases (P>0.05). On day 19 of remission induction therapy, the incidence of MRD≥10(-4) in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (69% vs 95%; P<0.05); among 80 children with B-ALL who achieved a CR (43 cases in the control group and 37 cases in the treatment group), the incidence of MRD≥10-4 was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (27% vs 58%; P<0.05); in both circumstances above, the high- and low-risk cases in the treatment group had a significantly lower incidence of MRD≥10(-4) than the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSHuangqi injection combined with chemotherapy has an enhanced anti-tumor effect and can improve the short-term prognosis and clinical outcome in children with ALL.

Astragalus Plant ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Injections ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; epidemiology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Prognosis

Objective To study the incidence of stroke among elderly people in China's longevity area and its association with diseases such as hypertension,diabetes and heart disease.The differences in the following common hematological indicators in subjects with stroke and non-hypertension,diabetes,heart disease and stroke were studied:superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hsCRP),albumin (propagated) glucose (GLU),cholesterol (CHO),triglyceride (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC),glycosylated serum protein (GSP) urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine (CREA) and uric acid (UA).Methods Residents who participated in the project of biomedical research of aging population conducted in 2014 were selected from 8 longevity Areas in China.2 315 people aged 40 and over attended the study,including 22 aged 40 and over,238 aged 60 and over,490 aged 70 and over,629 aged 80 and over,518 aged 90 and over,418 aged 100 and over.Using the self-designed questionnaire to collect information about the characteristics of social demographics,the clinical doctors used the unified inspection tool to examine the subjects.The fasting blood samples were collected by vacuum tube at early morning.The contents of plasma SOD,MDA,hsCRP,ALB,GLU,CHO,TG,HDLC,GSP,BUN,CREA and UA were detected and compared among these elderly who were classified into different genders and different age groups and different healthy groups.Results The prevalence of high blood pressure,diabetes,heart disease and stroke increased with age,reaching a peak and then slowly decreasing.The age of peak was 90 ～ 99,60 ～ 69,70～ 79 and 80～ 89.The prevalence of hypertension was 71.62 ％ and 60.54 ％ respectively for stroke subjects and non-cerebral apoplexy subjects,and the difference was statistically significant.The prevalence of diabetes was 18.92％ and 11.35％ respectively,and the difference was statistically significant.The prevalence of heart disease was 20.98％ and 5.26％,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant.The rates of non-hypertension,non diabetic and non-heart disease were 4.73％ and 33.41％ respectively,and the difference was statistically significant.In the groups of Stroke subjects and Non-high blood pressure,nomdiabetic,non-heart disease subjects the following indicators were Compared,values of SOD were 55.76±8.27 and 57.16±8.00 U/ml respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t=0.341,P=0.053),values of MDA were 5.81 ± 3.82 and 5.67± 3.16 μmol/L respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t=0.329,P =0.661),values of hsCRP were 4.15 ± 12.33 and 2.94 ± 6.25 mg/L,respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t=0.026,P=0.080),values of ALB were 41.60±4.51 and 42.08±3.94 g/L respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t=0.032,P=0.194),values of ALB were 41.60 ± 4.51 and 42.08± 3.94 g/L respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t =0.032,P=0.194),values of ALB were 41.60 ± 4.51 and 42.08 ± 3.94 g/L respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t =0.032,P=0.194),values of GLU were 5.89 ± 2.67 and 4.90 ± 0.90 mmol/L respectively,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (t=0.000,P=0.000)),values of CHO were 4.81 ± 1.00 and 4.71±1.02 mmol/L respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t =0.670,P=0.318),values of TG were1.33±0.69 and 1.14±0.57 mmol/L respectively,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (t=0.012,P=0.000),values of HDLC were 1.29±0.35 and 1.41±0.40 mmol/L respectively,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (t=0.004,P=0.001),values of GSP were 259.10±60.90 and 246.75±24.52 μmol/L respectively,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (t =0.000,P =0.000),values of BUN were 6.84±± 3.53 and 6.62 ± 2.20 mmol/L respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t=0.110,P=0.338),values of CREA were 84.92 ± 33.00 and 80.14 ± 24.64 μmol/L respectively,the difference between groups showed statistically significant (t=0.013,P=0.044),values of UA were 296.73±91.34 and 288.12±80.47 μmol/L respectively,the difference between groups were not statistically significant (t=0.123,P=0.247).Conclusion Diabetes,hypertension,and heart disease are risk factors for stroke.Abnormal blood glucose and lipid metabolism:the increase of GLU,TG and the decrease of HDLC are important common biochemical index of stroke.Patients with cerebral apoplexy have certain renal impairment.

AlM: To measure the retinal electrical activities in patients with diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) by applying multifocal electroretinogram ( mf-ERG) and evaluate the degree of visual damage at different stages of DR
METHODS:Thirty cases ( 30 eyes ) aged 50 ~70 years old, excluding other diseases, were as normal group, and 99 cases ( 99 eyes ) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were as experiment group. The cases received mf-ERG examination in the standard state, respectively. The results were statistically analyzed
RESULTS: For DR patients with early and background stage, the reaction density of mf - ERG P1 wave decreased as the disease worsened, significantly reduced in non - proliferating stage and decreased more significantly in the background of the stage Ⅲ. This showed that in the macula, electrical activity had weakened before the retina without visual or morphological changes, and with the development of the disease, the electrical activity decreased more obviously.
CONCLUSlON:mf-ERG can evaluate the severity of DR, especially suit in the early and background period of DR.

Cell cycle progression is tightly regulated in hematopoietic stem cells. The cycle state decides cells' fates, which includes self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. Proper cell cycle regulation is a pivotal element for the maintenance of hematopoiesis homeostasis. HTm4 is a newly identified specific cell cycle regulator of the hematopoietic cell. Through interacting with KAP-CDK2 complex, it arrests cells in G(0)/G(1) phase. K562 is a human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell; it could be induced to megakaryoblast by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Such differentiation must be associated with cell cycle change. To further clarify HTm4's function in hematopoietic cell cycle regulation, K562 cells were treated with PMA. Cell cycle change was analysed using flow cytometric system. And during the induction process gene expression of HTm4 as well as CycleE and CDK2, which are responsible for G(1) to S transition, were analysed using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The C-terminal domain of HTm4 protein has been shown to be important for HTm4's binding with KAP-CDK2 complex. To determine its impact on HTm4's function, HTm4 and C-terminal truncated HTm4 (HTm4-ct) were transfected into K562 cells using Tet-Off regulation expression system. Their influence on cell cycle was observed. The results showed that PMA induced both expansion and differentiation of K562 cells as measured by cell number count and NBT staining respectively. During PMA treatment, G(0)/G(1) cell proportion and HTm4 expression displayed coordinated change, which suggested that HTm4 might drive K562 cells out of cell cycle but was not involved in the quiescence maintenance. Additionally, transfection of HTm4 caused G(0)/G(1) arrest in K562 cells, while transfection of HTm4-ct did not. It is therefore suggested that the C-terminal domain is important for the function of HTm4 in cell cycle regulation.
Cell Cycle ; physiology ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hematopoiesis ; physiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate ; pharmacology ; Transfection