Objective: To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) in the diagnosis of vertebral stenosis. Methods: A total of 108 patients (216 vertebral arteries) with clinical ischemic symptoms were examined by CE-MRA, then they were examined with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) within one week after CE-MRA examination. Using DSA as a standard, the accuracy of CE-MRA in the diagnosis of vertebral arteries was evaluated. Results: Circled digit oneOf the 216 vertebral arteries, 188 (87.0%) were consistent with the results of CE-MRA and DSA. The stenosis degree of 24 arteries (11.1%) determined by CE-MRA was higher than those determined by DSA. The stenosis degree of 4 arteries (1.9%) determined by CE-MRA was lower than those determined by DSA. Spearman rank correlation coefficient of the 2 kinds of examination was rs = 0.785 (P <0.001). Circled digit twoIn 168 normal vertebral arteries examined by CE-MRA, 2 were mild stenosis (stenosis rate ≤49%) and 2 were moderate to severe stenosis (stenosis rate 50-99%) examined by DSA. Of the 8 arteries with mild stenosis diagnosed by CE-MRA, DSA confirmed that 6 arteries were normal; of the 30 arteries with moderate to severe Stenosis diagnosed by CE-MRA, DSA confirmed that 10 were mild stenosis and 8 were normal. CE-MRA examination showed that the 10 occluded arteries were all confirmed by DSA. Circled digit threeUsing DSA as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, false positive rate, false negative rate, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic consistent of CE-MRA rate were 89.5% (34/38), 92.1% (164/178), 7.9% (14/178), 10.5% (4/38), 70.8% (34/48), 97.6% (164/168), and 91.7% (198/216) , respectively. The Youden index was Y = 0.816. Conclusion: CE-MRA has high sensitivity in the diagnosis of vertebral artery ostial stenosis, it can be used as a screening means for detection. However, if we want to accurately evaluate the stenotic degree of vertebral artery, a variety of examination methods are needed.

Objective: To compare the effects of electret and chemical enhancers in enhancing the transdermal delivery of meloxicam. Methods: The study was divided into 4 groups, including meloxicam patch group (control), chemical enhancer + meloxicam patch group, electret meloxicam patch, and electret + chemical enhancer + meloxicam patch group. The in vitro skin permeation of meloxicam from patches was examined by using a modified Franz diffusion cell. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry (362 nm) was used to analyze the drug concentration in the receptor. The 10 h-cumulated permeation amount of meloxicam from patchs was calculated in 3 experimental groups and were compared with that the control group. The enhancing abilities of electret and chemical enhancers were compared and the synergistic effect of them was assessed. Results: (1) 1%, 3% and 5% azones showed 1.20, 1.33, and 1.26 fold-increases in the 10 h-cumulated permeation of meloxiam respectively as compared with control group(P<0.05). (2) Most of the chemical enhancers used in this study(1%, 3% and 5% azones, 10% ethyl oleate, 1% menthnol,and 30% sulphoxiade),except for 20% propylene glycol,had enhancing effect on transdermal delivery of melocicam. Ethyl oleate(10%) was proven to be the most potent enhancer,showing a 1.86-fold cumulated permeation that of the control group(P<0.05); (3) Electret was more potent than the chemical enhancers in promoting meloxicam transdermal delivery, showing a 2.16-fold cumulated permeation that of control group (P<0.05); (4) Electret improved the enhancing effect of chemical enhancers in this study. The cumulated permeation of meloxicam in electret + chemical enhancer + meloxicam patch group was 1.14-2.82 folds that of the chemical enhancer + meloxicam patch group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Electret has a good promoting effect for transdermal drug delivery and can be used as a novel enhancer in transdermal delivery of drugs.

Objective: To study expression of the gene of n-6 fatty acid desaturase fat-1 in human breast cancer cell, composition change of fatty acids of cell membrane, and effect of the gene on apoptosis of breast cancer cell. Methods: Construct recombinant adenovirus vector (Ad.GFP.fat-1) containing fat-1 gene, the recombinant adenovirus was produced in 293 package cell, then it infected the breast cancer cells MCF-7; Total RNA of the cells was isolated and hybridized with antisense RNA probe of fat-1 mRNA by Northern to analyze the expression of fat-1 in MCF-7;The effect of fat-1on the proliferation of MCF-7 cell was analyzed by MTT method,apoptosis of the cells were detected by apoptosis kit;Content of n-6 PUFAs/n-3 PUFAs was analyzed by Gas Chromatography. Results: The proposed recombinant virus was got through DNA recombinant technique; fat-1 gene effectively expressed in human breast cancer cell MCF-7; The fat-1 mRNA band appeared 2 days after infection of virus Ad.GFP.fat-1;Compared with the control cell (Ad.GFP), proliferation of MCF-7 cell was markedly inhibited by the gene fat-1( 23%, p

Objective: To detect the systolic and diastolic velocity in patients with idiopathic premature ventricular beat(PVB)by pulsed wave-tissue Doppler imaging (PW-TDI) techniques.Methods: There were two groups involved in this study. PVB group,n=30,patients with idiopathic PVB,and Control group,n=30,of healthy subjects. The changes of cardiac function were measured and compared between two groups by the index of myocardial motion velocity using PW-TDI techniques.Results: A total of 7 sites were studied,there were no significant differences in systolic peak velocities (Sm),time velocity integral (TVI),peak velocity of the early relaxation wave (Em),peak velocity of the later relaxation wave (Am) and Em/Am ratio (Em/Am) between the Control group and PVB group in the normal sinus beat (P＞0.05).Compared with the normal sinus beat,Sm,TVI,Em and Em/Am were significantly lower in PVB (P<0.01),while Sm,TVI,Em in the post-PVB sinus beat were significantly higher than that in normal sinus beat (P<0.01). However,there were no significant differences of Am in each site among the normal sinus beat,PVB and the post-PVB sinus beat. Conclusion: PVB and PVB-induced compensational interval could significantly influence the systolic and diastolic function of the ventricle.

Objective To explore the difference of the professional self-concept in nursing staff of gynecology and obstetric department with the different career motivations in a three-level general hospital.Methods A total of 97 nurses were selected and investigated with professional self-concept scale and career motivation questionnaire.Results Among 97 nurses,44 nurses voluntarily chose the nursing job and their score of professional self-concept and job satisfaction was ( 3.04 ± 0.36),(2.91 ± 0.53 ),respectively.Fifty-three nurses passivity chose the nursing job by external factors and their score of professional self-concept and job satisfaction was(2.89 ± 0.29),(2.49 ± 0.53 ),respectively,and the difference between the two group was statistically significant (t =2.295,3.868,respectively ; P ＜ 0.05 ).Scores of two groups except job satisfaction score in 53 nurses group were more than 2.5 and 2.5 was a level boundary value.Conclusions Nurses with different career motivation have different professional self-concept.It is important for nursing educator to pay attention on cultivating nurse students' professional interest and career motivation.

To understand the family sex education for young children in rural areas of Sichuan province and analyze the influencing factors. A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 2246 parents of kindergarten children from rural areas in Sichuan province for a questionnaire-based survey.The Chi-square test and Logistic regression model were used for data analysis. It was found 1132(52.33%)parents had implemented family sex education for young children and 1031(47.67%)had not.Young children having asked sex-related questions(=1.536,95%=1.257-1.878),parents thinking that early childhood sex education is necessary(=3.691,95%=2.029-6.717),and parents having the intention to know early childhood sex education(=1.700,95%=1.274-2.269),and kindergarten having implemented early childhood sex education(=3.316,95%=2.515-4.372)were promoting factors for parents to conduct early childhood sex education,whereas a total annual household income at the middle level(=0.664,95%=0.456-0.968)was a hindering factor for parents to conduct early childhood sex education. Parents of young children in rural areas of Sichuan province have poor awareness of sex education,and the proportion of parents who have never conducted sex education for children is high.The total annual income of the family,whether the children have asked about sex-related questions,parents' attitude towards early childhood sex education,and whether the kindergarten has conducted the early childhood sex education are important factors that influence the level of children's family sex education.
Child ; China ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Parents ; Sex Education ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To analyze incidence and nursing strategies of postoperative nausea and vomiting after different neurosurgery in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU).Methods 5 078 adult patients who had undergone neurosurgery enrolled into PACU were retrospectively investigated. The incidence and nursing strategies of postoperative nausea and vomiting were analyzed.Results The overall incidence of PONV following neurosurgery was 15.7％ (798 cases).The incidence of PONV in patients undergoing craniopharyngioma was 28.4％ ( 25/88),ventricular tumor 26.7％ (35/131 ),infratentorial craniotomy 24.2％ ( 157/650),intracranial aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation 20.8％ (87/4 i 8 ),supratentorial tumor 19.3％ (297/1 535 ),epilepsy 15.8％ ( 16/101 ),transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary tumor 8.8％ ( 88/991 ),spinal cord tumor 8.4％(52/619) and others 7.5％ respectively.Conclusions The overall incidence of PONV in PACU following neurosurgery was approximately 16％.These results indicate that the incidence of PONV following neurosurgery is different and craniopharyngioma,ventricular tumor and posterior fossa tumor are high risk for PONV.Nursing strategies for the prevention of PONV following neurosurgery are required.

OBJECTIVETo explore the inflammatory cascade mechanism through Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) pathway after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, and to study molecular mechanisms of Guanmaitong (GMT) Tablet for protecting brain damage.

METHODSWe used bolt-line method to block/release the middle cerebral artery, causing cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model. GMT Tablet was given by gastrogavage. Rats were then divided into the high dose GMT group (1200 mg/kg), the middle dose GMT group (600 mg/kg), the low dose GMT group (300 mg/kg), the positive control group (Tanakan, 20 mg/kg). Their right brain tissues were fixed in 10% neutral formalin. TLR2 expressions were detected by immunofluorescence staining. The total protein was extracted from right brain tissues by ultrasonica- tion. Expression levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-ERK), p38-mitogen activated protein kinases (p-ERK), phospho-p38-mitogen activated protein kinases [p-p38-MAPKs(p-p38)] were assessed by Western blot. Abdominal aortic blood was withdrawn. IL-6 and IL-1β levels were detected by ELISA in brain tissues and serum.

RESULTSCompared with the sham-oepration group, expression levels of TLR2, ERK, p-ERK, p38, p-p38 protein were up-regulated (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and contents of IL-6 and IL-1β in brain tissues and serum were increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Expression levels of TLR2, ERK, p-ERK, p38, p-p38 were down-regulated (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and contents of IL-6 and IL-1β were reduced in brain tissues and serum in middle and high dose GMT groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSTLR2 pathway was involved in cerebral I/R injury. GMT protected neurons by down-regulating protein expressions of TLR2, ERK, p-ERK, p38, p-p38 and contents of IL-1β and IL-6.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Cerebral Infarction ; Down-Regulation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-6 ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; Tablets ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the psychologic status and their influencing factors in congenital microtia patients and their families.

METHODSTotally one hundred and two congenital microtia patients (79 men, 23 women, mean age 13.62 +/- 7.2 years) were enrolled. The patients and their families answered the questionnaire written by ourselves to identify the psychosocial problems.

RESULTS(1) 23.5% patients were found to have severe psychosocial problems, such as lack of self-confidence, close and fear and so on. (2) With the growth of age, psychosocial problems of the patients were rated high (P < 0.05). (3) For patients who found their deformations early, psychosocial problems also were rated low. (4) For patients who found their deformations by themselves, psychosocial problems also were rated low. (5) The education and psychosocial impact for parents all affected patients deeply.

CONCLUSIONSTo prevent psychosocial problems, we should operate for patients as early as possible. And correct guidance is very important for youngsters.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Congenital Abnormalities ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Ear ; abnormalities ; Family ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Inpatients ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

To establish methods and requirements for quality control of rhLFA3-IgG1, biological potency of rhLFA3-IgG1 was determined by CD2 molecule competitive binding assay on Jurkat cell surface. Purity of rhLFA3-IgG1 was analyzed by SEC-HPLC and IEC-HPLC. Peptide mapping was preformed by tryptic digestion and RP-HPLC after sample reduced and carboxymethylation by DTT and indoacetic acid, respectively. CHO host cell protein and Protein A residual were detected by ELISA separately. The quality control methods and requirements, such as biological potency, the physical-chemical characteristic of rhLFA3-IgG1 had been established. The methods and requirements for quality control of rhLFA3-IgG1 showed advantages of assuring the products safety and efficacy, which can be used for routine quality control of rhLFA3-IgG1.
Binding, Competitive ; Biotechnology ; methods ; CD2 Antigens ; metabolism ; CD58 Antigens ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; Jurkat Cells ; Molecular Weight ; Peptide Mapping ; Quality Control ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; chemistry