Adult ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Pedigree

Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Coronary Disease ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; blood supply ; Male ; Middle Aged

Adult ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Male ; Neurofibroma ; Vocal Cords ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effects and the law of anti bitterness efficiency of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and other different types bitterness masking at different concentrations on the bitterness decoction of Chinese materia medica (BDCMM) by using the traditional human taste panel method (THTPM) and Electronic tongue (E-tongue). Methods Based on THTPM, the bitterness reduction value (ΔI), the correction rate of bitterness suppression (CRBS), and the correction rate of bitterness suppression potency index (PI50) were used as indicators to evaluate the bitterness suppression effect of four bitterness masking at different concentrations on BDCMM such as Sophorae Flavescentis Radix (SFR), and the relationship model between the concentrations of ΔI and bitterness masking was established to explore the bitterness suppression rule of bitterness masking on different BDCMM. Based on the E-tongue method, the E-tongue taste response information values of HP-β-CD and Acesulfame K to BDCMM such as SFR were measured at different concentrations, and the electronic tongue bitterness reduction value (ΔIe) was used as an index to explore the change rule of ΔIe with bitterness masking concentration. THTPM and E-tongue was combined to establish a prediction model of the effect of bitterness suppression. Results The ΔI, CRBS, and PI50 of four kinds of BDCMM with different concentrations of bitterness masking were measured, which can be used to compare the bitterness suppression effect of bitterness masking; The relation between ΔI and bitterness masking concentration accorded with Weibull curve model; Based on E-tongue, ΔIe was obtained, and the model of the relationship between ΔIe and bitterness masking concentration was established. The relationship between ΔIe and ΔI was established. The model determination coefficients of HP-β-CD for the two types of ΔIe of the two BDCMM were 0.986 1, 0.977 9, 0.989 0, and 0.982 0 respectively (P < 0.01, n = 6). Acesulfame had no response to the sensor and did not establish a model of bitterness suppression law. Conclusion Based on THTPM and E-tongue, a method for evaluating the bitterness suppression effect of bitterness masking on BDCMM was established. The bitterness suppression effect of bitterness masking on BDCMM such as SFR was studied by molecular inclusion, high-efficiency sweetening, and other bitterness suppression mechanisms were inverstigated.

Objective To study the bitterness inhibition law of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) concentration (C) on the bitter compounds and bitter Chinese herbal medicine, and to explore the application of electronic tongue in this study. Methods Berberine, oxymatrine, Sophora flavescens, and Andrographis paniculata decoction were used as bitterness vectors to establish two models of bitterness inhibition law about ΔI-C and ΔIe-C, and to explore the prediction model of bitterness inhibition effect about ΔI-ΔIe, based on the oral taste evaluation results (ΔI) and electronic tongue information (ΔIe). Then, fitting precision and fitting goodness of the prediction model were evaluated with cross-validation and residual analysis. Results In this study, good Weibull model of bitterness inhibition pattern about ΔI-C were established for all the four bitterness vectors, the decision coefficient R2 are as followed: 0.999 6, 0.987 9, 0.996 4, and 0.998 4 (P < 0.01); The decision coefficient R2 of six (two sensors per vector) models of bitterness inhibition law about ΔIe-C of berberine, S. flavescens, and A. paniculata decoctions were as followed: 0.996 5, 0.991 6, 0.997 3, 0.989 3, 0.999 6, and 0.999 1 (P < 0.01); The decision coefficient R2 of six corresponding linear prediction models of bitterness inhibition effect about ΔI-ΔIe were as followed: 0.989 1, 0.968 3, 0.989 0, 0.982 0, 0.977 9, and 0.986 1 (P < 0.01); The correlation coefficient R calculated by correlation coefficient of six prediction models above were as followed: 0.986 0, 0.997 3, 0.988 4, 0.960 8, 0.980 2, and 0.983 9 (P < 0.01); No model was established for oxymatrine within the range of tested concentration in this research, as it didn’t respond to the four sensors with varied concentration. Conclusion Based on this method, the bitterness inhibition law of HP-β-CD with changed concentration was obtained. Prediction models based on HP-β-CD concentration or electronic tongue data were also established, they can be used to predict the relative bitterness inhibition effect. Part of the bitter compounds didn't response to the electronic tongue regularly, remain further research and development of electronic tongue technology.

Objective:To explore the intervention effect of 321 health education guided by transtheoretical model on hemodialysis patients.Methods:A total of 107 cases of hemodialysis patients from January to December in 2019 in the Central Hospital of Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, were divided into a control group of 53 cases and a study group of 54 cases by table of random number. Patients in the control group received routine health education, and patients in the study group were intervened by 321 health education guided by transtheoretical model. The level of health literacy, symptoms, quality of life of patients in the two groups were evaluated by chronic disease patients health literacy scale, the Chinese version of Dialysis Frequency Severity and Symptom Burden Index (DFSSBI), and the Chinese version of Kidney Disease Questionnaire (KDQ) before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention, the total score of the health literacy scale of patients with chronic diseases in the control group and the score of the three dimensions of information acquisition ability, communication and interaction ability, and willingness to be healthy were (89.16±11.04), (32.62±3.51), (31.48±3.61), (16.85±2.57), lower than those of the study group (99.86±11.46),(35.92±3.42),(35.73±3.92),(19.96±2.77), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -21.898--4.925, P<0.01). After the intervention, the total score, physical symptom score and psychological symptom score of the two dimensions of DFSSBI in the control group were (56.39 ± 8.21), (47.27 ± 6.85), (9.12 ± 1.31),higher than those of the control group (49.00 ± 6.31), (41.81 ± 5.35), (7.17 ± 0.95),respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 5.226, 4.599, 8.827, P<0.01). After the intervention, the incidence of difficulty in falling asleep, fatigue, dry skin, itching, dry mouth in the study group were 38.89%(21/54), 38.89%(21/54), 27.78%(15/54), 27.78%(15/54), 25.93%(14/54), lower than those in the control group 66.04%(35/53), 62.26%(33/53), 49.06%(26/53), 49.06%(26/53), 45.28%(29/53), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant(χ 2 values were 5.124-9.224, P<0.05 or <0.01). The symptom scores of difficulty in falling asleep, fatigue, dry skin, itching, dry mouth in the control group were (7.44 ± 0.81), (7.34 ± 0.72), (7.42 ± 0.73), (8.62 ± 0.72), (7.82 ± 0.77), higher than those in the study group(6.11 ± 0.65), (6.02 ± 0.59), (6.15 ± 0.61), (7.12 ± 0.65), (5.84 ± 0.51) respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 9.376-15.710, P<0.01). After the intervention, the total score of KDQ and the scores of physical symptoms, fatigue and depression in the control group were (106.46 ± 13.39), (23.87 ± 2.40), (22.71 ± 2.67), (22.52 ± 2.93), lower than those in the study group (116.89 ± 14.59), (27.12 ± 2.53), (25.16 ± 2.82), (27.12 ± 3.75), respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -7.062--3.851, P<0.01). Conclusions:Intervention of 321 health education guided by transtheoretical model on hemodialysis patients can improve their health literacy and symptoms, reduce their symptom burden score and improve their quality of life.

Objective: Comparing the differences between dispensing granule decoction (DGD), standard decoction (SD) and traditional decoction (TD) of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (PCC) prescription to evaluate the quality of commercially available dispensing granule (DG), and establish the relevant standards for SD, TD and evaluative methods for DG. Methods: Fingerprint was established by HPLC. A comprehensive comparative study was conducted on 35 samples of DGD (three batches from each of the five A-E manufacturers), SD (10 batches) and TD (10 batches) in seven categories from five aspects of chemical composition type, representative index component content, fingerprint similarity, total peak area sum and principal component analysis (PCA); Clinically recommended equivalent corrections were performed for DGD. Results: ① Twenty-one common peaks in SD and TD were preserved in the DGD fingerprint. ② The content of magnoflorine in manufacturer A of DGD was 34.3% lower than that of SD (P < 0.05); The content of magnoflorine in manufacturer C was 35.6% lower than SD (P < 0.01), and 37.0% lower than TD (P < 0.05); The content of phellodendrine hydrochloride in D manufacturer was 22.0% lower than SD (P < 0.05), and 27.5% lower than TD (P < 0.05), The content of berberine hydrochloride in D manufacturer was 20.8% lower than SD (P < 0.05), and 23.8% lower than TD (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the other manufacturers' components. ③ The average similarity of each DGD and SD was greater than 0.992 6, and the average similarity of each DGD and TD was greater than 0.991 2, with high component similarity. Using the normalization method, the total peak area of the 21 common peaks of SD was 1 unit, and the ratios of the seven types of samples were 0.90, 1.03, 0.69, 0.77, 0.73, 1.00, and 1.06. ⑤ PCA showed that the distance between the B manufacturer and SD and TD was close, and the difference was small. Using the 21 common peak information of SD as the standard, the peak area plus method was used to correct the clinical recommended equivalent of DG. It was recommended that manufacturers A, C, D, and E could be reduced from 1 g equivalent to 12 g of the original decoction pieces to 10.7, 8.3, 9.2, and 8.8 g, respectively. B manufacturer was not needed to be corrected, and still 1 g was equivalent to 10 g of the original decoction pieces. Conclusion: There are differences in the content of components between DGD, SD, and TD in the real world. There is no significant difference in the proportion of components and components. These overall basically consistent differences can be adjusted by correcting the clinical recommended equivalent, thus promoting clinical rational drug use.

Hypertension is one of the high prevalence diseases in Xinjiang,which severely affect the body-mind heath of the people.In Northwest area,particularly in xinjiang,dryness syndrome is prevailed owing to environmental factor.Therefore,dryness syndrome of climacteric hypertension in xinjiang is more prevalent than that in other areas.Discussion on the effect of environmental factors on climacteric hypertension is a main aspect of Northwest dryness syndrome study.It may provide reliable and helpful basis of prevention and treatment of climacteric hypertension in xinjiang.

Objective To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)on the expression of apoptosis-related molecules including programmed cell death 5(PDCD-5)gene in pancreatic ? cells induced by proinflammatory cytokines.Methods Mouse islet ?-cell line NIT-1 was incubated for 24 h with cytokine mixture(Mix)in the absence or presence of GLP-1.The apoptotic cells were assayed by flow cytometry after stained with annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide(PI).The expressions of PDCD5,Fas,and caspase 3 were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blot.Results The number of both annexin V single positive cells and annexin V/PI double positive cells significantly increased in the cells treated with 30 U/mL interleukin-1?(IL-1?)+ 100 U/mL interferon-?(IFN-?)+ 100 U/mL tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?).The expressions of PDCD5,Fas,and caspase 3 at both mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in the cells exposed to the cytokines.The above-mentioned effects of the cytokines were reversed by 10 nmol/L of GLP-1.Conclusion These data show that the proinflammatory cytokines cause pancreatic ? cell apoptosis via activation of PDCD5 signal pathway and that GLP-1 inhibits the upregulation of PDCD5 expression and the subsequent event of apoptosis induced by the cytokines.

Intestinal schistosomiasis is a kind of intravascular parasitic diseases, and chronic inflammation of colon is one of the basic pathological changes of the sickness.However, the mechanism of caveolin-1 and tight junction proteins in the pathogenesis of intestinal schistosomiasis is still unclear.Aims: To study the expressions and significances of caveolin-1 and tight junction protein occludin, claudin-1 in schistosomiasis colitis in mice.Methods: Forty BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into control group and infection group.Schistosomiasis colitis model was established by placing 40 Schistosoma Japonicum cercarie on the abdomen.Mice were sacrificed after 8 weeks.HE staining was performed.The permeability of intestinal vascular endothelium was detected by Evans blue method.The leukocyte counts in peritoneal lavage fluid were measured.qPCR was used to determine the mRNA expressions of caveolin-1, occludin, claudin-1 and eNOS in colon tissue.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the protein expressions of caveolin-1 and occludin.Results: Large number of egg granuloma was observed in colon submucosa and accompanied by extensive inflammatory cells infiltration in infection group.Compared with control group, content of Evans blue and leukocyte counts in peritoneal lavage fluid were significantly increased (P<0.05);mRNA expressions of caveolin-1, occludin, claudin-1 were significantly decreased (P<0.01);protein expressions and positivity rates of caveolin-1 and occludin were significantly decreased in infection group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Down-regulation of expressions of caveolin-1, occludin and claudin-1 can induce leukocyte accumulation via increasing the permeability of intestinal vascular endothelial cells, thereby involving in the development of schistosomiasis colitis.