The expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs) can protect against acute lung injury(ALI).However,HSPs are restrained from clinical application due to the toxicity of most of the former inductors.Glutamine,which also has the ability to induce the expression of HSPs,can protect against ALI and sepsis,and may serve as a candidate for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the in vivo effects of glutamine(Gln) on inflammatory cytokine release in murine peritoneal macrophages during sepsis. Methods Sixty Kunming mice were randomly divided into sham-operation group(Sham group,n=20),operation control group(Con group,n=20) and Gln-treatment group(Gln group,n=20).Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in Gln group and Con group,and Gln(0.75 g/kg) or saline was immediately administered via single tail vein injection.Serum was collected and macrophages were harvested from peritoneal lavage at 6 h in these three groups.Intracellular and serum cytokines of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?),interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-10 were detected by ELISA.The expression of TNF-? mRNA in macrophages was analyzed by RT-PCR,and the expression of heat shock protein(HSP) 72 in macrophages was evaluated by Western blotting. Results Gln group demonstrated significantly lower intracellular TNF-? and IL-6 levels than Con group(P0.05).The serum TNF-? level was significantly lower in Gln group than in Con group(P

Orange peel was used as lowcost adsorbent in binding of Methylene Blue.The effects of equilibrium time,pH,dye concentration have been studied.Carboxyl,amine and phosphonate functional groups were present in the orange peel.The equilibrium time was 1 hour,the maximum adsorption capacities of the orange peel was 370.3?31.0 mg/g at pH 10.The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were well fitted in this biosorption system.Results showed relatively higher rate constant and biosorption capacities.These adsorption performance indicate the orange peel as a potentially economical adsorbent for dye removal.

ABSTRACT:Objective To study the platelet changes in patients with unstable angina with different blood glucose ,and their related biochemical index changes ,and their relationship with global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) score .Methods For this clinical study ,we enrolled 82 patients diagnosed with unstable angina , 47 of whom were male and 35 were female .Upon admission ,their random blood glucose was tested .According to different blood glucose values ,they were divided into normal blood glucose group (<6 .1 mmol/L) and high blood glucose (≥ 6 .1 mmol/L ) group . The following clinical data were compared between the two groups :age , hypertension ,diabetes ,smoking history ,and BMI .We detected EF (% ) ,HBA1C ,glucose ,LDL‐C ,HDL‐C ,TG , LPA ,CREA ,UA ,hsCRP ,BNP ,CKMB ,CTNI ,D‐Dimer ,and GRACE risk scores .We compared the platelet test results :PLT ,P‐LCR ,PDW ,and MPV .We also detected the relationship of MPV with hsCRP ,D‐Dimers and GRACE risk scores .Results MPV ,hsCRP ,and GRACE risk score differed significantly between normal blood glucose group and high blood glucose group (P<0 .05) .In the latter group ,MPV had significant correlation with hsCRP ,D‐Dimers and GRACE risk score ( r=0 .28 , r=0 .41 , r=0 .56 , P<0 .05) .Conclusion Hyperglycemia in patients with unstable angina causes the increase of MPV , change of the inflammatory marker hsCRP , and increase of clinical GRACE risk score .Abnormal MPV may predict the increased risk of unstable angina in patients with hyperglycemia upon hospitalization .

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of different optimal therapy strategies for hepatits B e antigen (HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with suboptimal response to peginterferon-α-2a (peg-IFN-α-2a) at 24 weeks.Methods This open-label,single-center and prospective clinical observational study was conducted in Department of Infectious Diseases at Shanghai Changhai Hospital between January 2009 and December 2011.The cases of HBeAg-positive CHB with suboptimal response to peg-IFN-α-2a at week 24 were enrolled.Based on virological markers and patient preference,patients were treated with either peg-IFN-α-2a add-on adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) or switch-to telbivudine (LdT).Hepatitis B virus (HBV) virological and serological data were collected at week 12,24 and 48 after the initiation of optimal therapy.Adverse reactions were also monitored.Therapeutic efficacy was compared between two groups of patients before and after treatment by x2 test.Kruskall Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test were used for analysis of continuous variables.Results Among 193 HBeAg positive CHB patients treated with interferon,67 had suboptimal response and were enrolled.Forty five cases received peg IFN-α-2a add-on ADV treatment and 22 cases received switch-to LdT treatment.After 48 weeks of optimized therapy,the total tBeAg seroconversion rate was 25.3 ％.The rates of HBeAg loss,HBV DNA negative and alanine aminotransferase normalization were 26.8％,73.1％ and 83.5％,respectively.The peg-IFN-α-2a switch-to LdT strategy had better HBV DNA inhibition efficiency compared with the peg-IFN-α-2a add-on ADV strategy at week 12,24 and 48 (P=0.00,0.00 and 0.01,respectively).However,there was no significant difference of HBV DNA negative rate between two groups at week 48 (x2 =0.01,P=0.89).The obviously intolerable adverse reaction was not reported in two optimized strategy groups.Conclusions The 48-week optimized treatment for HBeAg positive CHB with suboptimal response to peg-IFN-α-2a at week 24 could achieve a higher HBeAg seroconversion rate.The switch-to LdT strategy may have better HBV DNA inhibition efficiency.Both strategies show satisfactory safety and tolerance.

ObjectiveTo observe protective effects of agmatine (AGM) on inflammatory response and spleen immune function in mice with trauma.Methods Forty-eight adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (n= 16 each), including control group, model group (bilateral femoral fracture and removal of 35% of the total blood volume), and AGM group (trauma/hemorrhage & AGM 200 mg/kg). Eight mice in each group were sacrificed at 3 hours and 24 hours, respectively, after modeling, and blood samples and tissue homogenate of spleen and liver were collected. The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-6, IL-1β) in serum and liver tissue were determined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined with automatic biochemistry analyzer. Spleen proliferation response stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) was evaluated with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium colourimetry (MTT).γ-interferon (IFN-γ) and IL-2 releases were determined with ELISA.Results Compared with control group, 3 hours after trauma/hemorrhage, the levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in model group were significantly elevated [TNF-α (ng/L): 145.38±31.50 vs. 23.06±11.14, IL-6 (ng/L): 496.94±50.76 vs. 47.13±17.47, IL-1β (ng/L): 321.31±43.02 vs. 29.25±16.24,allP< 0.01]. It was found that AGM treatment could alleviate the increase in serum pro-inflammatory mediators induced by trauma/hemorrhage, such as TNF-α (ng/L:111.56±25.47 vs. 145.38±31.50), IL-6 (ng/L: 412.56±44.33 vs. 496.94±50.76), IL-1β (ng/L: 273.38±45.25 vs. 321.31±43.02,P< 0.05 orP< 0.01). Twenty-four hours after trauma/hemorrhage, serum pro-inflammatory mediators were recovered to the levels in control group. There was no significant difference in TNF-α and IL-6 levels at 3 hours after trauma/hemorrhage among groups. Compared with control group, the expressions of liver TNF-α and IL-6 in model group were increased at 24 hours following trauma [TNF-α (ng/mg): 32.93±4.90 vs. 26.58±2.33, IL-6 (ng/mg): 11.20±1.66 vs. 8.38±0.89,bothP< 0.01]. However, AGM inhibited the level of TNF-α (ng/mg:28.92±3.16 vs. 32.93±4.90) and IL-6 (ng/mg: 9.03±1.28 vs. 11.20±1.66) in the liver as induced by trauma/hemorrhage (P< 0.05 andP< 0.01). At 24 hours after modeling, model group and AGM group had distinctly higher serum AST, ALT, LDH levels than those of control group [AST (U/L): 405.9±31.2, 245.7±22.1 vs. 128.2±15.9; ALT (U/L): 92.1±6.3, 51.6±5.0 vs. 30.1±3.2; LDH (U/L): 606.7±36.3, 478.7±25.3 vs. 384.0±16.6, allP< 0.01]. Nevertheless,the increase in serum AST, ALT and LDH was alleviated in AGM group (allP< 0.01). Meantime, trauma/hemorrhage produced a noticeable depression of proliferation of splenic cells and IFN-γ and IL-2 release stimulated with ConA compared with control group [proliferation rate: (40.97±4.13)% vs. (89.99±7.76)%, IFN-γ(ng/L): 91.6±12.3 vs. 353.2±21.5,IL-2 (ng/L): 53.4±6.4 vs. 91.0±12.2,allP< 0.01]. In contrast, AGM notably restored the capacity of proliferation response of splenic cells [proliferation rate: (74.86±5.75)% vs. (40.97±4.13)%, P< 0.01],enhanced the release of IFN-γ and IL-2 stimulated with ConA [IFN-γ (ng/L): 327.8±23.6 vs. 91.6±12.3, IL-2 (ng/L): 74.8±10.4 vs. 53.4±6.4, bothP< 0.01].Conclusion AGM can dramatically alleviate spleen immunosuppression, excessive inflammation and organ damage induced by trauma/hemorrhage.

To make further study on the mechanism of needling based on the concept of needle-acupointomics.This article aims to reveal the biologic basis and interpret the scientific methods of needling,and to optimize needling prescriptions.The article make a standardized and normalized study on key techniques in clinical therapeutic methods,for the purpose of putting scientific mechanism into the practical usage,and better serving for clinical practice.

Applications of network pharmacology are increasingly widespread and methods abound in the field of drug development and pharmacological research. In this study, we choose rosiglitazone compound as the object to predict the targets and to discuss the mechanism based on three kinds of prediction methods of network pharmacology. Comparison of the prediction result has identified that the three kinds of prediction methods had their own characteristics: targets and pathways predicted were not in accordance with each other. However, the calcium signaling pathway could be predicted in the three kinds of methods, which associated with diabetes and cognitive impairment caused by diabetes by bioinformatics analysis. The above conclusion indicates that the calcium signaling pathway is important in signal pathway regulation of rosiglitazone compound, which provides a clue to further explain the mechanism of the compound and also provides a reference for the selection and application of methods of network pharmacology in the actual research.
Calcium Signaling ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Computational Biology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Pharmacology ; methods ; Thiazolidinediones ; pharmacology

In this study, the human umbilical vein endothelial cell model was used to study the regulating effect of lipophilic components in Salvia miltiorrhiza on angiogenesis, and explore its possible mechanism. The cell model was established to determine the effect of lipophilic components in S. miltiorrhiza on the proliferative activity and migration capacity of endothelial cells. Then the realtime fluorescence quantification PCR technology was applied to detect the changes in the gene expressions of angiogenesis-related cytokines VEGF-A, VEGF-C and MMP-9. The results showed that 5 mg x L(-1) lipophilic components in S. miltiorrhiza could inhibit the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, and reduce the expression of VEGF-A and MMP-9 genes. It indicated that lipophilic components in S. miltiorrhiza may inhibit the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells by inhibiting the expression of VEGF-A and MMP-9 genes, so as to show the inhibitory effect on angiogenesis.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

According to the situation in hospital, this study investigate the the selection and training System for junior to senior faculty in terms of its guiding principles, funding, and initial achievement. The study concluded that the system is helpful for the researchers to foster research consciousness and accumulate experiences, and it also improves the overall quality of junior faculties.