Objective To investigate clinical significance of proinsulin and true insulin in obese children with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).Methods There were 21 IGT and 52 normal glucose tolerance (NGT) children. Control cases were 40 normal children. The levels of serum fasting proinsulin,true insulin,insulin,c-peptide and glucose were measured in all the subjects.Results 1.Levels of fasting proinsulin,c-peptide, glucose, insulin, true insulin and homeostasis insulin resistance in obese children with IGT showed significant difference compared with NGT (P

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility,the safety and the effect of early postoperative enteral nutrition in patients with esophageal cancer.Methods: On the first postoperative day,40 patients were randomly divided into two groups.One group was given isocaloric total parenteral nutrition through central vein(TPN group) and the other group was fed with enteral nutrition through nasoenteric tubes or jejunostomy tubes which were inserted during the operation(EEN group).All variables were measured before operation and on postoperative day 1 and 8.Blood was drawn at different time points to assess albumin,prealbumin and transferrin.Immune response was determined by immunoglobins,total lymphocytes,T-lymphocyte subsets and NK cells. Inflammatory response were determined by C-reactive protein,IL-6 and TNF-?.Morbidity,mortality and length of hospital stay were also evaluated. Results: Tolerance of enteral nutrition was excellent.Neither mortality nor serious morbidity occurred in all patients during the period of study.After the study,the levels of serum prealbumin,total lymphocytes,CD3,CD4 and CD4/CD8 ratio in the EEN group were significantly higher than the levels in the TPN group.The concentrations of IL-6 and the length of hospital stay in the EEN group were significantly lower than in the TPN group.Conclusion: Early postoperative enteral nutrition in patients with esophageal cancer is safe,and also has the benefit effects of enhancing the body status of nutrition and immune function,and reducing the inflammatory response and the length of hospital stay.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of comparative data concerning isokinetic muscle strength of elite female basketball players with different athletic levels. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of muscle strength of trunk and lower limbs of elite female basketball players, and to compare the difference in the muscle strength between elite athletes and first-class athletes. METHODS: Sixteen Sichuan Provincial (first-class group), and 17 members of the national team (elite group) female basketball athletes were enrolled, and the flexion and extension muscle strength of trunk, hip, knee and ankle joints in different angular velocity (60(°)/s, 5 times;240(°)/s, 25 times) were detected using the German IsoMed 2000 isokinetic testing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The right hip extensor and flexor force absolute power, bilateral knee flexor and extensor force and absolute flexion explosive, bilateral ankle flexor and extensor and the explosive force in the elite group were significantly higher than those in the first-class group (P < 0.05).The trunk flexor strength, left hip extensor force and absolute outbreak right hip extensor force and explosive force in the elite group were significantly higher than those in the first-class group (P < 0.01). In the elite group, the hip knee ankle muscle: the absolute strength of flexor 5.0:3.6:1, flexor extensor 5.0:3.2:1 explosive force, absolute force 2.4:1.6:1, extensor explosive force 2.0:1.3:1; in the first-class group had 6.3:3.8:1 absolute strength of flexor flexor, explosive force 6.6:4.2:1, 2.3:1.8:1 absolute extensor force, and 1.8:1.5:1extensor explosive. There were significant differences in the antagonistic/active muscle ratios of torso explosive force, absolute strength of bilateral hip and knee joint and explosive force between two groups (P < 0.05). The lower extremity joint contralateral homonymous muscle in both groups was less than 10%. The trunk flexor and extensor, bilateral hip extensor and bilateral ankle extensor endurance in the elite group were significantly higher than those in the first-class group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that with the increase of test angle, both groups showed a decrease in trunk and lower limb flexor extensor peak torque to different extents. The lower limb contralateral homonymous muscle was < 10% in both groups. Additionally, the first-class athletes should strengthen the trunk flexor strength, hip flexor and extensor force and absolute power, absolute knee extensor force and ankle flexion, absolute strength and explosive force exercises, also need to increase trunk flexor and extensor, hip and ankle extensor endurance training.

Based on reservoir condition and fluid characteristics, the oil-degrading bacterial strain NX-2 was screened from Ma-2 fault block of Huabei oil field. Bacterial metabolism and the capability of improving oil property were evaluated on oxygen-deficient condition. At 87℃ which reservoir temperature is, artificial homogeneous core displacement experiment indicated the enhanced oil recovery of microbe was 7.1% higher than that of waterflooding. In experiment on individual well Ma-410, additional oil production of 669 tons was gained, and decreased water production of this trial well reached more than 3000 tons. These results demonstrated NX-2 could adapt to stratum conditions, enhance oil recovery and improve oil property as well.

In recent years, the problem of bacterial resistance has become more and more serious, which has brought troubles to global public health and medical care. The time and money required to develop new antibiotics is even greater than before. Bacteriophage is a kind of virus that can specifically infect bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and other microorganisms. Relying on host bacteria to replicate in large numbers, rich species, low research and development cost, the value of anti-infection therapy is very considerable. It is a new generation of biological antimicrobial agents with great potential. This paper briefly describes the sterilization mechanism, progress of research on anti-infection aspect and clinical application of phage, in order to provide reference for phage anti-infection treatment and clinical application.

Objective To study the tolerance to 188Re-1-hydroxy-1 ,1-ethylidene disodium phosphonate(HEDP) in patients with bone pain caused by osseous metastases. Methods Thirty-one patients(10with prostate cancer, 9 with breast cancer, 3 with lung cancer, 5 with liver cancer, 2 with rectal cancer, 1with esophageal cancer and 1 with renal cancer) received a single injection dose of 188Re-HEDP. The patients were divided into four groups according to the injection dose: 20 MBq/kg (6 patients), 30 MBq/kg(6 patients), 40 MBq/kg (9 patients), and 50 MBq/kg (10 patients). Haematological toxicity (WHO grading) of grade Ⅲ- Ⅳ was considered unacceptable. Vital signs and adverse effects after injection were recorded for 8 weeks. Blood counts were measured weekly during a period of 8 weeks. Biochemical parameters and electrocardiogram were assayed at week 4 and 8. Statistical analysis was performed for per-protocol (pp) population (t-test). Results Twenty-seven patients belonged to PP population with 5 in the group of 20 MBq/kg, 5 in the group of 30 MBq/kg, 8 in the group of 40 MBq/kg and 9 in the group of 50 MBq/kg.No obvious adverse effects and no significant change of vital signs, electrocardiogram, liver and renal function were found after injection. Alkaline phosphatase was slightly higher than baseline at week 4 and 8 after therapy, but the difference was not statistically significant. In the 20 MBq/kg group, reversible grade Ⅰ leucopenia was noted in 1 patient. In the 30 MBq/kg group, 2 patients showed reversible grade Ⅰ leucopenia including 1 alone with reversible grade Ⅲ thrombopenia. In the 40 MBq/kg group, reversible grade Ⅰ leucopenia and thrombopenia was observed in 1 patient and reversible grade Ⅱ leucopenia and thrombopenia in another patient. In the .50 MBq/kg group, 3 patients showed reversible grade Ⅱ leucopenia. The lowest level of thrombopenia was at week 4(143.5 × 109/L), leucopenia at week 6 (5.4 × 109/L) and anaemia at week 8(t = 3.1325, 3.3156, 3.4917, all P ＜ 0. 05 compared with baseline). At week 8, the mean level of platelet and leucocyte recovered to baseline. "Bounce pain" was found in 2 of 27 patients (7.41%).Conclusions The dose of 20 MBq/kg, 30 MBq/kg, 40 MBq/kg or 50 MBq/kg of 188Re-HEDP do not cause significant side effects on cancer patients with bone metastases, though there is a tendency that the haematological toxicity may increase as the dose of 188Re-HEDP increases.

Objective To observe the effects of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting Her2 on its gene expression when the shRNA was stably transfected into human ovarian cell lines, SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl, which have different extent of malignancy and investigate the changes of the biological characters of the two cell lines after the stable transfection. Methods The plasmids expressing shRNA targeting Her2 gene were transfected into SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl cells. The stably transfected cells were gained by antibiotic screening. The expression of Her2 before and after the transfection was detected by RT- PCR and western blot. The transwell experiment was used to observe the invasion ability of the cancer cells before and after the transfection, and the parent and the transfected cells were injected into nude mice to observe the tumor growth. Results After the stable transfection with Her2 shRNA, mRNA and protein levels of Her2 gene in SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl cells were remarkably reduced. The expression of mRNA were (68.0±3. 1) %, (40. 8±2. 0) %, (99. 9±1.3) %, (42. 4±2. 5) %. The expression of protein were (72. 1±3.4) %, (36. 4±1.5) %, (98.2±1.7) %, (40. 7±2. 1) %. The invasion ability into basilar membrane of the transfected cells was greatly reduced compared with the parent cells. The invasion cell numbers were 7.6±1.1, 1.8±0. 8, 36. 2±9.7, 15.7±7. 2. The growth rate of the planted tumors was lower in transfected groups than that of the parent groups. Conclusions (1) The expression of Her2 gene in SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl cells was remarkably reduced by RNA interference targeting Her2. (2) The biological characters of SKOV3 and SKOV3. ipl cells are changed when the expression of Her2 gene is reduced by RNA interference.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of electric acupuncture (EA) on the Nogo receptors (NgR) protein expression in the cerebral cortex, the medulla oblongata, and the spinal cord of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats (RHRSP) with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) at different time points, and to investigate its possible mechanisms for remote-organ injury of acute cerebral infarction (ACI).

METHODSThe RHRSP model was duplicated in male SPF grade SD rats. Then the MCAO model was prepared by a thread stringing method. Rats were divided into the hypertension group,the sham-operation group, the MCAO group, the EA group, and the sham-acupoint group by random number table method, 60 in each group. Rats in the MCAO group only received MCAO reperfusion treatment. Those in the sham-operation group only received surgical trauma. Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (DU14) were needled in the EA group, once daily for a total of 28 days.The needles were acupunctured at the skin one cun distant from Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (DU14) and then the same EA treatment was performed in the sham-acupoint group. At day 1, 7, 14, 28 after treatment, six rats were executed from each group, and their right cortex and medulla oblongata, and the left spinal cord were isolated. The infarct volume was detected by Nissl's staining method. The NgR expression was detect by Western blot.

RESULTS(1) In the cortex area: compared with the hypertension group,the NgR expression increased in the MCAO group at day 1,7,14,and 28 after MCAO (P < 0.05). Compared with the MCAO group, the NgR expression of the EA group and the sham-acupoint group were equivalent at 1 day af ter MCAO (P > 0.05). At day 7, 14,and 28 after MCAO, the NgR expression decreased in the EA group (P < 0.05), it was quite similar to that in the sham-acupoint group (P > 0.05). (2) In the medulla oblongata area: compared with the hypertension group, the NgR expression was equivalent in the sham-operation group. the MCAO group,the EA group, and the sham-acupoint group at 1 day after MCAO (P > 0.05). At day 7.14, and 28 after MCAO, the NgR expression increased in the MCAO group (P < 0.05). Compared with the MCAO group,the NgR expression decreased in the EA group at day 7, 14, and 28 after MCAO (P < 0.05), whereas it was similar in the sham-acupoint group (P > 0.05). (3) In the spinal cord area: compared with the hypertension group, the NgR expression was equivalent in the sham-operation group, the MCAO group,the EA group, and the sham-acupoint group at day 1 and 7 after MCAO (P > 0.05). At day 14 and 28 after MCAO, the NgR expression increased in the MCAO group (P < 0.05). Compared with the MCAO group, the NgR expression decreased in the EA group at day 14 and 28 after MCAO (P < 0.05), whereas it was equivalent in the sham-acupoint group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIncreased NgR expression in the cerebral cortex, the medulla oblongata, and the spinal cord of cerebral infarct rats was an important reason for involving remote-organ injury of ACI. The protective effect of EA on hypertensive I/R cerebral injury rats might be closely related to down-regulating central nervous system myelin growth inhibition mediated factors Nogo-A receptor NgR protein expression.

Animals ; Cerebral Infarction ; metabolism ; therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroacupuncture ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; metabolism ; Hypertension, Renal ; metabolism ; therapy ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata ; metabolism ; Myelin Proteins ; metabolism ; Nogo Receptor 1 ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of our self-designed ultradistal locking tool in the intramedullary nailing for tibial fractures.Methods From January 2014 to May 2016,175 patients with tibial fracture were treated at our department.They were 119 men and 56 women,from 19 to 73 years of age (average,46.3 years).They were divided into 2 groups according to the different targeting devices used in the intramedullary nailing.Conventional locking tools were used in the 83 patients from January 2014 to January 2015 and our self-designed new ultradistal locking tools in the 92 patients from February 2015 to May 2016.The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time,frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy,and successful rate of one-time locking.Results There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in general clinical data(P ＞ 0.05),showing similarities of the 2 groups.The operation time(59.8 ±4.3 min),frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy(11.0 ± 2.1 times),and rate of one-time successful locking[94.4％ (238/252)] in the ultradistal locking group were significantly better than those in the conventional locking group [73.6 ± 5.3 min,23.0 ± 3.8 times and 85.7％ (180/210),respectively] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Our new ultradistal locking tools are superior to the conventional ones in that they lead to shorter operation time,less intraoperative fluoroscopy and higher successful rate of one-time locking.Additionally,the new locking tools are easy to handle and incur no extra costs.

Objective To investigate the medicinal plant group and resource of Sect. Euthya in Paris L. in Shaanxi Province. Methods Through literature analysis and interview survey, combined with line transect method, the medicinal plant group, the natural distribution and the status of medicinal plant group and resources about Sect. Euthya in the specific county territory in Shaanxi Province were investigated.Results According to related records about the medicinal plants of Sect. Euthya in Paris L. included P. polyphylla, var. stenophylla, var. apetala, and Paris fargesii var. petiolatain in Shaanxi Province. Based on field investigation, it was found that, the medicinal plants of Sect.Euthya in Paris L.also included five variations of P.polyphylla var.latifolia,var.apperdiculata,var. thibetica, var. chinensis, and var. yunnanensis, which were new distribution records. No var. apetala was found under field investigation. Most of the rhizomes of the Sect. Euthya plants were used as Chinese materia medica Paridis Rhizoma, with wide distribution and good growth condition. The natural resources of these plants are endangered. Conclusion In this study, two species and six variations in the Sect. Euthya are identified as new distribution records. Consequently, the medicinal plant distribution record of Paris L. in Shaanxi Province is complete. The natural resources are investigated, which have laid the foundation for further research, development and protection.