Objective:To investigate the influencing factors for orthostatic hypotension(OH)in elderly patients with hypertension.Methods:This was a case-control study.A total of 224 patients with hypertension aged over 65 years were included.After resting for more than 5 minutes, subjects had their blood pressures measured in the supine and standing position at 0 min, 1 min, 2 min and 3 min.OH was defined as a fall in systolic BP of more 20 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)and/or diastolic BP below 10 mmHg of baseline within 3 min in the upright position.Subjects were divided into the OH group( n=34)and the non-OH group( n=190). Baseline data, comorbidities and differences in medications were compare between the OH group and the non-OH group, and the influencing factors for OH were analyzed. Results:The proportion of drinkers was higher in the OH group than in the non-OH group(29.4% or 10/34 vs.7.4% or 14/190, χ2=14.649, P<0.01). Both systolic pressure(139.0±22.1 mmHg vs.124.5±16.3 mmHg, t=-3.661, P<0.01)and diastolic pressure(77.6±6.3 mmHg vs.69.2±9.0 mmHg, t=-6.696, P<0.01)in the supine position were higher in the OH group than in the non-OH group.The proportions of patients with diabetes(47.1% or 16/34 vs.25.3% or 48/190, χ2=6.731, P<0.05)and stroke(41.2% or 14/34 vs.24.2% or 46/190, χ2=4.233, P<0.05)were higher in the OH group than in the non-OH group.The proportion of patients receiving α receptor blockers was higher in the OH group than in the non-OH group(23.5% or 8/34 vs.4.2% or 8/190, χ2=16.228, P<0.01). After adjusting for factors such as alcohol consumption, diabetes, stroke and other differences between the OH and non-OH group, logistic regression found patients with alcohol intake( OR=5.274, 95% CI: 1.990~13.982, P<0.01), diabetes( OR=2.744, 95% CI: 1.213~6.208, P<0.05)and using α receptor blockers( OR=8.812, 95% CI: 2.835~27.383, P<0.01)had a higher risk of OH. Conclusions:OH is very common in elderly patients with hypertension.Alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus and the application of α receptor blockers can increase the risk of OH.

Objective: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at Tianshu (ST25) on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in sodium taurocholate-induced severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in rats. Methods: Sixty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group, SAP group and EA group. An SAP model was established by injecting 3.5% sodium taurocholate at a dose of 1 mL/kg through puncturing the pancreatic duct. In the EA group, EA at ST25 was performed with sparse-dense wave (2/100 Hz, 2 mA for 30 min) immediately after sodium taurocholate injection and 30 min before sacrifice. Rats were sacrificed at 3 (n=7), 6 (n=7) and 12 h (n=8) after operation. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 in serum were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pathological changes of pancreatic tissues were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and observed under a microscope and also scored. Results: The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 of SAP rats were significantly higher than those of sham-operation rats at 3, 6 and 12 h. The level of IL-10 in serum of SAP rats was significantly higher than that of sham-operation rats at 3 and 6 h (P<0.05). EA at ST25 down-regulated the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum and up-regulated the level of IL-10 and the ratio of IL-10/TNF-α, also attenuated the morphological damages at 6 and 12 h (P<0.05) in rats with SAP. The pathological scores of pancreatic tissues in the EA group were significantly less than those in the SAP group at 6 and 12 h (P<0.05). Conclusion: EA at ST25 may have a therapeutic effect on rats with SAP by down-regulating the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 and up-regulating the level of IL-10 to re-establish the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and to ameliorate the inflammatory response of SAP.

Adult ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Male ; Neurofibroma ; Vocal Cords ; pathology

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of individual operative design for unilateral cleft lip repair.Methods:Individual operation design was applied for the repair of unilateral cleft lip in 40 cases.The operations were conducted according the designs and the secondary nasal deformities were corrected at the same time.One week after operation,dermal sutures were removed,the effects were evaluated by 3 professional doctors.7 labial morphometric lines were measured.The ratio of the line length on healthy side to the correspondence on the cleft side(RLL)were calculated for objective evaluation.Results:First intention was found in all cases,the labial bow of both sides was symmetried after operation.In dynamic state and static state,the effects of the operations were satisfactory.RLL of 0.91-1.10 of the 7 lines was observed in 67.5%-95.0% of the patients.Conclusion:The individual operation design is feasible for unilateral cleft lip repair.

In August 2001, Chinese military released the "Diagnostic criteria, principles of principles of prophylaxis and treatment of military training injuries" for implementation in the armed forces for the first time in history. The "Criteria" standardizes the definitions of military training injuries, categorizes the various injuries with specific diagnostic criteria, and specifies the principles of their prevention and treatment. This paper gives a brief account of the main contents of the "Criteria", and reiterates the basis of designation of precuresor symptoms of various injuries which occur during military training. The paper points out that the army officers should revise the training plan in regard to its contents, duration and intensity timely, if the additive ratio of limb pain and joint swelling reaches 20% and 10%, respectively, during the 3rd-4th training week. During the period of implementation, the "Criteria" has shown to be practical and easy to operate. It has not only provided standardized technical bases for the case reports, stastistics, clinical investigations, and popularization of technics, but also provided a reliable and comparable theoretical foundation to the officers to formulate training protocols. Furthermore, because of the application of the principles of prevention and treatment of injuries during training as documented in the text, as well as psychological education has been emphasized, the incidence of military training injury has been lowered markedly. Through epidemiological study in 10 different army groups, it has been shown that the yearly add up ratios have been lowered from 30%-45% to below 10%.

Objective:To explore the genotype distribution of lipoprotein lipase polymorphism at Pvu Ⅱ locus and its possible association with serum lipid levels, body mass index (BMI) and dietary intake. Method:Pvu II polymorphism was determined by PCR-PFLP method in 156 adults with hyperlipidemia and 154 adults with normal serum lipid levels as control in Shanghai. Their physical examinations, dietary investigation and the levels of serum lipid profile, including TG, TC, HDL and LDL were analyzed. Results: ⑴ There was no significant difference in frequencies of genotypes or allele between the hyperlipidemia and the control, and between male and female. ⑵ BMI were significantly different between P-P-and P+P+, P+P-genotype groups. The BMI of subjects with genotype P+P+ had the highest levels. The relationship was significant after adjusting several confounding factors such as age, gender and blood lipid (P

Objective To clarify the relationship of p63 and CD44 expressions with age and ultraviolet irradiation in the process of skin aging.Methods Full-thickness skin samples were obtained from the normal skin at different sites,including 44 sun-exposed sites(face,neck,dorsal aspect of the forearm),46 sun-protected sites(abdomen,thigh),and 31 semi-exposed sites(back,flexor aspect of the forearm,upper arm,leg),of 121 volunteers(63 males and 58 females).Of all the volunteers,55 were 10 t0 30 vears of age (young),41 were 31 to 50 years of age(adult),and 25 were 51 to 79 years of age(old).Immunohistochemisty using antibodies to p63 and CD44 was applied to detect the expression of p63 and CD44 in these specimens.Imaging analysis software was utilized to calculate the percentage of p63-expressing cells in basal layer as well as the expression level of p63 and CD44.Results In stratum basale,the percentage of p63-expressing cells decreased with age(r=-0.218,P＜0.05),but showed no significant difference among sun-exposed skin,semi-exposed skin and sun-protected skin(P＞0.05).The correlation between the expression intensity of epidermal p63 and age was negative in sun-exposed sites(r=-0.389,P=0.010),positive in sun-protected sites(r=0.341,P＜0.05).but non-significant in semi-exposed sites(P＞0.05).With regard to the expression of epidermal p63,no significant difference was observed among sun-exposed sites,sun-protected sites and semi-exposed sites in volunteers aged from 10 to 30 years.while in those aged from 31 to 50 years and from 51 to 79 years.sun-protected sites was significantly higher than semi-exposed sites followed by sun-exposed sites(all P＜0.05).There was a weak correlation between the expression intensity of epidermal CD44 and age(r=-0.083,P＜0.05),but no significant difierence was noted among the three kinds of sites(P＞0.05).Conclusions In stratum basale,the percentage of p63.expressing cells and the expression intensity Of CD44 negatively correlate with age,but have no correlation with ultraviolet irradiation.In individuals aged from 31 to 50 years and from 51 t0 79 vears.the expression of epidermal p63 decreases with the accumulation of sun-exposure.

The microbial flora of fungi,bacterial and actinomycetes in full autotrophic ammonium removal reactor and activated sludge was analyzed,and the amount of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was also compared.The result showed that the population,species,species number and dominates of microorganisms in full autotrophic ammonium removal reactor were different from that in activated sludge.In full autotrophic ammonium removal reactor,the amount of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was increased remarkably which indicated that the accumulation of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was a remarkable feature of full autotrophic ammonium removal system.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) on regulation of intestinal inflammatory reaction in rats with acute pancreatitis.

METHODSFifty-four SD rats were randomly divided into a severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group, an electroacupuncture (EA) group and a sham-operation (SO) group, 18 cases in each group. 3.5% sodium cholate was used to made SAP model by retrograde injecting in cholangiopancreatic duct. After the success of model making, the EA group was treated with EA at bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) for 30 min. The SO group and the SAP group were fixed at the same time for 30 min without treatment. All the rats were killed at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after modeling in batches. The pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and intestinal epithelium were observed, and the expression of small intestinal occludin protein and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.

RESULTSThe pathologic score and the expression of small intestinal NF-kappaB p65 at 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after modeling in the EA group and the SO group were significantly lower than those in the SAP group (all P < 0.05), and the expression of small intestinal occludin protein in the EA group and the SO group were significantly higher than that in the SAP group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) can alleviate pancreatic injury by reducing the expression of NF-kappaB p65 and enhancing the expression of occludin protein in the intestinal epithelium in the SAP model rats.

Acupuncture Points ; Acute Disease ; therapy ; Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; metabolism ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Occludin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pancreatitis ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; microbiology ; Pharyngitis ; microbiology ; Syphilis ; Treponema pallidum