Objective To evaluate whether the serum uric acid (SUA) levels are related to development of prediabetes. Methods This was a 6-year cohort study, subjects were recruited from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Health Management Center. A prospective assessment (n=30 910) was performed. Subjects without a history of prediabetes were followed up for 6 years (with a median follow-up of 2.7 person-years). All relevant variables including SUA concentrations, and fasting plasma glucose were assessed at baseline and yearly during the follow-up. Prediabetes was defined in accordance with the American Diabetes Association criteria of 2014. Multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were fitted to assess relationships between the quintiles of baseline SUA and the incidence of prediabetes. Results The incidence of prediabetes was 55 per 1 000 person-years. In comparison with subjects in the lowest quintile, the odds ratios and hazard ratio (95%confidence interval) of higher quintile of SUA were 1.04 (0.93, 1.15), 1.07 (0.95, 1.19), 1.13 (1.01, 1.28) and 1.15 (1.02, 1.30) (P for trend=0.01), respectively, after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion SUA levels predicted an increased risk of prediabetes in adults.

Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

Objective To analyze the difference in computed tomography (CT) imaging findings between pulmonary alveolar pneumoconiosis Methods proteinosis (PAP) and occupational pneumoconiosis (hereinafter referred to as ). A total of 44 patients with PAP (PAP group) and 44 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were selected as study subjects using Results convenient sampling method. The CT images of these two groups were comparatively analyzed. The detection rates of - - pulmonary CT pattern changes such as map like performance, ground glass opacity, paving stone sign and sphenoid wing like vs vs changes of pulmonary hilum in the PAP group were higher than those in the pneumoconiosis group (77.3% 0.0%, 75.0% vs vs P 2.3%, 56.8% 0.0%, 18.2% 0.0%, all <0.01); the detection rates of lymphadenopathy and calcification of pulmonary hilum, small pulmonary nodules, emphysema and interlobular septal thickening were lower in the PAP group than those in the vs vs vs vs P Conclusion pneumoconiosis group (34.1% 100.0%, 4.5% 100.0%, 2.3% 45.4%, 0.0% 22.7%, all <0.01). Paving - stone sign and map like performance were most commonly found in the CT imaging of patients with PAP, and it is uncommon in pneumoconiosis. These changes could be used as the CT differential diagnosis of the two diseases.

OBJECTIVETo study the genotype frequencies of peroxisome proliferators-activated -receptors-gamma C161-->T gene and its possible association with the metabolic syndrome and dietary intakes.

METHODSThe PCR-PFLP method was used to detect the polymorphism of PPARgammaC161-->T gene of 224 adults with metabolic syndrome and 224 normal adults in Shanghai. Their physical examinations, dietary investigation and the serum biochemistry were analyzed.

RESULTS(1) The genotype frequencies of PPARgamma C161-->T CC, CT and TT were 32.4%, 49.6% and 18.0% respectively, which were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There was no significant difference in the distribution of genotypes or allele between the metabolic syndrome group and the control group, and the result was the same between male and female subjects. (2) The levels of body mass index,waist width and hip width were significantly different among three genotypes groups. Subjects of the CT genotype had the highest levels. (3) There was significant difference in the negative correlation with the intake of protein and serum TG levels in the metabolic syndrome group.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggested PPARgamma gene C161-->T should be associated with body mass index, waist width and hip width. It might contribute to the heterogeneity in diet response to TG.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Causality ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Diet ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; genetics ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral endotracheal intubation in the patients with difficult laryngoscopy undergoing general anesthesia.

METHODSA total of 1 683 patients with difficult laryngoscopy, aged 1.5-67 yr, and scheduled for the elective plastic surgery were observed in this study from 1989-1997. All these patients were at American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I. According to the preoperative predictive results for difficult laryngoscopy, we classified these patients into two groups: Group I included 1 375 patients, whose epiglottis could be viewed (laryngoscopic view grades II and III); and Group II, included 308 patients, whose epiglottis could not be viewed (laryngoscopic view grade IV). For group I, anesthesia was induced with thiopentone 4-5 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg; Laryngoscopy was carried out using modified Macintosh method. For Group II, anesthesia was induced with a total intravenous anesthesia or inhaled anesthesia; anesthetic depth was required to effectively inhibit laryngeal reflexes with reservation of spontaneous breathing. Tracheal intubation was performed by fiberoptic stylet laryngoscope (FOSL). During anesthesia induction and tracheal intubation procedures, electrocardiogram, arterial pressure, heart rate and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) were continuously monitored. Complications of intubation (arrhythmia, and so on) were observed and recorded. Immediately after laryngoscopy and successful intubation, patients were examined for any traumatic injuries at teeth, lips, tongue, and oropharyngeal tissues.

RESULTSIn group I, tracheal intubation was accomplished by the first attempt in 1 279 cases (93.0%) and the intubation time was less than 3 min in 1 304 cases (94.8%). In group II, tracheal intubation was accomplished by the first attempt in 114 patients (37.0%), and 123 patients (39.9%) had the intubation time of less than 3 min. Tracheal intubation was successful by the second or third attempt in 96 patients of group I and 156 patients of group II, respectively. Thirty-eight patients required four or more attempts, which only occurred in group II. Of all the complications of tracheal intubation, the traumatic complications were most common. The incidences of traumatic complications in the patients with laryngoscopic view grade II, III (group I ) and IV (group II) were 0.7%, 3.9% and 14.3%, respectively. Other complications such as respiratory depression were only seen in group II. A pooled incidence of the intubation complications was 6.7% (113/1 683).

CONCLUSIONAn anesthesiologist who is skillful in difficult airway management may safely manage the airway in the patients with difficult laryngoscopy under general anesthesia.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia, General ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dyspnea ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Laryngoscopy ; Lip ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; injuries

OBJECTIVETo investigate a new surgical method to treat unilateral limb lymphedem after radical mastectomy.

METHODS10 cases of upper limb lymphedema after radical mastectomy were treated using flap transfer (the lateral thoracic skin flap or latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap combined with liposuction).

RESULTSAfter the treatment, the upper limb perimeter reduced in varied degrees. Nuclear lymphatic radiography showed notable changes in lymphatic circulation. The effective results were steady during the follow-up of 3-18 months.

CONCLUSIONFlap transplantation combined with liposuction is a useful treatment for limb lymphedema from radical mastectomy.

Breast Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lipectomy ; Lymphedema ; etiology ; surgery ; Mastectomy, Radical ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps

OBJECTIVETo identify the relationship of adiponectin and the components of metabolic syndrome (MS).

METHODSCluster random sampling was applied in two districts of Shanghai. Two communities were selected. After investigating and physical examination, 235 MS subjects were obtained. Correlation analysis and principle components regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between adiponectin and components of MS (waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid).

RESULTSAdiponectin in male was (2.82 +/- 1.73) microg/ml, lower than in female [(5.12 +/- 3.51) microg/ml] with statistical difference (Z = -5.25, P = 0.00). Adiponectin levels [(4.38 +/- 3.23) microg/ ml] correlated with abdominal obesity, including waist circumference [(93.37 +/- 7.76) cm] (r(s) = - 0.18, t(r) = -2.79, P = 0.01) and waist hip ratio (0.91 +/- 0.05) (r(s) = -0.28, t(r) = -4.44, P = 0.00), but did not correlate significantly with body mass index (BMI) [(26.85 +/- 3.10) kg/m2] (r(s) = -0.10, t(r) = - 1.45, P = 0. 15). Adiponectin correlated negatively with insulin resistance related indexes, including fasting glucose [(5.48 +/- 1.72) mmol/L] (r(s) = -0.13, t(r) = -2.00, P = 0.05), fasting insulin [(11.52 +/- 5.34) mU/L] (r(s) = -0. 15, t(r) = - 2.31, P = 0.02), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (2.90 +/- 2.07) (r(s) = -0.17, t(r) = -2.63, P = 0.01) and triglyceride [(2.11 +/- 1.24) mmol/L] (r(s) = -0.24, t(r) = -3.77, P = 0.00). The correlations were not observed between adiponectin with total cholesterol [(5.01 +/- 1.19) mmol/L] ( r(s) = -0.05, t(r) = -0.78, P = 0.44), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) [(1.21 +/- 0.32) mmol/L] (r(s) = 0.06, t(r) = 0.93, P = 0.36), systolic blood pressure [(131.40 +/- 14.93) mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa] (r(s) = -0.02, t(r) = -0.34, P = 0.73) and diastolic blood pressure [(86.77 +/- 9.14)mm Hg] (r(s) = -0.02, t(r) = -0.27, P = 0.78).

CONCLUSIONAdiponectin should correlate negatively with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance, but not directly correlate with blood pressure in MS.

Adiponectin ; blood ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; China ; Cluster Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; blood ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Obesity, Abdominal ; epidemiology ; Principal Component Analysis ; Young Adult

Medicinal animals are important part of Traditional Chinese medicine resources in China. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was selected as the standard DNA barcoding sequence for animal medical materials. In this study, the 51 animal species from 45 animal medical materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia were selected and the intra-specific variation and the inter-specific divergence, the barcoding gap, the identification efficiency of their COI sequences were analyzed. The results showed that the inter-specific divergence is higher than intra-specific distance. The barcoding gap existed between inter-specific sequence divergence and intra-specific dis-tance. The identification efficiencies were 100% both at the genus and species level except the Arthropoda. The cluster dendrogram exhibited that different species distinguished from others. Therefore, COI sequence as a bar-code is suitable to identify the species of animal medical materials in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Objective To develop a new algorithm to reconstruct the distribution of acoustic sources of magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction(MAT-MI)in the acoustic inhomogeneous media,which is developed on the basis of generalized finite element method (GFEM) and modified time inversion algorithm. Methods The acoustic and acoustic coupling theory and the basic equations of acoustics were used to study the forward and inverse problems of the acoustic inhomogeneous concentric sphere magneticacoustic coupling model. The solution of acoustic non-uniform media wave equation based on GFEM was proposed.The method solved the problem of acoustically inhomogeneous media sound source reconstruction and conductivity reconstruction.At the same time,the distribution of velocity was reconstructed by rotating the pairs of transducers and the time reversal algorithm. Results The proposed algorithm could accurately reconstruct the acoustic source distribution in acoustic inhomogeneous media,and could obtain the distribution of sound velocity during the reconstruction of sound source and recover the image well. Conclusion The proposed algorithm had its feasibility and effectiveness verified,and gains advantages in MAT-MI reconstruction of acoustic inhomogeneous media.