Alkaloids ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Harringtonines

Objective To explore the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases-1(MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) in sternomastoid muscle and explore the pathogenesis of sternomastoid muscle fibrosis in congenital fibra muscular torticollis in children.Methods The hyperplastic state of collagen fiber were determine by Masson collagen stainning method and muscular torticollis and fibra torticollis was differed,obtained 22 cases of the fibra torticollis group.Immunohistochemical method was used to determine the expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in sternomastoid muscle of fibra torticollis and compared them with 6 cases of control group.Results By the immunohistochemical method,the expression of MMP-1 in the experiment group significantly decreased than that in control group(P0.05).Conclusion In congenital fibra torticollis,the sternomastoid muscle fibrosis is related to the decrease of MMP-1.

Objective To summarize the incidence and treatment experience of the effectiveness and adverse reactions of the different immunosuppressive protocols and to increase the long-term survival rate in kidney recipients. Methods Single-center retrospective analysis was performed on 3102 cases of kidney transplant recipients in effectiveness and adverse reactions of different immunosuppressive protocols. The immunosuppressive protocols were as follows: CsA + Aza + Pred,low dose CsA + MMF + Pred, low dose Tac + MMF + Pred, low dose CsA + SRL + Pred, and low dose Tac+ SRL+ Pred. Results The 1-, 5-, 10-year survival rate of patients/kidney in low dose CsA + MMF + Pred protocol was higher than that in CsA + Aza + Pred protocol. The incidence of adverse reactions, such as hypertension, hyperuricemia, kidney and liver toxicity, and leukopenia was significantly lower, but the incidence of diarrhea was significantly higher in CsA + MMF + Pred protocol than in CsA + Aza + Pred protocol (all P＜0. 01). The incidence of hyperglycemia was significantly higher (P＜0. 05), and that of hairy and gingival hyperplsia was significantly lower (P＜0. 05) in low dose Tac+ MMF+ Pred than in low dose CsA+ MMF+ Pred protocol. The incidence of hyperlipidemia in low dose CsA (or Tac)+ SRL + Pred was significantly higher than in CsA (or Tac)+ MMF+ Pred protocol (P＜0. 05). The incidence of hirsutism in low dose Tac + SRL + Pred was significantly lower than that in CsA + SRL + Pred protocol (P ＜ 0. 05). The incidence of hyperglycemia in low dose Tac + SRL + Pred was significantly higher than that in low dose CsA + SRL + Pred protocol. Conclusion The triple drug protocol with a low dose of CsA (or Tac)+ MMF+ Pred significantly improved the survival of renal transplant recipients and graft, and reduced the incidence of adverse reactions, especially Tae + MMF + Pred protocol. Adjustment of the immunosuppressant dosage and protocol, improvement of eating habits, exercise, reduction of blood pressure, reduction of blood lipid, and control of blood glucose were particularly important in preventing and controlling adverse reactions during kidney transplantation.

4-Hydroxybenzoate (4HBA) is an important chemical compound used for synthesis of liquid crystal. Production of 4HBA from renewable resources is an effective mean to solve problems such as environmental pollution and petroleum shortage. This review briefly introduces the chemical synthesis of 4HBA from oil compounds, and mainly describes the progress in 4HBA biosynthesis from renewable resources by plants and microorganisms. In most intriguing aspect of plant-based synthesis of 4HBA is the appeal of directly synthesizing a chemical from CO2. However, the glucosylation system in plant cells converting 4HBA to glucose conjugates, causing the post treatment a problem. The recombinant microorganisms produce pure 4HBA, but less efficient. A new strain of Microbulbifer has ability to naturally accumulate 4HBA from glucose. Elucidation of the metabolic pathways and regulation systems would improve 4HBA synthesis efficiency.
Alteromonadaceae ; metabolism ; Glucose ; chemistry ; Glycosylation ; Industrial Microbiology ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Parabens ; metabolism ; Plants ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)level and the 131Ⅰahsorbante of thyroid nodule in patients with struma nadosa,to search for simpler and safer methods for differentiating thyroid nodule.Methods Detecting the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule by radioisotope scanning.then the patients were divided into warm and cold nodule groups,and the normal control group was also set up;the levels of IGF-1,FT3,FT4,sTSH were detected in serum of patients with struma nadosa by radio immunoassay,then the correlation between these data and the 131Ⅰabsorbance of thyroid nodule was analyzed.Results In the patients with warnl nodule,the level of serum IGF-1,FT3,FT4 and the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule[(315.86±22.74)μg/L,(9.95±5.62),(67.27±27.31)ng/L,0.64±0.17]were increased obviously when compared with the control group [(256.13±39.85)μg/L,(2.80±1.30),(13.51±5.50)ng/L,0.35±0.15],but the sTSH[(0.35±0.03)mU/L]went down significantly than the control group[(2.71±1.17)mU/L],the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.01).In the patients with cold nodule,the level of serum IGF-1,FT3,FT4,sTSH[(263.17±30.23)μg/L,(2.89±0.98),(14.23±2.84)ng/L,(2.81±0.42)mU/L] had no significant difference compared with the control group(P＞0.05).The level of serum IGF-1 was positively correlated with the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule(r＝0.835,P＜0.01),but negtively correlated with sTSH(r＝-0.326,P＜0.05)in the patients with warm nodule.Conclusion The level of sernm IGF-1 is closely correlated with the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule in patients with struma nadosa.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of renal transplant from donation after citizen's death (DCD) donors with acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods This was an observational retrospective study of 622 patients who underwent renal transplantation from 312 DCD donors' kidneys at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from December 2011 to December 2016.The transplant patients were divided into AKI group and non-AKI group according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria based on initial and terminal creatinine values.We evaluated and compared transplant outcomes of these two groups.Results There were 131 donors with AKI,and the incidence of AKI was 42.0 ％.AKI group and non-AKI group recipients respectively had DGF in 20.2％ and 7.2％ of cases (P＜0.01),153.6 ± 56.2 and 119.3 ± 40.7 μmol/L of serum creatinine (SCr) levels at 1st month (P＜0.01),and 38.5 ± 14.1 and 57.6 ± 23.4 ml· min-1 (1.73 m2)-1 of eGFR at 1st month (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in SCr and eGFR between two groups at 1st year after transplantation.Conclusion Most of kidneys from DCD donors with AKI can be considered for transplantation.Renal transplantation of organs from DCD donors with AKI showed greater DGF but good outcomes.

Objective To assess the risk factors of postphlebitic syndrome(PS)after deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. Method In this study,102 DVT patients managed by conservative therapy were recruited.Data including age,sex,etiopathogenesis,anticoagulation,pathogenesis, elasticstocking therapy,degree of lower extremity exercise,INR,WBC,PT%and FIB were analyzed by single factor analysis and COX analysis. Result PS developed in 67.60%cases,single factor analysis shows:sex(P=0.025),anticoagulation(P=0.000),elastic-stocking therapy(P=0.000),degree of lower extremity exercises(P=0.000),INR(P=0.033),WBC(P=0.012),PT%(P=0.000),FIB(P=0.002)are related to the occurrence of PS.COX regression shows that anticoagulation(P=0.011),the degree of lower extremity exercise(P=0.019),elastic-stocking therapy(P=0.000)are related to PS.Age (P=0.299),etiopathogenisis(P=0.838)and pathogenesis(P=0.2 17)are not statistically PS related.Conclusion DVT is a multi-factors related disease.Multivariant analysis revealed that elastic-stocking (P=0.000),anticoagulation(P=0.011)and the degree of lower extremity exercises(P=0.019)are related to the development of PS.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) determination in CD4+ cells in cytomegalovirus pneumonia after renal transplantation.Methods The ATP level of CD4+ T cells was measured by ImmuKnowTM kit.The ATP levels were determined in 187 renal transplant recipients before and 30,60,90,180 days after operation,and at the time of CMV pneumonia and 4 weeks after treatment of CMV pneumonia.The associations between ATP levels and CMV pneumonia were analyzed.Analysis of variance (ANOVA),Pearson-Spearman and relative risks were used for data analysis.Results 17 cases out of 187 renal transplant recipients were diagnosed as CMV pneumonia (9.1％),and the onset of CMV pneumonia started on the (2.8 ±1.2)month after renal transplantation.ATP concentrations in CD4+ T cells were significantly lower after operation than those before operation (P＜0.01).ATP concentrations reached the lowest on the about postoperative day 90 (P＜0.05),then increased gradually.In 17 recipients with CMV pneumonia,the ATP levels before and 30,90 days after operation,at the time of CMV pneumonia and 4th week after treatment of CMV pneumonia were (376 ±182),(283 ± 146),(196 ± 112),(145 ± 102) and (236 ± 117) μg/L respectively.ATP levels at the time of CMV pneumonia were significantly lower than any other time points (P＜0.05).There was close correlation between ATP levels and CMV pneumonia.Conclusion The determination of ATP in CD4+ cells could reflect the status of cell-mediated immunity in renal transplant recipients,and could evaluate the severity and prognosis of CMV pneumonia and guide the clinical treatment.

Objectives To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of 14-3-3 protein in brains of patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(sCJD).Methods 14-3-3 protein was immunohistochemically analyzed in tissue from the frontal lobe of 5 patients with sCJD and 4 non-CJD eases Using 14-3-3 ?and ?antibodies with reference to the results of KB,GFAP and PrP detection.Results The expressions of 14-3-3 protein in five brains of sCJD were more obviously,mostly in gray matters and astrocytes in three cases.The concentration was related to PrP deposition type,but not related to prion protein genotype.Except few expression of 14-3-3 protein in neurous of two cases of acute contusion,there were no expression in the other two cases in control group.Conclusions The expression of 14-3-3 protein in brain is useful to pathological diagnosis of CJD.

Objective To assess the influences of low-protein diet on the renal function and nutritional status in patients with stage 3/4 chronic kidney diseases (CKD).Methods Totally 34 patients with stage 3/4 CKD were randomly divided into group A (protein intake:0.6 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1);n=14) and B (protein intake:0.8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1);n=20).Anthropometric measurement and blood biochemical tests were performed,nutri-tional status was assessed,and 24-hour dietary recall survey was conducted before and after the treatment.Patients were followed up for 6 months.Results In group A,the creatinine level significantly decreased (P=0.010),while albumin level (P=0.042) and the intake of energy (P=0.018) and carbohydrate (P<0.001) signifi-cantly increased after the treatment In all the 34 patients,in group A and group B,the malnutrition rates were de-creased by 14.7%,7.2%,and 21.1% after nutritional intervention.Conclusion The low-protein diet (protein intake 0.6 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)),in which part of the staple food was replaced by wheat starch,can increase the in-takes of carbohydrate and energy and improve renal function and nutritional status in patients with stage 3/4 CKD.