Iridoid glycosides were the main active ingredient of Rehmannia glutinosa, of which catalpol has the highest content. This work will provide theoretical basis for metabolic study and cultivation of iridoids on the basis of the dynamic accumulation of catalpol and total iridoids in the growth of R. glutinosa. The samples of rehmannia 85-5 were gathered in the same filed from July to October. The contents of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides were measured by HPLC and specteophotometric, respectively. The results showed that youngest leaves had the higher content of catalpol and total iridoid glyosides than that of the other two leaf ages in the same growth stage from July to September, while their content of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides were all decreased as the growth of leaves of R. glutinosa. The content of catalpol didn't differ significantly from July to September, whereas it has significantly increased in October in the three leaf stage. In the same stage, the wider the root diameter is, the higher content of the effective components are. In August and September, the total iridoid glycosides have the fastest accumulation. The content of catalpol was increased as the accumulation of total iridoid glycosides.
Iridoid Glucosides ; metabolism ; Iridoids ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; metabolism ; Rehmannia ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seasons ; Water ; metabolism

Paeoniflorin is the main active ingredient of Chinese herbaceous peony. This study is to investigate the protective effect of paeoniflorin (Pae) on acute brain damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. The mice were randomly assigned to the normal control, model control (LPS), as well as groups of paeoniflorin and lipopolysaccharide (Pae + LPS). Then the mice were administered intraperitioneally with normal saline or Pae (10, 30 mg · kg(-1)) once daily for 6 d. One hour after intrapertioneally treatment on the seventh day, each group were injected LPS (5 mg · kg(-1)) to establish the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide inflammation model except the normal group. The mice were sacrificed after 6 h and the brain homogenates were prepared and measured. The malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), succinatedehydrogenase (SDH), Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase were dectected by the colorimetric method. The levels of HO-1 and Nrf2 protein in subcellular fractions of brain tissue were detected by Western blot. The results demonstrated that the administration with paeoniflorin reduced the levels of the MDA production; significantly increase the activities of antioxidant enzyme (SOD and GSH-PX). In addition, paeoniflorin could enhance the total antioxidant capacity, decrease the level of H2O2, and increase the activities of SDH, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATPase. Furthermore, paeoniflorin can increase the expression of HO-1 and activate the nuclear transfer of Nrf2. Taking together, these findings suggest that paeoniflorin alleviate the acute inflammation in mice brain damage induced by LPS, which is related with its antioxidant effect and improvement of energy metabolism.
Animals ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; genetics ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Monoterpenes ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the echocardiographic features and clinical significance of prenatal diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). Methods Fetal echocardiographic images of 13 fetuses with TAPVC conifrmed by pathology or postnatal echocardiography were reviewed. Echocardiographic features and clinical signiifcance of prenatal diagnosis of TAPVC were summarized. Results Twelve fetuses with TAPVC were diagnosed prenatally by fetal echocardiography, including seven cases of supracardiac type, three cases of infracardiac type and two cases of intracardiac type. The common echocardiographic characteristics of 12 fetuses with TAPVC included slightly size discrepancy of left heart and right heart, large foramen ovale with increased shunting at the atrial level, increased distance between left atrium (LA) and descending aorta, absent insertions of pulmonary veins in the LA, presence of pulmonary venous conlfuence on the top of LA and dilatation of vessels where pulmonary venous conlfuence drained. One case was missed prenatally and intracardiac type TAPVC was diagnosed by postnatal echocardiography. Among the 13 cases, three were isolated and the other ten were all in association with other abnormalities. Conclusions There are fetal echocardiographic characteristics of TAPVC. Fetal echocardiography plays an important role in prenatal diagnosis of TAPVC.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Embolism, Fat ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

This review is a summary of some useful methods and advances about improving clinical applications to small-diameter vascular grafts in recent years, and it points out the developing orientation of small-diameter vascular grafts in the future.
Bioartificial Organs ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Tissue Engineering ; Vascular Grafting

Glucocorticoids/urine* ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Marathon Running ; Saliva/chemistry* ; alpha-Amylases/analysis*

Objective:To analyze therapeutic effect of amiodarone combined RAS inhibitors on hypertensive patients with atrial fibrillation(AF),and its influence on serum levels of uric acid(SUA)and silent information regulator 2-related enzymes 1(SIRT1).Methods:A total of 186 hypertensive patients with AF were selected from our hospital. They were randomly and equally divided into amiodarone group(group A),amiodarone + telmisartan group(A+T group)and amiodarone + ramipril group(A+ R group).Left atrial diameter(LAD),P wave dispersion(Pd),lev-els of high sensitive C reactive protein(hsCRP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and SUA,SIRT1 mRNA and pro-tein expression and blood pressure variability(BPV)were observed and compared among three groups before and 45d after treatment.Results:Compared with before treatment,there were significant improvement in all index ex-cept SUA after treatment in three groups,P=0.001 all;compared with group A after treatment,there were signif-icant reductions in 24hSBPV[(0.112 ± 0.022)vs.(0.092 ± 0.020)vs.(0.091 ± 0.021)],24hDBPV[(0.143 ±0.031)vs.(0.130 ± 0.040)vs.(0.129 ± 0.039)],levels of hsCRP[(8.3 ± 0.3)mg/L vs.(5.3 ± 0.6)mg/L vs. (3.6 ± 0.4)mg/L],BNP[(64.9 ± 9.4)ng/dl vs.(61.1 ± 7.6)ng/dl vs.(58.2 ± 8.3)ng/dl]and SUA[(498.85 ± 89.54)μmol/L vs.(298.54 ± 56.12)μmol/L vs.(278.32 ± 54.09)μmol/L],SIRT1 mRNA[(2.20 ± 0.34)%vs.(1.87 ± 0.30)% vs.(1.76 ± 0.31)%]and protein[(29.54 ± 8.12)% vs.(26.31 ± 7.43)% vs.(23.21 ± 6.90)%]expression in A+T group and A+ R group,P<0.05 or <0.01. Compared with group A,there were sig-nificant rise in Pd[(39.3 ± 4.2)ms vs.(40.9 ± 4.1)ms,(41.2 ± 5.1)ms],and significant reduction in LAD [(37.8 ± 3.4)mm vs.(35.1 ± 4.6)mm,(35.7 ± 4.5)mm]in A+T group and A+R group,P<0.05 or <0.01. Conclusion:Amiodarone combined RAS inhibitors can significantly improve blood pressure variability,and reduce inflammatory factor,SUA and serum SIRT1 level in hypertensive patients with AF.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy of combined amiodarone and irbesartan use versus amiodarone alone on maintaining sinus rhythm in rheumatic heart disease patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) post valve replacement and cardioversion.

METHODSPatients were randomly divided into amiodarone group (A, n = 31) and amiodarone plus irbesartan group (AI, n = 32) and all patients received Warfarin (INR 2.0 - 3.0). For patients in group A, intravenous amiodarone (600 mg/d) was applied for 10 days and oral amiodarone (200 mg, b.i.d.) was given on the 7th day for 3 days. For patients in group AI, irbesartan (150 mg/d) was added on top of amiodarone at the study begin. Electric cardioversion was performed for patients still with AF on day 10. Amiodarone (200 mg, b.i.d. for 1 week, then 200 mg, q.d. till study end) with or without irbesartan (150 mg/d) was continued thereafter. Patients were followed up for 12 months after sinus rhythm recovery. The primary end points are first recurrence of symptomatic and asymptomatic AF.

RESULTSTwelve months post therapy, number of patients on sinus rhythm was significantly higher (68.7% vs. 41.9%, P<0.05) and left atrium diameter (LAD) was significantly smaller [(48.6 +/- 4.6) mm vs. (51.5 +/- 4.2) mm, P<0.05] in group AI than those in group A. LAD (OR 1.242) and use of irbesartan (OR 0.226) are associated with the AF recurrence.

CONCLUSIONCombined amiodarone and irbesartan use is superior to amiodarone alone for maintaining sinus rhythm in rheumatic heart disease patients with persistent AF post valve replacement and cardioversion.

Adult ; Amiodarone ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; therapeutic use ; Atrial Fibrillation ; drug therapy ; Biphenyl Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; drug therapy ; Tetrazoles ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate characteristics of treating dislocation and fracture of sacroiliac joint through anterior and posterior approaches.

METHODSBetween January 2006 and September 2012, 39 patients with dislocations and fractures of sacroiliac joint were treated with operation. There were 28 males and 11 females, aged 12 to 64 (mean, 41.3) years old. Seventeen cases were chosen through anterior approach, 13 cases through posterior and 9 cases were combined with anterior and posterior approaches. The anterior approach were made with supine position, performed open reduction, and two plates with 4 holes were used as internal fixation for arthrodesis of sacroiliac joint after reduction; while posterior approach prone position, close or open reduction was performed, and one or two partial thread lag screws, which with 7.3 mm in diameter and 60 to 75 mm in length, were penetrated via sacroiliac joint for fixation under X-ray. Postoperative complications were observed, Matta and Majeed scoring were used to evaluated currative effects.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 36 months. The patient could sit on the bed 2 to 4 weeks after surgery and walk with a crane 6 weeks' later. No breakage or loosening of screw occurred during follow-up. In all but one case with old sacral iliac fractures reducted poor, others obtained good opposition. According to Matta's criteria, 30 cases got excellent results, 8 good and 1 fair. According to Majeed's funtional standard, 14 patients got excellent results, 20 good 4 fair and 1 poor.

CONCLUSIONTreating dislocation and fracture of sacroiliac joint through anterior and posterior approaches can obtain good effects. However, anatomic location, fracture types, degree of displacement, the rate of preoperational reduction, vulnerability assessment of operation and fixation strength should be considered.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Screws ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sacroiliac Joint ; injuries ; surgery ; Young Adult

To clone mouse phage antibodies against H-Y antigen from a phage antibody library, three cycles of affinity enrichment of the mouse phage antibody library with male spleen cells and two cycles of nonspecific absorption with female spleen cells were performed. The presence of mouse Fab on the phage surface was determined by ELISA and sequence analysis. 9 of 15 strains can bind to male spleen cells with the specific activity. Recombination rate of the phage antibody library clones is 60%. Sequence analysis of the PCR products of plasmid DNA of E5 clones show VH and Vkappa had common characteristics shared by other known variable region of antibodies. The mouse phage Fab antibody could be used for identifying H-Y antigen, and for the development of sex determination of early embryos in mammals.
Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; H-Y Antigen ; analysis ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; genetics ; immunology ; Isoantibodies ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Library