Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Melanoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

By using the method of philology, 65 Hui prescriptions for treating cough were been collected to compare Arabic and Chinese names of pennisetum, anemarrhenae, honey, pease, white mustard, perilla and towel gourd stem. The Countif function in Microsoft Excel 2007 was used to count frequency of drugs in the prescriptions and summarize eight common Hui medicine for treating cough, namely sugar, honey, almond, fritillaria, liquorice, orange peel, white mulberry root-bark and lily. According to the commonly used drugs, philological studies and theories of Hui medicines, pathology and therapy of Hui medicines for treating cough were preliminarily inferred. In this study, 35 practical prescriptions and 30 simple and convenient Halal dietary prescriptions were summarized from collected prescriptions according to relevant literatures. On the basis of the long-lasting unique dietary therapy culture developed for Hui people, the simple and practical dietary prescriptions were defined according indications, therapy, prescription name and composition, and eight types of drug-admixed foods were summarized to relieve pains and improve health awareness and quality of life. Meanwhile, this study could also enrich and perfect the prescriptions, provide new ideas for improving health of patients, and lay a certain realistic foundation for further study of Hui medicines.
China ; ethnology ; Cough ; drug therapy ; ethnology ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Studying the essence of syndromes (Zheng) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a fundamental challenge in basic theoretical research of TCM. The relationship between any given syndrome and biochemical indicators is one of the important aspects of the study. As the indexes selected in each study are specific to a particular Western medical disease diagnosis, and the disease factor is inevitably introduced into the study, the effect of disease factor on the index changes cannot be assessed effectively by traditional data processing methods. This is known as "the same syndrome with different reasons", which has resulted in confusion in TCM research. This study aimed at providing a mathematical tool to address this issue. Based on information theory and the residual-split method, the syndrome information, which was covered in the index variation, was quantitatively calculated in this paper as an independent part of the disease factor. A mathematical model capable of objectively assessing and statistically testing the effect of the syndrome factor on the index changes was established. Applying this model to literature data of studies on the relationship between cyclic nucleotides and yang-deficiency syndrome showed following results. First, the values of yang-deficiency syndrome information were negative for cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) while positive for cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in all included literature. This indicated that the group of yang-deficiency syndrome was correlated with an obvious trend of reduced cAMP levels and increased cGMP levels. Second, the statistical test results of yang-deficiency syndrome information of the two indexes were different among the literature included. The quality of original data was considered as a possible reason. Third, the significant differences between the yang-deficiency group of a specific disease and the normal group may, in some cases, be caused by a disease factor rather than a syndrome factor. The mathematical model provided a reasonable mathematical tool for the analysis of disease factor and syndrome factor in clinical research of TCM, suggesting that the mathematical model may give rise to innovative ideas and methods in the study of syndromes.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment in elderly patients with gastric bezoars. Methods Totally 49 patients with gastric bezoars were retrospectively analyzed,and among them,36 patients were aged 65-77 years, 48 cases underwent sequential therapy,1 elderly patient underwent surgical operation. Results There were differences in etiology, medical histories, clinical manifestations and therapeutic efficacy between elderly and non elderly patients with gastric bezoars.There were 42％ (15/36) of elderly patients eating glutinous rice cakes,4 cases with gastric surgery histories,6 cases with diabetes in elderly patients,but in non eldcrly patients only 8％ (1/13) of patients eating glutinous rice cake,and there were no cases with surgery histories and diabetes. Gastric bezoars in 48 cases were cleared away by sequential therapy. 1 elderly patient developed intestinal obstruction after surgical operation and died of infectious shock. Conclusions There are some different characteristics between elderly and nonelderly patients with gastric bezoars.Sequential therapy is safe and effective for elderly patients with gastric bezoars.

Knowledge Discovery in Databases is gaining attention and raising new hopes for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researchers. It is a useful tool in understanding and deciphering TCM theories. Aiming for a better understanding of Chinese herbal property theory (CHPT), this paper performed an improved association rule learning to analyze semistructured text in the book entitled Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica. The text was firstly annotated and transformed to well-structured multidimensional data. Subsequently, an Apriori algorithm was employed for producing association rules after the sensitivity analysis of parameters. From the confirmed 120 resulting rules that described the intrinsic relationships between herbal property (qi, flavor and their combinations) and herbal efficacy, two novel fundamental principles underlying CHPT were acquired and further elucidated: (1) the many-to-one mapping of herbal efficacy to herbal property; (2) the nonrandom overlap between the related efficacy of qi and flavor. This work provided an innovative knowledge about CHPT, which would be helpful for its modern research.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of the interventional thrombolytic therapy in acute segmental renal infarction.Methods From December 2007 to November 2015 data of patients with acute segmental renal infarction treated in our institute were retrospectively reviewed. There were 5 male patients and 2 female patients, All patients age ranged from 45 to 76 years old ( median 70 years old), All patients had clinical symptoms,including left flank pain with vomiting in 3 patients and right flank pain with vomiting in 4 cases. 4 cases with cerebral thrombosis, atrial fibrillation and hypertension, 3 cases had hypertension and diabetes.4 cases was possible of renal artery embolism diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound, renal arteries showed no abnormality, while other 3 cases had no obvious symptoms.CT test revealed low density area wedge-shaped, coated substrate edge, but no obvious occupying lesions in the pole of the kidneys.Furthermore, enhanced scan showed uneven enhancement, delayed distortion, and the lesion density below the renal parenchyma in the pole of the kidneys.Digital subtraction angiography ( DSA) were performed and the patients were given saline 20 ml and urokinase200 000 U at 15 minutes interval through indwelling catheter injection two times, followed by normal saline 20 ml and urokinase100 000 U injection once.Subsequently, the patients were given urokinase 100 000 U through the indwelling catheters infusion every four hours.Concurrently, the patients were given 6 000 U of low molecular weight heparin sodium injection subcutaneously every 12 h, as well as expansion treatment. 24 hours after the treatment, observing the infarction area by the original DSA catheter angiography.Results All patients were successfully treated.Followed up for 3 months to 7 years, 1 patient died of cerebral infarction and hypertension after 8 months, other patients were alive without evidence of renal infarction recurrence in CT examination, and condition of patients with atrial fibrillation gradually recovered. Conclusion The diagnosis of ASRI requires enhanced CT and DSA examination due to its rare incidence and the high misdiagnosis rate in clinic.Early diagnosis and use of interventional thrombolytic therapy method is a feasible and effective treatment method.

Objective To evaluate the effect of training for therapists based on Kirkpatrick's Four-level Model. Methods Totally 39 ther-apists who completed 2014 Beijing Clinical Shortage of Manpower Training Programs (Therapist) were investigated with Kirkpatrick's Four-level Model, named reaction, learning, behavior and results. Results For reaction level, the total satisfaction was high, but different with the degree of education, especially in the items of Participate in Training, Type of Cases, Organizing on Practice Training, Organizing Case Discussions and Get A Lot of Benefits from the Training (F>4.59, P<0.05). For learning level, the test scores were significantly differ-ent before and after the training (t>9.53, P<0.001). For behavior level, the self-reports of the therapists, and the reports from their depart-ment directors and colleagues all agreed that their ability improved after training (t>4.44, P<0.001). For results level, eleven therapists passed the rehabilitation therapist test, two therapists participated in some researches, and one published an article. Conclusion The thera-pists satisfied in the training, that may improve the ability of therapists to contribute to their organization.

Objective To explore the methods of training for therapists. Methods The students participated in 2014 Beijing Clinical Shortage of Manpower Training Programs (Therapist) by Beijing Quality Control and Improvement Center of Medical Rehabilitation accepted theoretical and operating training and tests. They were interviewed for the situation of training program. Results 39 students had completed the training with the average age of (28.41±6.05) years. The average scores of theory test was (76.23±5.70), and it was (87.18±8.00) of operation. The score of theory test was more than that before the training (P<0.01). From interview, a total of 59 recommendations were obtained, which focused on the quality of training of training provider and the support from sending institutes. Conclusion Beijing Clinical Shortage of Manpower Training Programs (Therapist) has improved the academic and operative level of therapists.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of using CT texture analysis to differentiate among lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,pheochromocytoma and adrenal metastases.Methods 66 lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,98 pheochromocytoma and 101 adrenal metastases lesions were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients had abdominal non-enhanced CT and adrenal enhanced CT scans.We used TexRAD software to analyze the textural features of CT images and compared the differences in each texture parameter among three adrenal lesions.Results On non-enhanced CT images,there were significant differences in Mean and Kurtosis at all the texture scales(SSF 0-6) among the three types of adrenal lesions (P<0.05),as well as SD at fine and coarse texture scale (SSF 2,6)(P<0.05).Entropy (SSF 0-3, 5-6) and MPP (SSF 0-2, 4-6) were significantly lower in lipid-poor adrenal adenoma and adrenal metastases than that in pheochromocytoma (P<0.05).There were significant differences in Skewness (SSF 0-3) among three types of lesions, which was lowest in pheochromocytoma and highest in adrenal metastases.On enhanced CT images, Mean, SD, Entrophy and MPP showed significantly differences among the three types of adrenal lesions at all the texture scales (SSF 0-6) (P<0.05), which were all highest in pheochromocytoma and lowest in adrenal metastases.Skewness (SSF 0) and Kurtosis (SSF 0, 2) were significantly lower in adrenal metastases than that in lipid-poor adrenal adenoma and pheochromocytoma (P<0.05).Conclusion There are significant differences in CT texture analysis parameters among lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,pheochromocytoma and adrenal metastases.CT texture analysis has potential clinical application values in differentiating these three adrenal lesions.

Objective To evaluate the reliability of a rat model of acute cerebral ischemia and reperfusion by using cerebral perfusion functional CT.Methods A stable and reversible focal ischemia model with unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion was established and evaluated by CT perfusion imaging and TTC staining.Results Artificial Occlusion of the MCA resulted in ipsilateral cerebral infarcts in all study animals.Hypoperfusion was definitely recorded in all CT perfusion images obtained after MCA occlusion and was significantly correlated with the final lesion size.Blood flow was restored after pulling the thread out of the artery.Conclusions The method of establishing an acute focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model by thread insertion in our study is simple and stable.If we can screen the stroke model with CT perfusion examination,the error caused by variance of model can be reduced.Thereby it provides a platform for researchers to investigate acute cerebral ischemia and recirculation.