Objective:To investigate the mechanism of intense noise-induced cochlea cells death in guinea pig,and the effect of JNK signal transduction pathway in the procedure of cochlea cells apoptosis by intense noise-induced.Method:Thirty-two guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups.The guinea pigs in the experiment groups were exposed to 4 kHz narrow band noise at 120 dB SPL for 4 h.After the noise expose for 1,4,14 days of the experiment guinea pigs,ABR of the guinea pigs on experiment and control groups were tested before put them to death.Four guinea pig's cochleas of every group were taken to paraffin section,and the rest was extracted the total cochlear's protein.Apoptosis was tested by terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase(TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate(d-UTP)nick and labeling method(TUNEL).The phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun were tested by immunohistochemistry and western blot methods.Result:Tunel-Positve cells in the Corti's,SGC and SV of experiment groups,and there have significant differences compared with the control group(P＜0.01)and Tunel-Positve cells are most in 1 d experiment group.The positive cells of P-JNK and p-e-Jun could be dectected in guinea pig's cochleas after noise exposed,but no positive cells were found in the control.Protein levels of p-JNK,and P-c-Jun were risen up and activated quickly after noise exposed,and achieved peak in 1 d,4 d,and then fallen-offs,but still maintained higher levels within 14 d.Conclusion:Intense noise causes cochlea cell lesion by inducing apoptosis to result in and JNK signal transduction pathway plays an important role in the procedure of apoptosis.

Objective To summarize the nursing experience of orthophoria peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC).Methods Patients who failed percutaneous intravenous puncture(23 cases)underwent orthophoria HCC.The operation technique,nursing points and prevention of complications were summarized.Results All 23 patients received successful first-time puncture.Accurate anatomical position,strict aseptic manipulation and change of dressing were required during nursing.One patient failed in transmission of the tube after successful puncture.One patient appeared local red swelling of skin.Conclusions Orthophoria PICC is suitable for patients with colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy who failed percutaneous intravenous puncture.Selective nursing has pivotal significance for successful operation.

Background The integration of segregated pathways from the two eyes first appears in V1 neurons,where it not only plays a critical role in the generation of a three-dimensional visual representation.Abnormal visual experiences in critical period usually lead to amblyopia and binocular integration defects.Objective Present study was to investigate how neurons of kitten coordinate their activity patterns in response to synchronous dichoptic stimulus inputs in striate cortex.Methods Spike rate and local field potential(LFP) gamma band(20-90Hz) power of three kitten(1-1.2Kg,8-10 weeks old) to monocular and synchronous dichoptic presented gratings were assessed for 28 binocular neurons in V1 of kitten by in vivo extracellular record method under anaesthesia and paralysis.Ocular dominance index(ODI) and binocular integration index(BII) were assessed and the correlation between these two indexes were analyzed.Results In 28 cells with binocular characteristic,the absolute value of spike-ODI was significant larger than that of LFP-ODI(t=2.606,P=0.021).A positive linear correlation between the ocular preferences of spike and LFP was found(R2=0.513,F=27.423,P=0.003).In dichotic trails,binocular facilitation with BII for spike was 2.348±0.996,showing a significant reduce in comparison with BII for LFP(3.678±1.974)(t=2.671,P=0.019).Binocular integration index for two signals were greater when monocular responses of both eyes were similar(P=0.035 and P=0.124,respectively).Conclusion Both spike rate and gamma band power of LFP exhibited binocular facilitation to synchronous presented dichotic stimuli with significant facilitation induced by balanced monocular responses.Spiking activity and LFP reflect neural activities of different spatial scales and source components.

Objective To study the relationship between central obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors and aggregation in Yangpu District, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control measures and strategies for cardiovascular disease. Methods In the community, residents aged 35 to 75 were investigated by questionnaire, physical examination and blood biochemical test, and a total of 11 321 residents with complete data were analyzed. Results The prevalence of central obesity among adults in Yangpu was 60.50%(standardized rate was 56.09%).The level of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein were significantly different in different waist circumference groups(all P < 0.01).With the increase of waist circumference, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular risk factors clustering was increased (all P < 0.01).Multivariable logistic regression results showed that the risk of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk factors clustering was 1.78 (OR=1.78, 95%CI:1.63－1.94) and 3.36 (OR=3.36, 95%CI:3.00-3.75);1.67 (OR=1.67, 95%CI:1.49-1.88) and 2.67 (OR=2.67, 95%CI:2.34-3.03);1.68 (OR=1.68, 95%CI:1.54-1.82) and 2.20 (OR=2.20, 95%CI:1.97-2.44);2.05 (OR=2.04, 95%CI:1.86-2.24) and 3.62 times (OR=3.62 95%CI:3.23-4.04) fold higher in residents with mild and severe central obesity than those without central obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of central obesity among residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai is high, and the extent of central obesity is related to cardiovascular diseases risk factors and their aggregation.Therefore, timely intervention measures should be taken to control obesity.

Glucocorticoids/urine* ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Marathon Running ; Saliva/chemistry* ; alpha-Amylases/analysis*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between caspase 12 activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis of guinea pig cochlea cells induced by intense noise.

METHODSThirty-two guinea pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups. The guinea pigs in the experiment groups were exposed to 4 kHz narrow band noise at 120 dB SPL for 4 h. After the noise expose for 1, 4, 14 days of the experiment guinea pigs, auditory brainstem response (ABR) of the guinea pigs on experiment and control groups were tested before decapitated. Four guinea pig's cochleae of every group were taken to paraffin section, and the rest was extracted the total protein. Apoptosis was tested by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (d-UTP) nick and labeling method (TUNEL) and transmission electron microscopy. Expression of caspase 12, Bip/GRP78 was tested by immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods.

RESULTSThe observation by transmission electron microscopy showed the features characteristic of apoptotic cells in the Corti and SGC of 1d after the noise expose, but no in the control. There were higher expressions of Tunel-Positive cells in the OHC, SGC and SV of experiment groups, and there was significant differences compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Protein levels of Bip/GRP78 and caspase 12 were risen up after noise exposed, and there all were significant differences compared with the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIntense noise causes cochlea cell lesion by inducing apoptosis to result in and caspase 12 induced endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis plays an important role in the procedure of apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 12 ; metabolism ; Cochlea ; cytology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; metabolism ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Guinea Pigs ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Noise ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo explore the satisfactory rate in patients with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) after cosmetic surgery.

METHODSWe designed a questionnaire to investigate the postoperative satisfactory rate in patients with BDD and without BDD.

RESULTSThere was significant difference in postoperative satisfactory rate between patients with BDD and without BDD.

CONCLUSIONThe patients with BDD have a lower satisfactory rate, which is even worse after repeated surgery.

Adult ; Body Dysmorphic Disorders ; psychology ; Body Image ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Satisfaction ; Surgery, Plastic ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo analyze the incidence and mortality of lung cancer patients among residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2010.

METHODSThe data of lung cancer cases in permanent residents of Yangpu district were collected from the database of the registration and management system in Shanghai city. Temporal trend in the incidence of lung cancer was analyzed by using annual percent change (APC) mode1. The survivals were calculated using SPSS 16.0 and Joinpoint Regression Program 3.5.1 software.

RESULTSA total of 5726 cases of lung cancer were diagnosed from January 2002 to December 2010. Of those, 3865 were males with an average age of onset 70.08 years, and 1861 were females with an average age of onset 70.88 years. The crude incidence rate was 77.36/10(5) in men, significantly higher than 39.31/10(5) in women (U = 24.84, P < 0.01). The standardized incidence rate was 25.23/10(5) in men, significantly higher than 13.47/10(5) in women (U = 13.24, P < 0.01). A total of 5248 cases died of the disease in this period. Of those, 3586 were men. The crude mortality was 71.77/10(5) in men, significantly higher than 35.11/10(5) in women (U = 24.67, P < 0.01). The standardized mortality was 21.72/10(5) in men, significantly higher than 11.08/10(5) in women (U = 13.01, P < 0.01). Both the incidence and mortality rates increased apparently in those older than 45 years. The 1- to 5-year survival rates in all cases were 37.42%, 22.71%, 15.73%, 12.32%, and 10.53%, respectively. The 1- to 5-year survival rates in male cases were significantly lower than those in female cases (P < 0.05 for each comparison). The 1- to 5-year survival rates of the patients whose tumor had been surgically removed were significantly higher than those in the patients without surgery (P < 0.05 for each comparison).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of lung cancer is close to the mortality in the residents of Yangpu District of Shanghai city. Surgical resection treatment improves the prognosis of lung cancer.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical value of combined measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and serum ferritin (SF) in the etiological diagnosis of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in children.

METHODSThe clinical data of 154 hospitalized children who had FUO for at least two weeks were retrospectively analyzed, and they were classified into infection (n=54), rheumatism (n=67), and tumor (n=33) groups according to the diagnosis at discharge. The levels of CRP, ESR, LDH, and SF were compared between the three groups, and the diagnostic values of the four indices alone or together were analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

RESULTSSerum CRP and ESR levels were elevated in all the three groups, and increased most significantly in the rheumatism group. Serum LDH level was increased most significantly in the tumor group. SF level was significantly increased in the rheumatism and tumor groups. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of LDH for diagnosing rheumatism and the AUC of ESR and CRP for diagnosing tumors were lower than 0.7 (P>0.05). The AUC of CRP for diagnosing infection and rheumatism was 0.861 and 0.782, respectively. The AUC of ESR for diagnosing infection and rheumatism was 0.770 and 0.743, respectively. LDH had relatively low AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and Youden's index in diagnosing infection and tumors. SF had the highest AUC, sensitivity, and Youden's index in diagnosing infection, but had the lowest specificity. SF had relatively high AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and Youden's index in diagnosing rheumatism, but had relatively low AUC in diagnosing tumor. The four indices had higher AUC, sensitivity, and specificity in diagnosing rheumatism and tumors when measured together than when measured alone.

CONCLUSIONSIn the etiological diagnosis of FUO in children, CRP, ESR, LDH, and SF have certain clinical significance in the preliminary diagnosis of rheumatic diseases, but have limited value in the diagnosis and differentiation of infectious diseases and malignant tumors. Combined measurement of the four indices is superior to the determination of each one for the etiological diagnosis of FUO in children.

Adolescent ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Blood Sedimentation ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Female ; Ferritins ; blood ; Fever of Unknown Origin ; blood ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Male ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Qushuanling Capsule ( QSLC) on thrombus formation and platelet aggregation in rats.

METHODSArteriovenous bypass, venous thrombosis, and middle cerebral artery thrombosis models were used in rats to investigate the anti-thrombotic effects of QSLC, a compound of nine Chinese herbs. The platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin or arachidonic acid (AA), as well as the contents of thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) in rat plasma and aortic walls, were determined to investigate the possible mechanisms of the anti-thrombotic effects of QSLC.

RESULTSAfter oral administration with QSLC for 7 days, arteriovenous bypass thrombosis was obviously suppressed compared with the model group, venous thrombosis was also obviously suppressed, rat behaviors were obviously improved, and brain infarct size as well as water content were also reduced. The platelet aggregation induced by ADP or thrombin was inhibited by QSLC, but the drug had no effect on AA-induced platelet aggregation and content of TXB(2) and 6-keto-PGF1α in plasma and the aortic wall.

CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that QSLC can be used in the prevention and treatment of thrombotic diseases, and that its mechanism of action may be related to inhibition of platelet aggregation.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha ; blood ; Adenosine Diphosphate ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Aorta ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; drug effects ; pathology ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thrombosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Thromboxane B2 ; blood ; Venous Thrombosis ; drug therapy ; pathology