Acute Disease ; Adenoviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; virology

OBJECTIVE:To study the best preparation technology of Gross Saponins tribullu terrestris droping pill. METHODS: The ratio of Gross Spongines Tribullu terrestris to matrix, dripping temperature, dripping distance and dripping speed were investigated by preliminary test and orthogonal test with sphericity, the variation coefficient of weight of pill,time limit of dissolution and appearance of the dropping pill were taken as scoring indexes. Meanwhile, the technical conditions were optimized by orthogonal test on the basis of preliminary test.RESULTS: The optimal technical conditions were as follows: the ratio of matrix to Gross Saponins Tribullu terrestris was 5∶1;the dripping temperature was 85 ℃;the dripping speed was 8 d?min-1 and the dripping distance was 12 cm.CONCLUSION:The technology is simple, feasible and the evaluation indexes were reliable and reasonable and it can meet the requirement for dripping pill specified in China Pharmacopeia (2005 Edition).

Child ; China ; Humans ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; physiopathology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; physiopathology ; virology

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bilateral transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB)combined with bilateral rectus sheath block (RSB)in abdominal surgery. Methods Ninety ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,35 males,55 females,aged 19-79 years,with body mass index 18-30 kg/m2 ,scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into three groups(n=30):ultrasound-guided bilateral TAPB combined with bilateral RSB group (group TR),ultrasound-guided bilateral TAPB group (group T),patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA)group (group P).In group TR,ultrasound-guided bilateral TAPB were performed with 20 ml of 0.22% ropivacaine mesylate injection in each side and ultrasound-guided bilateral RSB were per-formed with 10 ml of 0.22% ropivacaine mesylate injection in each side before surgery.In group T, ultrasound-guided bilateral TAPB were performed with 20 ml of 0.22% ropivacaine mesylate injection in each side and ultrasound-guided bilateral RSB were performed with 10 ml of NS in each side before surgery.In group P,ultrasound-guided bilateral TAPB were performed with 20 ml of NS in each side and ultrasound-guided bilateral RSB were performed with 10 ml of NS in each side before surgery, and PCIA was applied in group P.BP,HR,SpO2 were observed when patients were sent into the op-erating room, 2 minutes before trocar puncture, and 2 minutes after trocar puncture, the consumption of propofol and remifentanil used during the surgery were recorded.The score of visual analogue scale (VAS)during rest and movement were recorded at 2,6,12,24 h after surgery.The patient analgesia satisfaction and the adverse reactions were recorded.Results Compared with group T and group P,group TR had less change of BP before and after trocar puncture(P <0.05).The VAS score was significantly lower in group TR after operation(P <0.05).There were no statistical significant differences of VAS score at 24 h after operation among the three groups.The patient anal-gesia satisfaction was significantly better in group TR than other two groups (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided bilateral transversus abdominis plane block combined with bilateral rectus sheath block is of safety and much efficacy of postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objective To observe the regulating effect of inhaling glucocorticoid on imbalance of IL-4/interferon-?(IFN-?) cytokines in children with first onset wheezing .Methods IL-4 and IFN-? levels were examined in separated serum of 60 children wheezing with first onset wheezing,they were divided into abnormal level of IL-4/IFN-? group (n=38) and normal level of IL-4/IFN-? group(n=22,group C) depending on the level of IL-4/IFN-?,and 38 cases with abnormal level of IL-4/IFN-? were randomly divided into group A and B.Group B and C were given routine treatment without intervening treatment,while group A inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate aerosols for 3 months after routine treatment.Twenty healthy children for routine physical examinations in the same period were selected as healthy control group,who were examined for IL-4 and IFN-? with the same methods.Results Before treatment,the levels of IL-4 and IL-4/IFN-? in group A and B were significantly higher than those in group C and healthy control group(Pa

Objective To compare the effect of midazolam pretreatment on propofol sedation using closed-loop target-controlled infusion (TCI) between two age groups - the adult and the aged. Methods Forty-eight ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients of both sexes weighing 45-81 kg undergoing elective lower abdominal or lower extremity operation under epidural anesthesia were divided into two age groups : (A) the adult group (18-39 yrs) and (B) the aged group (66-79 yrs). The two groups were further divided randomly into 2 subgroups : midazolam subgroup ( n=12) received midazolam 0.04 mg?kg-1 10 min before propofol TCI and placebo subgroup ( n = 12) received normal saline instead of midazolam 10 min before propofol TCI. The patients were unpremedicated. An intravenous line was established before operation, which was connected to a TCI system comprising a Graseby 3500 infusion pump and a closed-loop TCI automatic control system. BP, HR, SpO2 and BIS were continuously monitored during operation. During epidural anesthesia the patients were sedated with propofol administered by TCI. The initial target blood concentration of propofol was set at 1.5?g?ml-1 . The level of sedation was assessed by OAA/S scale (5 = alert,0 = no response to prodding). The target blood propofol concentration was then increased or decreased in 0.5?g?ml-1 increment to maintain OAA/S score at 3. The BIS value at this level of sedation (OAA/S=3) was used as feedback in controlling TCI of propofol. The induction dose and the total dose of propofol, induction time and emergence time (OAA/S=5) were recorded. Results Midazolam premeditation significantly reduced the induction dose and total dose of propofol, shorten the induction time and prolonged the emergence time compared with placebo in both groups, especially in the aged group (P

Objective　To study the cochlea microvasculature permeability changes of the inner ear in guinea pigs, so as to clarify the possible role of the cochlea microvasculature permeability changes in the ischemic injury of inner ears. Methods　Modified method of Evans blue fluorescence was used to observe the changes of permeability of the cochlea microvasculature in the animal model of cochlea microcirculatory disorders which was caused by photochemical reaction. CAPN1 threshold was recorded by using Madsen 2 250 to study the hearing loss. Results　The amounts of Evens blue crossing the cochlea microvasculature were (1.709±0.769) and (2.849 ±0.653) μg/per animal 2 and 4 h after the development of cochlea microcirculatory disorder in guinea pigs, respectively (P<0.01); and their hearing loss were （24.44 ±7.27） and （38.33±7.91）dBpeSPL in 2 and 4 h, respectively (P<0.01)． Conclusion　The permeability of the cochlea microvasculature increases along with the duration of cochlea microcirculatory disorder occur and the increase of cochlea microvasculature permeability might be one of the important mechanisms inducing cochlear ischemic lesions.

Objective To study endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene transfecting endothelial cells (ECs). Methods eNOS gene was transfected into the steady ECs system by cationic liposomal transduction and check the transfection effect by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry assay. To test the concentrations of NOS, nitric oxide (NO) and von willebrand factor (vWF) in culture media by colorimetry and ELISA, respectively,and transfected EC function was observed. Results The effect of transfection was satisfactory with RT-PCR products electrophoresis, sequence and immunohistochemistry. The concentrations of NOS and NO in transfected EC culture media increased with time (P

Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Scoliosis ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods

Objective To establish a method of quantiying trace α-galactosidase from Bacteroides fragilis in enzymatic conversion of blood group B to O red blood cells ( B-ECO RBCs) .Methods BALB/c mice were immunized with purified recombinant B.fragilisα-galactosidase ( the purity>90%) to prepare monoclonal antibodies.The ascites were prepared using hybridoma cell lines stably secreting antibody and purified by HiTrap rProtein A column.The antibody titer and spe-cificity were detected by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively.Purified monoclonal antibody and rabbit polyclonal an-tibody were applied to detect residual enzyme in B-ECO RBCs and the washing solution was analyzed by indirect ELISA. Results A high titer and purity antibody was obtained.Western blotting showed that the antibody specifically reacted with B.fragilisα-galactosidase.Moreover, indirect ELISA was sensitive enough to detect the minimal amount of residualα-gal-actosidase at the concentration of 1 ng/ml.After four repeat washing cycles with 1∶4 ( v/v) phosphate-buffered saline, the amount of residual enzyme in B-ECO RBCs was less than 10 ng/ml.Conclusion An effective method of detecting the min-imal amount of residual α-galactosidase in blood conversion is established for safety evaluation of universal RBCs prepara-tion by enzymatic treatment.