Background Proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases include all the overly proliferative diseases of eyes.Many kinds of cytokines play important roles in their pathogenesis.Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α)participates in the pathogenesis of a lot of ischemic diseases.HIF-1α may play an important role in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases. Objective Present study was to observe the expression of HIF-1α in vitreous body in the eyes with proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases.The vitreous samples were collected during the vitrectomy from 71 eyes of 69 patients(experimental group)including 39 eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)and 32 eyes with proliferative Vitreoretinopathy(PVR).Sixteen eyes of 16 patients as the cases control group,including 14 eyes with macular hole(MH)and 2 eyes with epiretinal macular membrane(ERM).What is more,there were 8 vitreous fluid samples of the normal control group.The concentrations of HIF-1α in vitreous body were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The written informed consent was obtained from each patient before any medical procedure. Results The concentrations of HIF-1α in vitreous body in the eyes of experimental group,the cases control group and the normal control group were(294.08±2.97)、(260.41±8.29)、(16.38±3.56)mg/L respectively,showing a significant difference among the three groups(F=248.77,P=0.00).The concentrations of HIF-1α in vitreous body were obviously increased in the eyes of experimental group in comparison with the normal control group and the cases control group respectively(t=22.25,P=0.00;t=2.70,P=0.00 respectively).The concentrations of HIF-1α in vitreous body were increased in the eyes of the cases control group in comparison with the normal control group eyes(t=14.21,P=0.00).There was inferior correlation between the concentrations of HIF-1α in vitreous body in the eyes of experimental group and the course of ophthalmopathy. Conclusion Intravitreous HIF-1α level regulates in the eyes with proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases. Expression of HIF-1α in vitreous had inferior correlation with the course of ophthalmopathy. HIF-1α may play an important role in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases.

Objective The different distribution and clinical significance of mean platelet volume (MPV) in the healthy normoglycemic and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) individuals were discussed.Methods The 499 individuals including 184 male and 315 female,who had undergone health checks in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital during May and July 2012 were studied retrospectively.Average age is forty-five ( thirty-five to eighty).Subjects were categorized into four groups according to fasting plasma glucose ( FPG) levels:G1 (3.89 mmol/L≤FPG<5 mmol/L, n=125),G2(5 mmol/L≤FPG <5.5 mmol/L, n=121), G3(5.5 mmol/L≤FPG<6.1 mmol/L, n=142), and G4(6.1 mmol/L≤FPG<7 mmol/L, n=111).G1, G2, and G3 are defined as normal FPG groups and G 4 is defined as IFG group.Eighty-nine cases in the same age patients with type II diabetes mellitus group ( G5 ) were observed at the same time.Results The MPV increased with the increasing FPG levels in the following order:G1(8.62 ±0.77) fl, G2 (8.85 ±0.80) fl, G3(8.90 ±0.69) fl,G4(9.14 ±0.78) fl and G5(12.03 ±1.42) fl.MPV[(12.03 ±1.42) fl] of type Ⅱdiabetes mellitus group(G5) was higher than that in the IFG group (G4)[(9.14 ±0.78) fl] and normal FPG groups[G1(8.62 ±0.77) fl,G2(8.85 ±0.80) fl,G3(8.90 ±0.69) fl] (F=12.773,P<0.01);MPV of the IFG group [ ( 9.14 ±0.78 ) fl ] was significantly higher than that in normal FPG groups [ G1 (8.62 ±0.77) fl,G2(8.85 ±0.80) fl,G3(8.90 ±0.69) fl] (F=12.773,P<0.01 for G4 vs.G1 and G2, P<0.05 for G4 vs.G3) ;MPV in the high-normal glucose group (G3) [(8.90 ±0.69) fl] was obviously higher than that in the low-normal glucose group (G1) [(8.62 ±0.77) fl] (F=12.773,P<0.05);MPV was positively associated with FPG in normal FPG groups ,IFG group and type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus group (G1-3:r=0.22, P<0.05;G4:r=0.26, P<0.01;G5:r=0.29, P<0.01).Conclusions Significant difference of MPV was observed in population of different FPG levels.Especially, MPV in IFG group was evidently higher than that in normal FPG group and was positively associated with FPG levels.

Adult ; Aortic Rupture ; pathology ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; etiology ; Heart Ventricles ; pathology ; Humans ; Male

Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymph Node Excision ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; methods ; Pulmonary Blastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

AlM: To investigate the effect of endocapsular phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens (lOL) implantation with a 1. 8mm or 3. 0mm clear corneal incision on total root mean square ( RMS ) value of the cornea, corneal astigmatism, spherical aberration, coma, trefoil and tear film.
METHODS:ln a prospective study, 156 age- related patients ( 196 eyes ) were randomly distributed into two groups. 1. 8mm-group comprised 94 eyes that had a silicone lOL inserted through a 1. 8mm sutureless clear corneal incision, while, 3. 0mm- group comprised 102 eyes through a 3. 0mm clear corneal incision. Postoperatively, the changes in the total RMS value of the cornea, corneal astigmatism, spherical aberration, coma, trefoil and tear film at 1wk, 1 and 3mo were determined respectively.
RESULTS:ln both groups, postoperatively at 1wk,there were statistically significant differences ( P<0. 05 ) in the total RMS value of the cornea, corneal astigmatism, spherical aberration, coma, trefoil and tear film, while, there were statistically minimal differences ( P< 0. 05 ) between 1. 8mm-group and 3. 0mm-group at 1mo, but were not statistically significantly different ( P > 0. 05 ) between two groups at 3mo postoperative.
CONCLUSlON:This study confirms that incision size has strong impact on the corneal higher-order aberrations, especially, 3. 0mm incision caused significant differences in the total RMS value of cornea, corneal astigmatism, spherical aberration, coma, trefoil and tear film compared with 1. 8mm micro-incision, therefore, micro-incision is very beneficial for clinical use in phacoemulsification.

OBJECTIVETo explore the operative skills and effect of unilateral pedicle screw combined with contralateral percutaneous transfacet screws fixation in treating degenerative low lumbar disease.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to December 2011,22 patients with degenerative low lumbar disease were treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, during the operations, unilateral pedicle screw and contralateral percutaneous transfacet screw fixation were performed. There were 16 males and 6 females, aged from 32 to 71 years old with an average of (51.1 ± 10.6) years, including single segment in 20 cases and two segments in 2 cases. Clinical effects were evaluated according to visual analogue score (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 1 to 2.5 years with an average of 18 months. One case complicated with leakage of cerebrospinal fluid after operation and 1 case with lower limb pain of decompression-side on the 3rd day after operation. Twenty-two patients got bony fusion. There were no instability and evidence of instrument failure during follow-up. The VAS and ODI score decreased from preoperative 8.24 ± 0.72, 36.72 ± 6.84 respectively to 3.18 ± 0.66, 4.36 ± 1.12 at the final follow-up (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONUnilateral pedicle screw combined with contralateral percutaneous transfacet screw fixation is safe and feasible surgical technique in treating low lumbar degenerative disease. It has advantages of little trauma, rigid fixation, high fusion rate, and less complication. etc.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedicle Screws ; Spinal Fusion ; methods

The clinical data of 13 patients diagnosed as Takayasu's arteritis with cardiomyopathy in Peking Union Hospital were reviewed.Echocardiography showed cardiomegaly (left chambers mainly),diffuse weakened myocardial wall movement and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.Dilated cardiomyopathy was diagnosed in two patients.Glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide were the essential medication for treatment.One patient died,1 patient was aggravated and the disease condition in remaining 11 patients was stable or improved.Takayasu's arteritis with cardiomyopathy is a rare disease and it attacks younger people.It is difficult to identify at onset,and the disease deteriorates rapidly.Echocardiography should be performed earlier to evaluate the heart function for early diagnosis and treatment.Administration of large dose of glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide at early stage may improve the prognosis.

Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technology combined with cluster analysis method was used to classify 75 batches of crystalline ceftriaxone sodium into subtypes, the crystalline characteristics of each subtype were measured with scanning electron microscope (SEM). By comparing some parameters of these subtypes correlated to crystallization process of ceftriaxone sodium, such as salification rate, water content in different subtypes, as well as by studying different lattice stabilities, different compatibilities with rubber closures during accelerated stability tests, the key point to improve the quality of domestic ceftriaxone sodium was disclosed. The results of this paper indicated that the fine structure of the products could be controlled well by improving the salification and crystallization process. As a result, the subtype II of ceftriaxone sodium with high stability can be produced.
Ceftriaxone ; chemistry ; classification ; Crystallization ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Powders ; Water ; X-Ray Diffraction

OBJECTIVETo observe effects of treatment from the lung and treatment from the intestine on the level of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the lung and intestine of ulcerative colitis (UC) rats.

METHODSThe UC rat model was established in 52 rats by using rabbit intestine mucosa tissue allergen combined TNBS-ethanol model (with the model successful rate of 78.0%). Eight rats randomly selected from 40 successfully modeled rats and 8 of 16 rats from the normal group were recruited as the model group and the normal control group before intervention (at week 0). The rest 32 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group, the Western medicine treatment group (salazosulfapyridine), the treatment from lung group (Huangqi Jiegeng Decoction), and the treatment from intestine group (Huangqi Huanglian Decoction), 8 in each group. Rats in each treatment group were administered with corresponding medication 8 times the dose of a 60 kg adult human. Another 8 normal rats were recruited as the normal group. Equal volume of pure water was given to rats in the model group and the normal group by gastrog avage, once per day. Contents of VIP in the lung tissue and the intestinal tissue were detected at week 0 and 4 after 4-week consecutive intervention. Pathomorphological changes of the lung tissue and the colon tissue were observed under light microscope.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group at week 0, evenly distributed diffuse inflammation could be seen in the pulmonary interstitial tissue; the bronchial wall was thickened; a huge amount of infiltration surrounded bronchi and blood vessels; a large area of necrosis of intestinal mucosa and inflammatory cell infiltration could also be seen in the model group. Pathological injuries of the lung and the colon were more alleviated in each treatment group than in the model group at the same time point. Compared with the normal control group at the same time point, VIP contents in the lung tissue significantly decreased in the model group at the end of week 4 (P<0.05); VIP contents in the colon tissue significantly increased in the model group at the end of week 0 and 4 (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, VIP contents in the lung tissue significantly increased in the Western medicine treatment group and the treatment from lung group at the end of week 4 (P<0.01); VIP contents in the colon tissue significantly decreased in the treatment from lung group and the treatment from intestine group (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONTreatment from the lung and treatment from the intestine showed predominant advantage in improving local inflammation of the lung and the intestinal tract, alleviating pathological injuries, promoting repair of injuries through regulating VIP contents in the lung tissue and the colon tissue.

Animals ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Intestines ; Lung ; Male ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effects between hip anterior S-P approach combined with iliac bone flap transplantation with deep circumflex iliac artery and posterior K-L approach combined with quadratus femoris bone flap transplantation for the treatment of femoral neck fracture of Garden III-IV in young and middle-aged patients.

METHODSFrom January 2004 to January 2011,46 patients with femoral neck fractures were treated by two kinds of operation. Among them, 20 cases were treated with anterior S-P approach combined with iliac bone flap transplantation with deep circumflex iliac artery, included 12 males and 8 females with an average age of (32.1 ± 7.3) years old, involved 12 cases of Garden III and 8 cases of Garden IV. The other 26 cases were treated with posterior K-L approach combined with quadratus femoris bone flap transplantation, included 20 males and 6 females with an average age of (37.8 ± 6.9) years old, involved 16 cases of Garden III and 10 cases of Garden IV. The index of hospitalization (hospitalization time, total cost, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications), the quality index of operation (fracture reduction, position of internal fixation, fracture healing time, nonunion and femoral head necrosis) of two groups were observed and compared. Hip joint function were evaluated by Harris score.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 28 to 41 months with an average of 36 months. The intraoperative blood loss of group S-P (92.3 ± 10.4) ml was less than that of group K-L (132.4 ± 11.2) ml, there was significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). The operation time of group S-P (81.4 ± 9.2) min was more than that of group K-L (67.1 ± 4.5) min, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). One case in group S-P and 9 cases in group K-L appeared postoperative complications, there was significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). The fracture healing time of S-P group (83.5 ± 7.3) d was shorter than that of group K-L (103.2 ± 12.6) d, there was significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). At 30 months after operation, there were significant difference in Harris scoring between two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAnterior S-P approach combined with iliac bone flap transplantation with deep circumflex iliac artery for treatment of femoral neck fracture of Garden III-IV of young and middle-aged patients, it has characteristics in clear anatomic and easy to operate. As compared with K-L approach, S-P approach can better reserve residual blood supply of femoral neck. While combining with the iliac bone flap transplantation with deep circumflex iliac artery, it could better reconstruct the blood supply of femoral neck to promote fracture healing.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surgical Flaps ; transplantation