Aged ; Astragalus Plant ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

Aim To study the effects of aspirin on increasing the atherosclerotic plaque stability and its possible mechanisms.Methods The hyperlipidemic atherosclerotic model was generated in male New Zealand rabbits given high fat diet and endothelial abrasion of abdominal aorta.These rabbits were then treated with aspirin 5～20 mg?kg-1 for 4 weeks.At experimental end,the plaques were evoked into rupture by injection of Russell's viper venom and histamine.Areas of thrombosis on atherosclerotic aorta were determined by image analysis,morphologic character of plaque rupture was examined by light microscope,the protein expression of macrophages was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the mRNA expression of COX-2 and MMP-2 was determined by hybridization in situ,respectively.Results Aspirin at doses of 5～10 mg?kg-1 was able to inhibit thrombosis on atherosclerotic plaque(P

Objective　To provide data support for the prevention and control of melioidosis by analyzing epidemiological characteristics of melioidosis bloodstream infection and antibiotic resistance of its pathogen in Hainan Province from 2012 to 2021. Methods Data was collected from Hainan Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System, and WHONET 5.6 software was used to merge and analyze data. Results The case numbers of melioidosis bloodstream infection showed an increasing trend year by year from 2012 to 2021. The ratio of male to female patients was 4.6∶1, with 347 cases (58.91%) of patients aged 40-<60, the age group with the highest incidence. The number of cases from July to November were 424 cases (72.0%). Haikou and Sanya reported the largest case number, with 261 and 116 cases respectively. But there were no case reported from central area including Chengmai, Tunchang, Qiongzhong and Baoting. Burkholderia pseudomallei strains were isolated from both blood and other specimens in 105 of the 589 patients, with respiratory tract and wood specimens being the sites with the highest number of strains isolated other than blood; the resistance rates of Burkholderia pseudomallei to five antibiotics showed no obvious trend of change, with the lowest resistance rate to imipenem among the five drugs at 0.6%, followed by ceftazidime at 2.2%. Conclusion During the typhoon season, elderly, middle-aged male in coastal areas should pay attention to avoid or reduce their contact with mud and water. For patients with melioidosis bloodstream infection, imipenem or ceftazidime should be selected as early as possible for initial treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women,newborn heel blood thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) level and their relationship with urinary iodine(UI) level during pregnancy in Zhoupu and Kangqiao districts of Pudong New Area of Shanghai.Methods A total of 993 urinary samples(the first,second and third trimesters of pregnancy were 200 people,respectively),breast feeding(193 people) and non-pregnant women (200 people) in Zhoupu and Kangqiao districts of Pudong New area were collected from Apr 2009 to Dec 2010.Two hundred copies of neonatal heel blood samples were collected.Median of UI was measured by arsenic-cerium catalysis.TSH in neonatal heel blood was analyzed 72 h after birth by time resolved fluoroisnmunoassay(TRFIA).ResultsMedian UI of all pregnant women was 161.35 μg/L,and that in third trimesters of pregnancy( 126.35 μg/L) was lower than that of the first,the second,the breast feeding and non-pregnant women (178.80,180.50,167.90,163.40 μg/L,all P＜ 0.05).The percentage of UI level less than 150 μg/L in the third trimester[57.5％(115/200) ] was higher than that of the first[39.0％(78/200) ],the second[39.5％(79/200) ],the breast feeding [ 16.6％ (32/193) ] and non-pregnant women [ 23.0％ (46/200) ],respectively (all P ＜ 0.05).The percentage of UI level higher than 300 μg/L in the first [9.0％(18/200)],the second[8.0％(16/200) ] and the third trimester [ 5.0％ ( 10/200 ) ] of pregnancy was lower than that of the breast feeding [ 20.2％ (39/193) ] and nonpregnant [20.5％(41/200) ] women,respectively(all P ＜ 0.05).The level of neonatal heel blood TSH was(2.92 ± 1.83)mU/L,the range was 0.01 - 9.76 mU/L,11.0％(22/200) of the neonates heel blood TSH level(5 mU/L)exceeded the ratio of World Health Organization (WHO) standard ( ＜ 3％ ) suitable for iodine nutrition.Conclusions The overall level of iodine nutrition among pregnant women in Zhoupu and Kangqiao districts of Pudong New Area of Shanghai is in the appropriate range,but the pregnant women in the third trimester is in mild iodine deficiencies,and the neonates in these districts may be prone to iodine deficiency.Monitoring of iodine nutrition of pregnant women should be strengthened and iodine supplementation should be done scientifically.

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Aitongping capsule (ATP) in treating cancerous pain.

METHODSSixty cancer patients were randomly divided into two groups, 30 patients in the treated group took ATP and 30 patients in the control group took diclofenac, 1 week of treatment was applied. The relevant clinical conditions of cancerous pain, the content of plasma beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and c-AMP, hemorheological index, improuement of life quality of patients, occurrence rate of adverse reaction were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe total effective rate in the treated group and in the control group was 90.0 % and 83.3%, respectively, difference between them showed no significance. However, there were significant difference between the two groups in such aspects as the degree of pain relieving, the decrease of pain episodes, the shortening persistent time of pain and the initiation time of analgesic action and prolonged analgesic duration, the decrease of tenderness and percussion pain, the increase of plasma beta-EP content and the decrease of cAMP (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). The evidences also showed that it was better in improving quality of life, ameliorating hemorheologic indexes and reducing incidence of adverse reaction in the treated group than in the control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONATP has affirmative effect on cancerous pain, its analgesic effect may be associated with the increasing of plasma beta-EP content, decreasing of cAMP level and ameliorating of hemorheologic indexes.

Capsules ; Cyclic AMP ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; complications ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Phytotherapy ; Quality of Life ; beta-Endorphin ; blood

Overexpression of survivin may partly protect the NIT-1 cells(mouse insulin-secreting cells) from cytokine-induced apoptosis.In addition, NIT-1 cells transfected with survivin had an slightly improved response of insulin secretion to glucose stimulation.

Objective To induce mouse embryonic stem(ES)cells to differentiate into insulin-secreting cells by means of a 5-step model system.Methods E14.1 mouse ES cells were cultured in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF)for 2 days(step 1),then the cells were cultured in hanging drops to form embryonic bodies(EBs)and the resulting EBs were cultured in suspension for 6 days in the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor bFGF(step 2).Subsequently the EBs were cultured in the medium containing glucagon- like peptide 1(GLP-1),hepatocyte growth factor(HGF),nerve growth factor(NGF)and nicotinamide for 10 days(step 3).After that,the EBs were dissociated into single cells,and the cells were cultured in monolayer in the presence of GLP-1,betacellulin,activin A,bFGF and nicotinamide for 10 days(step 4).Finally,the cells were cultured in low-glucose medium containing nicotinamide for 4 days(step 5).Insulin and some other islet- related genes expressions were investigated using RT-PCR and insulin expression was also investigated by DTZ- staining and immunohistochemistry.The percentage of insulin-secreting cells was evaluated by flowcytometry and insulin concentrations were measured by RIA.Results mRNA expression of insulin became visible at step 3 and more evident at step 5.Additionally,at step 5,mRNAs of glucagon,somatostatin,pancreatic polypeptide(PP), pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1(PDX-1),beta-cell E box transactivator 2(Beta2)and neurogenin 3(Ngn3) were detected.DTZ-staining positive cells and insulin immunohistochemical staining positive cells were observed. The percentage of insulin-positive cells was(24.0?2.5)%(n=6).In the presence of 5.6 mmol/L and 25 mmol/L glucose,insulin concentrations were(0.05?0.01)?g/L and(0.13?0.02)?g/L respectively(n= 6).Conclusion E14.1 mouse ES cells can be induced to differentiate into insulin-secreting cells by the 5-step model system.Insulin-secreting cells can release insulin into culture medium when treated with glucose,and insulin concentrations increase with rising concentration of glucose.

ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemic situation of brucellosis in Datong city, and to provide scientific evidence for making appropriate prevention and control measures. MethodsSurveillance data of human brucellosis in 7 countris and 4 districts in Datong city between 2006 and 2009 were collected, throng the national network straight quote system in an infectious diseases. Excel database was established and all data were statistically analyzed. Incidence of brucellosis in local population was analyzed. The regional distribution, time distribution,occupation, age and sex distribution were analyzed. Epidemic characteristics and trend of brucellosis in Datong city were summarized. Results A total of 5195 cases of brucellosis patients in Datong were found between 2006 and 2009, the average incidence rate was 57.51/10 million. All counties had the disease, and the onset of the disease mainly in the spring and summer. Most cases were young males. Farmer case was 81.67％(4243/5195) of the total patients. ConclusionsFrom 2006 to 2009, epidemic characteristic of Datong human brucellosis ishigh-low-high(incidence). We suggests the Department concerned to strengthen the prevention and control of the disease in some counties, focusing on spreading of disease prevention and control knowledge among farmers and increase their self-protection awareness.

Objective To obtain acquired immunity evidence in hamsters elicited by third stage hookworm larvae of Necator americanas(NaL3).morphology changes of NaL3 and inflammatory responses in the skin and undedying subcutaneous tissue and muscles of hamsters were observed.Methods Hamsters were immunized subcutaneously with one dose of 150 NaL3 at 2 weeks earlier,and then challenged pereutaneously with 900 NaL3.Skins were excised from post-challenge hamsters at 6,24,72 hours and 1,2 weeks,and then examined under light microscopy.Non-immunized hamsters served as negative controls.Results In non-immunized hamsters the number of NaL3 were 15,33,11.0 and 0 at 6,24,72 hours and 1,2 weeks post-infection.No damaged or dead NaL3 section was observed.All NaL3 exhibited no structural damage and infihrating inflammatory cells were absent from the sunDunding tissues.There were no cutaneous changes.In contrast.the total number of Nak sections in the skin of immunized hamsters were 25,53,15,5 and 4 at 6,24,72 hours and 1,2 weeks post-challenge.Among these NaL3 sections,damaged and dead section number were 0,24,6,0,0 and 0,0,7,5,4.At 24 hours post-challenge the Nak exhibited cutieular swelling and damage.By 72 hours post-challenge pyknosis of the somatic cells nuclei and sparseness or loss of definition in the internal structures of NaL3 were seen.One or two weeks after chanenge,the NaL3 showed severe damage or even dead with remnants.Inflammatory responses including macrophages,epithelioid cells and eosinophils infiltrating and granulomata forming were mainly seen around the NaL3 sections in the skin of immunized hamsters.Conclusions Hamsters initially immunized with NaL3 exhibited obvious acquired immunity protection against percutaneously challenged infection as evidenced by vigorous inflammatory responses in the skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue and muscle.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of angiotensin Ⅱ antagonist (Valsartan)and angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor (Captopril) for the improvement of left ventricular systolic function(LVSF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at anterior wall. Methods A total of 75 patients with initial AMI at anterior wall were enlisted in the study. Patients were divided randomly into three groups: control group (n = 15), Captopril treated (n =30), and Valsartan treated (n =30). At 1 week and 28 weeks post AMI, the LVSF and left ventricular regional ejection fraction (LrEF) were measured by equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA). The t-test was used to compare the dada. Results ( 1 ) At 28 weeks, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular peak ejection rate (LPER) in Valsartan treated group were significantly increased as compared with those of control: ( 59.4 ± 8.6 ) % vs (44.9 ± 8.4)%, t = 3.87, P ＜ 0.01 for LVEF; (3.89 ± 1.01 ) end-diastolic volume (EDV)/s vs (2.84 ±1.05) EDV/s, t= 4.16, P ＜ 0.01 for LPER). The left ventricular time to peak ejection rate (LTPER) in Valsartan treated group was significantly decreased ( ( 116 ± 16 )ms vs ( 137 ±20) ms, t =2.16, P ＜ 0.05 ) as compared with control. (2)Compared with 1-week, 28-week Valsartan treated group had a significant increase inLrEF2, LrEF4, LrEF5, LrEF6: (71.6±18.8)% vs (57.0±11.4)%, t=2.11, P＜0.05;(78.1 ±16.8)% vs (68.9±21.0)%, t =2.06, P＜0.05; (70.5±16.9)% vs (59.9 ±23.4)%, t=1.99, P ＜ 0.05; and (58.1 ± 9.0) % vs (46.0 ± 18.9) %, t = 2.43, P ＜ 0.05, respectively. Conclusions Valsartan and Captopril are effective for the improvement of LVEF after AMI at anterior wall. The effects of the two drugs are similar.