Humans ; Parotid Gland ; surgery ; Parotid Neoplasms ; Ultrasonic Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; methods

This paper presents a high voltage generator for the defibrillator.Its principle and design method are introduced.The high voltage generator is the core part of the defibrillator which is necessary toany hospital.There is nodomestic-patented defibrillator by now and published paper specialized in the principle and design method of the high voltage generator for the defibrillator.

Objective To explore the clinical value of urethral dilation in treatment of female bladder outlet obstruction. Methods Thirty-five female bladder outlet obstruction patients were selected, and all the patients failed for more than 1 month inαreceptor blocker treatment. The patients underwent urethral dilation under local anaesthesia, once a week, for a total of 12 times. The international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QOL) and residual urine volume before and after treatment were examined. Results The IPSS, QOL and residual urine volume after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment: (10.23 ± 6.31) scores vs. (21.41 ± 3.71) scores, (2.31 ± 0.65) scores vs. (5.43 ± 0.60) scores and (20.73 ± 10.59) ml vs. (85.23 ± 12.15) ml, and there were statistical differences (P<0.01). Conclusions The urethral dilation is one of the effective treatments for female bladder outlet obstruction patients who fail in αreceptor blocker treatment. It can make a part of patients avoid invasive examination and surgery, and it is worth to be popularized in clinic and primary hospital.

AlM: To study the clinical effect of the application of microscopic pterygium resection combined with different concentration of mitomycin C ( MMC) .
METHODS:A total of 110 cases of pterygium patients (120 eyes) were randomly divided into control group (58 eyes) and observation group (62 eyes) according to the odd and even number method. The control group adopted the pterygium resection combined 0. 3mg/mL MMC, and the observation group was given pterygium resection combined 0. 2mg/mL MMC. The cure rate and the recurrence rate, eyesight before and after the treatment, two groups of cornea and sclera wound healing situation, the incidence of postoperative complications were compared.
RESULTS: The cure rate and recurrence rate of the control group was 84. 5% and 15. 5% respectively, and the observation group was 93. 6% and 6. 5% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). There were statistical differences of vision of the two groups before and after treatment (P<0. 05), and there were no statistical differences of the two groups between the two groups after treatment (P>0. 05). The cornea, sclera, wound healing time of the observation group were less than the control group, and there were statistical differences between the two groups ( P < 0. 05 ). The incidence of complications was 13. 8% in the control group and 3. 2% in observation group, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSlON: The application effect of microscopic pterygium resection combined with MMC is remarkable, and the joint of 0. 2mg/mL concentration of MMC is more safe and effective, and is worth popularizing in clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy for treatment of complicated ureteral calculi. Methods Clinical data of 56 cases with complicated ureteral calculi who were treated with ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy was reviewed. Among them 15 cases were proximal ureteral calculi,41 cases were middle and distal ureteral calculi. Treatment by extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) failed in 25 cases,8 cases complicated with fever. Results In 41 cases with middle and distal ureteral calculi, successful lithotripsy was achieved after the first treatment session,the success rate was 100.0% (41/41). In 15 cases with proximal ureteral calculi ,successful lithotripsy was achieved in 10 cases after the first treatment session,the success rate was 66.7%(l0/15). Calculi migrated to kidney in 3 cases who treated by ESWL for 1-2 times. The failure was due to ureteral kink in 1 case and due to ureteral perforation that required surgical repair in another case. Forty-nine cases were calculi-free after 4 weeks,the calculi-free rate was 87.5%(49/56). Emergency operation was performed in 8 cases complicated with fever. Successful lithotripsy was achieved after the first treatment session in 7 cases. In one patient,calculi migration occurred. Within all 8 cases obstruction was released and fever was allayed after operation.The complication rate was 1.8% (1/56). Conclusion Ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy for treatment of complicated ureteral calculi is a safe and effective method.

Objective To compare the clinical therapeutic effect of LigaSure vessel sealing system ,ultrasonic scalpel and mo‐nopolar high frequency electrocautery in open thyroid operation .Methods 293 cases of thyroid operation sequentially admitted in our hospital and in accordance with the inclusion criteria were collected and divided into three groups by the method of random dig ‐its table .There were 98 cases in the LigaSure vessel sealing system group (L‐Sure group) ,100 cases in the ultrasonic scalpel (US group) and 95 cases in the monopolar high frequency electrocautery (M‐E group) .The intraoperative and postoperative conditions were compared among 3 groups .Results The operation time ,intraoperative amount of bleeding and postoperative drainage in the L‐S group and the US group were significantly less than those in the M‐E group (P<0 .05) ,moreover the patient′s pain and the hos‐pitalization stay were reduced and the postoperative recovery was promoted (P<0 .05);but the differences between the L‐S group and the US group had no statistical significance (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The LigaSure vessel sealing system and ultrasonic scalpel can shorten the operation time ,reduce the amount of bleeding and postoperative drainage ,relieve pain and reduce the hospitalization duration .

OBJECTIVETo search for a simple and effective surgical approach to the management of moderate to severe pediatric concealed penis in children.

METHODSWe used Devine's technique via incision between the penis and scrotum in the treatment of 68 cases of moderate to severe pediatric concealed penis. The patients were aged 3 -13 (mean 6.5) years, 30 with moderate and 38 with severe pediatric concealed penis.

RESULTSThis strategy achieved good near- and long-term effects and satisfactory appearance of the penis, which was similar to that of circumcision. At 3 months after surgery, the penile length was 3 - 5.2 cm, averaging (2.35 +/- 0.35) cm.

CONCLUSIONDevine's technique via incision between the penis and scrotum is a simple and effective surgical option for moderate to severe pediatric concealed penis in children.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Scrotum ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods

Objective To investigate the expression of GOLPH3 in the tumor tissues of patients with gliomas and evaluate its clinical significance. Methods Seventy-six patients with brain gliomas (13 with grade Ⅰ, 27 grade Ⅱ, 25 grade Ⅲ and 11 with glioblastoma) performed surgical excision in our hospitals from July 2008 to December 2009 were chosen and 9 cases of normal brain tissues from patients performed decompression operation resulting from cerebral hernia were selected as the controls in our experiment. RT-PCR and Western-blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3. Results The results investigated by RT-PCR and Western-blotting were consistent,revealing that the mRNA and protein expression rate of GOLPH3 in glioma tissues was not significantly different between different grades of tumors (P＞0.05), but their expression value was obviously significant between different grades of tumors and increased in a grade-dependent manner (P＜0.05). And minimal mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3 were found in the tissues of controls. The up-regulative protein expression of GOLPH3 was positively correlated to the malignancy-grade of the gliomas (r,=0.961, P=0.000). Conclusion The mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3 are noted with positive correlation to the pathological grades of the gliomas, indicating th at GOLPH3 may play an important role in the generation and development of gliomas.

Objective To summarize the clinical experiences of mini-incision urological surgery.Methods The clinical data of 43 patients who received mini-incision surgery were reviewed retrospectively.The subjects included 5 adrenal tumor excisions,9 nephrectomy,13 unroofing of solitary renal cyst,4 pyeloplasty.12 pyelolithotomy and ureterolithotomy.Results All surgical procedures were successful in the 43 cases.The length of the incision ranged from 3 to 8 cm.The average operation time was 80 minutes and average blood loss was 100 ml. No patients needed blood transfusion during the operation.No serious complications such as the surrounding organ damage happened.The postoperative hospitalization was 5-7 d. Conclusion Mini-incision approach for urological operation has the advantages of minimal invasion,safety,rapid recovery and no requirement for special equipments.Its easy to be popularized in the primary hospital.

AIMTo observe the effects of urea on ECG and sodium currents of ventricular myocyte in mice.

METHODSECG and patch clamp techniques were used in the experiments, to record ECG of mice and sodium currents of ventricular myocyte in mice.

RESULTSUrea could lead mice heart rate evidently slow down (P < 0.01) with concentration dependent. The heart rate were (556 +/- 29, 469 +/- 37, 378 +/- 48) b minT in low, middle, high groups respectively before using urea and (612 +/- 27, 615 +/- 23, 619 +/- 26) x min(-1) after. The conduction block arrhythmia was happened in middle and high groups. The sodium currents of ventricular myocyte in mice was inhibited by urea(P < 0.05). The sodium currents amplitude value were reduced to (7.32 +/- 0.68, 5.69 +/- 0.64, 4.58 +/- 0.57) nA after using urea in each group and were (8.76 +/- 0.91, 8.87 +/- 1.01, 8.77 +/- 0.96) nA before, submit concentration dependent.

CONCLUSIONUrea can inhibit the sodium currents of ventricular myocyte in mice to make it happen conduction block arrhythmia.

Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Sodium Channels ; metabolism ; physiology ; Urea ; metabolism