Objective To discuss the role of leukocyte activation and inflammatory processes in the disease of chronic venous insufficiency(CVI).Methods The relevant literatures about the role of leukocyte activation and in- flammatory reaction in CVI were reviewed.Results The role of inflammatory reaction in occurrence and develop- ment of venous diseases has been studied a lot in recent years.It was found that the leukocyte activation and inflam- matory reaction are involved in the structural remodeling of venous valves and walls,leading to valvular incompe- tence and formation of varicose veins.Conclusion Leukocyte activation and inflammatory processes take important roles in the occurrence and progression of CVI.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of combination of thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) and enhanced flow (e-Flow) in the qualitative diagnosis of thyroid nodules; and to compare the diagnostic efficiency between e-Flow and color doppler flow imaging (CDFI. METHOD: The study chose 133 patients with 179 nodules (127 benign, 52 malignant nodules) who had per-operative ultrasound examination of their thyroid using grey-scale ultrasound, CDFI, e-Flow, and their noudles were graded by TI-RADS. Then the ultrasound diagnostic value were compared with their surgical pathology results by TI-RADS; TI-RADS and CDFI; TI-RADS and e-Flow, and diagnostic efficiency between e-Flow and CDFI were compared. RESULT: The results revealed that combination of TI-RADS and e-Flow had a higher sensitivity (94.23%, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between TI-RADS and the combination of TI-RADS and CDFI. Likewise, there was no significant difference between the combination of TI-RADS and e-Flow and the combination of TI-RADS and CDFI. The e-Flow showed a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy compare to the CDFI. CONCLUSION Combining e-Flow and TI-RADS could improve the sensitivity in qualitative diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Also, e-Flow has a better diagnostic efficiency of thyroid nodules.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thyroid Nodule ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo search for a simple and effective surgical approach to the management of moderate to severe pediatric concealed penis in children.

METHODSWe used Devine's technique via incision between the penis and scrotum in the treatment of 68 cases of moderate to severe pediatric concealed penis. The patients were aged 3 -13 (mean 6.5) years, 30 with moderate and 38 with severe pediatric concealed penis.

RESULTSThis strategy achieved good near- and long-term effects and satisfactory appearance of the penis, which was similar to that of circumcision. At 3 months after surgery, the penile length was 3 - 5.2 cm, averaging (2.35 +/- 0.35) cm.

CONCLUSIONDevine's technique via incision between the penis and scrotum is a simple and effective surgical option for moderate to severe pediatric concealed penis in children.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Scrotum ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods

Animals ; China ; Hantavirus Infections ; veterinary ; Rodent Diseases ; virology

AlM: To study the clinical effect of the application of microscopic pterygium resection combined with different concentration of mitomycin C ( MMC) .
METHODS:A total of 110 cases of pterygium patients (120 eyes) were randomly divided into control group (58 eyes) and observation group (62 eyes) according to the odd and even number method. The control group adopted the pterygium resection combined 0. 3mg/mL MMC, and the observation group was given pterygium resection combined 0. 2mg/mL MMC. The cure rate and the recurrence rate, eyesight before and after the treatment, two groups of cornea and sclera wound healing situation, the incidence of postoperative complications were compared.
RESULTS: The cure rate and recurrence rate of the control group was 84. 5% and 15. 5% respectively, and the observation group was 93. 6% and 6. 5% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). There were statistical differences of vision of the two groups before and after treatment (P<0. 05), and there were no statistical differences of the two groups between the two groups after treatment (P>0. 05). The cornea, sclera, wound healing time of the observation group were less than the control group, and there were statistical differences between the two groups ( P < 0. 05 ). The incidence of complications was 13. 8% in the control group and 3. 2% in observation group, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSlON: The application effect of microscopic pterygium resection combined with MMC is remarkable, and the joint of 0. 2mg/mL concentration of MMC is more safe and effective, and is worth popularizing in clinical application.

Objective To estimate the difference of PS、CBV/CBF in the evaluation pf angiogenesis and growth behavior of the C6 glioma.Methods Sixty adult Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups randomly.CT perfusion were performed at the time of 5,13,20 d after the rats were inoculated C6 glioma cells.Permeability surface(PS),cerebral blood volume(CBV),cerebral blood flow(CBF)of different part of the tumor(central part,peripheral part,adjacent part and contralateral normal parenchyma)were measured at different time.Results At the central parts of the lesions,there were obvious difference between different time of tumor growth among PS[(3.94?0.15),(8.47?0.34),(5.20?0.65)ml? 100g~(-1)?min~(-1)],CBF[(280.33?8.82),(388.33?14.00),(116.16?11.54)ml? 100g~(-1)?min~(-1)],CBV[(7.75?0.27),(12.73?0.98),(5.14?0.66)ml?100g~(-1)](F=4.421,P= 0.013;F=11.370,P=0.000;F=15.789,P=0.000).There were statistical difference of PS at the different time in both the peripheral and adjacent parts of the glioma.(F=13.567,P=0.000;F=12.470, P=0.000).No difference were detected in CBF or CBV at different time of the peripheral parts of the tumors(F=1.176,P=0.336;F=0.148,P=0.710).there were significant difference between different time of tumor growth among CBF[(175.33?12.95),(275.50?13.76),(246.33?12.81)ml? 100g~(-1)?min~(-1)],CBV[(4.15?0.47),(8.05?0.30),(7.54?0.89)ml?100g~(-1)]at the adjacent parts of the tumors(F=24.176,P=0.000;F=17.148,P=0.000;F=15.791,P=0.000). Coneluslon CBV,CBF can reflect the number and volume of the tumor vessels,while PS can directly reflect the function of the angiogenesis and the behavior of the glioma.

AIM:To point the susceptible gene in Avellino corneal dystrophy family with autosomal dominant inheritance.
●METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood samples of all individuals of the pedigree. Several microsatellite makers were selected for gene scan in the hot regions of mutation. Linkage analysis was carried out using a Linkage software package. The haplotype data were processed using Cyrillic software to define the region of the disease gene.
●RESULTS: ln our pedigree, significant evidence of linkage was obtained at marker D5S396 and D5S393 [LOD score (Z)=3. 01, recombination fraction (θ)=0. 00]. The haplotype analysis of our pedigree was located between the microsatellite markers D5S808 and D5S638.
●CONCLUSION:The pathogenic gene of the Avellino corneal dystrophy pedigree is traced to a 11. 2 cM region in the chromosome 5q.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the long-term effects of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) on heamodynamic changes and cardiac structure and function in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients.

METHODSData were collected from 50 non-diabetic hemodialysis patients (aged 18 to 60 years) who had used AVF as the vascular access. AVF flow (Qa), stoke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), central blood volume (CBV) and peripheral vascular resistance (PR) were measured using the ultrasound dilution technique. Echocardiography was performed in the second day after hemodialysis sessions to evaluate the influence of AVF on the cardiac structure and function.

RESULTSThe cubic polynomial regression model best fit the relationships of Qa with SV, CO, and CI. CO and CI significantly increased and PR reduced when the Qa of AVF was more than 2.0 L/min(all P<0.05), and no statistical difference of CO, CI and PR in groups of Qa between 0.6-2.0 L/min and less than 0.6 L/min(all P>0.05). In different Qa groups, the grades of cardiac function (based on New York Heart Association classification) showed significant difference, among which the cardiac failure was significantly common when Qa >2.0 L/min(both P<0.05). Echocardiography showed the left atrium dimension, thickness of posterior wall and interventricular seprum of left ventricle, left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) and end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), venae cava inferior, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure gradually increased when Qa increased, while the ejection fraction and fractional shortening reduced(all P<0.05). Notably, the changes of LVESD, LVEDD, and venae cava inferior with different Qa were statistically significant(all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLong-term AVF remarkably affects the cardiovascular dynamics of non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. A cubic polynomial regression model best fits the relationship of AVF Qa with SV, CO, and CI. The cardiac adaptic changes after long-term AVF include the enlargement of left ventricle and the thickening of ventricular wall. The risk of cardiac failure significantly increases when the Qa of AVF is more than 2.0 L/min with much higher CO and lower PR.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Renal Dialysis ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo prospectively determinate the association of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function with intradialytic hypotension (IDH) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

METHODSTotally 115 patients with sinus rhythm were included in this study and divided into IDH group (n=29) and control group (n=86). The cardiac function was assessed by New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification before hemodialysis. Echocardiograms were performed in the next day after hemodialysis and the software of GE EchoPAC was used to estimate parameters of cardiac systolic and diastolic functions including ejection fraction, fractional shortening of left ventricular diameter, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), left ventricular mass index, Tei index, isovolumetric relaxation time, E-deceleration time, mitral inflow peak early diastolic velocity (E) to late diastolic velocities (A) ratio, and E to peak mitral annulus velocity (E/Em) ratio.

RESULTSThe mean age (p=0.045) and the ratio of heart failure evaluated by the NYHA classification (p<0.01) were significantly higher in IDH group than those in control group. No difference was noted for gender, body mass index, duration of dialysis, body weight elevated rate and blood pressure between these two groups (all p>0.05). Left ventricular diameters at the end of diastolic phase, SV, and CO in IDH group were significantly lower than those in control group (all P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was found for EF, FS, Tei index, IVRT, EDT, E/A and E/Em ratio (all p>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NYHA cardiac function was an independent predictor of IDH, and the risk of IDH increased by 1.134 times with incremental one grade of NYHA classification.

CONCLUSIONSIDH is a common complication of hemodialysis. Neither systolic dysfunction nor diastolic dysfunction of left ventricle evaluated in second day after hemodialysis affects its frequency, whereas the clinical cardiac function is an independent predictor of IDH.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Hypotension ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study modified ilioinguinal approach through the retrospective analysis on the surgical treatment of 63 patients with pelvic and acetabular fractures through anterior approach.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2013, 63 patients with pelvic and acetabular fractures were treated with the ilioinguinal anterior approach, including 45 males and 18 females, ranging in age from 12 to 68 years old, with an average of (37.71 +/- 13.41) years old. All the patients were divided into two groups: standard ilioinguinal anterior approach group (group A) and modified ilioinguinal anterior approach group(group B). In group A, there were 26 males and 11 females, with an average age of (38.49 +/- 13.64) years old. In group B, there were 19 males and 7 females, with an average age of (36.62 +/- 13.29) years old. Intraoperative and postoperative indicators in group A and B were observed and compared, including operation incision exposure time (from skin incision to complete the ilioinguinal in front of three "windows"), the blood loss, incision close time and treatment effect of Majeed function score.

RESULTSCompared to group A, the incision exposure time of patients in group B was shorter, the blood loss (bleeding during exposure process) was less, and the close incision time was shorter, but the treatment effect of Majeed function score had no significant differences between two groups. All the patients were followed up, and the during ranged from 3 to 36 months, with an average of (18.6 +/- 9.2) months. According to Matta standard assessment reduction of pelvic and acetabular fracture, there were 28 patients got an excellent result, 8 good, and 1 fair in the group A; and 20 patients got an excellent result, 5 good, and 1 fair in the group B. According to Majeed function score for hip function, 20 patients got a satisfactory result, 12 good,4 fair and 1 poor in group A, and the mean score was 82.51 +/- 9.72; and 13 patients got an satisfactory result, 10 good, 3 fair and 0 poor in group B, and the mean score was 80.54 +/- 10.79.

CONCLUSIONThe modified approach has several advantages as follows: providing a good surgical exposure; preventing from the injury of femoral nerve, femoral artery and vein under the inguinal ligament; not needing to open the inguinal canal, which can avoid the occurrence of inguinal hernia, reduce operation prodedures and shorten operation time.

Acetabulum ; injuries ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult