Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immune System Diseases ; immunology ; Male ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology

Xanthan gum is a microbial, natural high molecular weight polysaccharide produced by a the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris. Due to its exceptional rheological properties, its numerous areas of application cover a broad range. This review focuses on various aspects of xanthan production, properties, degradation, and application.

The traditional view of bacterial life cycle consists of four phases,namely,lag phase,exponential or logarithmic phase,stationary phase and death phase.Although the standard textbook description of the bacterial life cycle has been useful,might not always provide us the whole visage of bacteria growth process.Recently,it has demonstrated that bacterial life cycle is expanded to five phases.It is a significant different growth phase after death phase:long-term stationary phase,which may be more akin to the nature environment in which microorganisms exist.Microbial cells survive due to mutating,and forming growth advantage during stationary phase (GASP) phenotype in this phase.It is very important for further study the microorganisms in this phase.

Objective To explore the relationship between psychological problems in middle school students and parental rearing behaviors.Methods It was a cross-sectional study.By means of cluster sampling,2700 students selected from 7 middle schools in Nanning were investigated with Symptom Check List-90(SCL-90),the Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran(EMBU) scale and the General Information Questionnair.Results The prevalence of psychological problems was 14.5%.Correlation analysis showed that the total score and factor-scores of SCL-90 had positive correlation with parental punishment,rejection,preference and overprotection.The total score and factor-scores of SCL-90 was negatively related to parental emotional concern.Conclusions Psychological problems in middle school students are closely related to parental rearing behaviors,and incorrect parental rearing behavior is one risk factor of psychological problems in the middle school students.

Objective To investigate the changes of protein kinase C(PKC)activity in peripheral blood T lymphocytes in children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(CITP)and the relationship between PKC activity,T lymphocytes activation and thrombocytes decrease.Methods Collecting sterile peripheral blood from CITP children(n=30)and healthy children(n=30),T lymphocytes were isolated and purified by the T cell segregation enrichment column,the PKC activity was detected by non-radioactive assay.Soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R),which was T cell activated marker,was determined by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay(ELISA),platelet was counted by cell counting meter.Results Compared with healthy children,PKC activity was significantly enhanced in CITP children[(0.94?0.23)mmol/(min?L)vs(0.50?0.17)mmol/(min?L),t= 8.42 P

Objective To investigate the effect of LI-cadherin- SiRNA protein on the growth and metastatic potentials of transplanted human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Hep3B) in nude mice.Methods We transfected LI-cadherin- SiRNA to Hep3B cells,Hep3B cell suspension (transfected or control ) was injected subcapsullaryly into the spleen of nude mice,hepatic metastasis was observed by naked eye and immunohistochemistry.In addition,Western-blot was used to detect the level of LI-cadherin in different metastatic site.Results (1) Hep3B was green after successful transfect interference vector under fluorescence inverted microscope,in this study,the transfect rate was 80％.(2) Hep3B liver metastasis model in nude mice was established.The metastasis rates in the empty plasmid carrying group,the control group and the SiRNA transfect group were 50％,60％ and 80％,respectively.The number of metastasis caner nodules in the SiRNA transfect group was 26,significantly higher than other two groups.(3) The level of protein expression for LI-cadherin in the SiRNA transfect group is significantly lower than the control group and the empty plasmid carrying group.Conclusions LI-cadherin is crucial and important for the adhension capability of HCC in its migration.SiRNA transfected LI-cadherin increases the metastasis in a nude mouse model inoculated with human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines.

[Objective] To investigate the anti-proliferative and apoptosis effect induced by Honokiol (HNK) on human myeloid leukemia cell line U937 cells in vitro.[Methods] After treated with different concentration of HNK,Hoechst33342 fluorescent staining was used to detect cell apoptosis;the growth inhibition ration of U937 cells and PBMCs were analyzed by MTT assay;the apoptosis ration was detected by flow cytometry;mitochondrial membrane potential was explored by rhodamine 123 stain;Caspase3/7 protein activity kit was used to test the Caspase3/7 activity;the Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 mRNA levels were detected by real-time fluorescent relative-quantification reverse transcriptional PCR (FQ-PCR).[Results] Honokiol could significantly inhibit the proliferation of U937 cells in terms of the indexes of IC50/U937 11.8 μg/mL and IC50/PBMCs 40.3 μg/mL,and the anti-proliferative effect was in a time and concentration dependent manner;Flow cytometry analysis manifested that Honokiol could induce U937cells apoptosis by Annexin V/PI double Annexin V/PI fluorescein stain;Honokiol significantly inhibited the mitochondrial membrane potential of U937 cells and enhanced the ability of Caspase3/7 and the mRNA expression levels,but not the PBMCs.[Conclusion] HNK can inhibit U937 cells proliferation and induce cells apoptosis via activating Caspase 3/7.

AlM: To investigate the effect of endocapsular phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens (lOL) implantation with a 1. 8mm or 3. 0mm clear corneal incision on total root mean square ( RMS ) value of the cornea, corneal astigmatism, spherical aberration, coma, trefoil and tear film.
METHODS:ln a prospective study, 156 age- related patients ( 196 eyes ) were randomly distributed into two groups. 1. 8mm-group comprised 94 eyes that had a silicone lOL inserted through a 1. 8mm sutureless clear corneal incision, while, 3. 0mm- group comprised 102 eyes through a 3. 0mm clear corneal incision. Postoperatively, the changes in the total RMS value of the cornea, corneal astigmatism, spherical aberration, coma, trefoil and tear film at 1wk, 1 and 3mo were determined respectively.
RESULTS:ln both groups, postoperatively at 1wk,there were statistically significant differences ( P<0. 05 ) in the total RMS value of the cornea, corneal astigmatism, spherical aberration, coma, trefoil and tear film, while, there were statistically minimal differences ( P< 0. 05 ) between 1. 8mm-group and 3. 0mm-group at 1mo, but were not statistically significantly different ( P > 0. 05 ) between two groups at 3mo postoperative.
CONCLUSlON:This study confirms that incision size has strong impact on the corneal higher-order aberrations, especially, 3. 0mm incision caused significant differences in the total RMS value of cornea, corneal astigmatism, spherical aberration, coma, trefoil and tear film compared with 1. 8mm micro-incision, therefore, micro-incision is very beneficial for clinical use in phacoemulsification.

Objective To release the correlation of point mutation of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase(PAF-AH)gene and primary nephritic syndrome (PNS).Method According to the effect of hormonal therapy,94 children with PNS were divided into three groups:steroid-sensitive nephritic syndrome(SSNS),steroid-resistent nephritic syndrome(SRNS),steroid-dependent nephritic syndrome(SDNS).The point mutation of PAF-AH gene (G994T) were identified by molecular biology technique in children with PNS and 239 healthy children were set as control group.Results No statistics differences were found relating to the genotype and allele frequencies between patients with PNS,SSNS,SRNS and normal controls.But it is confirmed that the genotype and allele frequencies among patients with nephritic type nephritic syndrome (NTNS)was higher than patients with simple type nephritic syndrome(STNS) and normal controls.SDNS was higher than both SSNS and normal controls.The number of relapses during the first year after onset was significantly higher in the patients who were heterozygous for the mutant allele (GT) or homozygotes (TT) than in those of the GG homozygotes.Conclusion Most PNS children with PAF-AH gene mutation occurred at position 994 were NTNS.The risk of relapse during the treatment period was higher in patients with PAF-AH gene mutation occurred at position 994.

Objective To explore antiviral efficacy, safety and blocking of mother-to-infant transmission by administrating telbivudine in pregnant patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) throughout pregnancy. Methods Sixty-four cases of female patients were enrolled. The study participants were divided into the telbivudine treatment group (n = 31) and the control group (n = 33). Data were recorded from beginning of administration to ending pregnancy, as well as notation of any adverse reactions. The neonates and infants were evaluated in HBV infection, parameters of growth and development. Results The recovery rates of ALT, respectively, were 90.32% vs. 57.58% (P = 0.003), 93.55% vs. 62.50% (P = 0.003) at 24 weeks and ante partum and the HBVDNA-negative conversion rates, respectively, were 48.39% vs. 3.03% (P = 0.000), 83.87%vs. 6.06% (P = 0.000), 90.32% vs. 6.25% (P = 0.000) respectively, at 12, 24 weeks of pregnancy and at ante partum between the treatment and control groups. The HBsAg-positive and HBVDNA-positive rates of the infants, respectively, were 12.90% vs. 37.50% (P = 0.025) and 0 vs. 21.88% (P = 0.018) at birth, and respectively, were all 0 vs. 18.75% (P = 0.035) and 0 vs. 18.75% (P = 0.035) at 1, 6, 12 months old between the treatment and control groups. The treatment group showed lower incidence of intrauterine HBV infection (0 vs. 18.75%, P = 0.035). The gestational ages, fetal weights and Apgar scores were not significant different in the children born in the mothers from the two groups. Conclusions Telbivudine administration showed a good antiviral curative effect and effectively blocked mother-to-infant transmission in women with CHB. The treatment was safe and caused no obvious adverse reaction.