Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of zithromax combined with Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of myco-plasma pneumonia and their effects on humoral immunity function.Methods Eighty-seven patients with mycoplasma pneumonia were in-cluded in this study.Of the 87 children , 51 were treated with zithromax ( control group ) and others were treated with zithromax combined with Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike oral liquid ( experiment group ).The clinical efficacy and serum immune index were compared between two groups after treat-ment.Results The clinical efficacy rate of experiment group (88.9%) was much higher than control group ( 70.6%) after one week treatment ( P<0.05 ).After treatment , the serum immunoglobulin M ( IgM ) and immunoglobulin A ( IgA) were significantly decreased in the two groups , with the experiment group decreasing more significantly ( P<0.05 ).The cough scores in the experiment group were significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion Zithromax combined with Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike oral liquid can significantly improve clinical efficacy and reduce the immune response in children .

BACKGROUNDPodocyte apoptosis is recently indicated as an early phenomenon of diabetic nephropathy. Pancreatic β-cells exposed to saturated free fatty acid palmitate undergo irreversible endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and consequent apoptosis, contributing to the onset of diabetes. We hypothesized that palmitate could induce podocyte apoptosis via ER stress, which initiates or aggravates proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy.

METHODSPodocyte apoptosis was detected by 4',6-diamidio-2-phenylindole (DAPI) stained apoptotic cell count and Annexin V-PI stain. The expressions of ER molecule chaperone glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), indicators of ER-associated apoptosis C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and Bcl-2 were assayed by Western blotting and real-time PCR. GRP78 and synaptopodin were co-localized by immunofluorescence stain.

RESULTSPalmitate significantly increased the percentage of cultured apoptotic murine podocytes time-dependently when loading 0.75 mmol/L (10 hours, 13 hours, and 15 hours compared with 0 hour, P < 0.001) and dose-dependently when loading palmitate ranging from 0.25 to 1.00 mmol/L for 15 hours (compared to control, P < 0.001). Palmitate time-dependently and dose-dependently increased the protein expression of GRP78 and CHOP, and decreased that of Bcl-2. Palmitate loading ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 mmol/L for 12 hours significantly increased mRNA of GRP78 and CHOP, and decreased that of Bcl-2 compared to control (P < 0.001), with the maximum concentration being 0.75 mmol/L. Palmitate 0.5 mmol/L loading for 3 hours, 8 hours, and 12 hours significantly increased mRNA of GRP78 and CHOP, and decreased that of Bcl-2 compared to 0 hour (P < 0.001), with the maximum effect at 3 hours. Confocal microscopy demonstrated that GRP78 expression was significantly increased when exposed to 0.5 mmol/L of palmitate for 8 hours compared to control.

CONCLUSIONPalmitate could induce podocyte apoptosis via ER stress, suggesting podocyte apoptosis and consequent proteinuria caused by lipotoxic free fatty acid could be ameliorated by relief of ER stress.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; physiology ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; analysis ; physiology ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Palmitic Acid ; pharmacology ; Podocytes ; drug effects ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness and the practicability of the Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster 95 (ALL-BFM 95) protocol in treating childhood high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (HR-ALL).

METHODSA retrospective analysis of 47 children with newly diagnosed HR-ALL between July 2003 and August 2013 was performed. These children were treated by the ALL-BFM 95 protocol. Survival was evaluated by Kaplan Meier analysis and Log-Rank test.

RESULTSRelapse-related death occurred in 12 of 47 patients (26%), and 5 of 47 patients (11%) were treatment-related mortality. Five-year probability of event-free-survival (pEFS) was 62%. Children with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after chemotherapy achieved significantly better pEFS than those with chemotherapy alone (77% vs 52%; P=0.035). The patients who were only poor responders to prednisone had a better outcome (5-year pEFS 80%) than the Days 15 and 33 bone marrow M3 subgroups (5-year pEFS 60% and 0 respectively).

CONCLUSIONSALL-BFM 95 protocol can improve the outcome of children with high-risk ALL. The major cause of death is attributed to relapse. Chemotherapy plus HSCT can produce a better outcome than chemotherapy alone. The Days 15 and 33 bone marrow M3 subgroups have a poor prognosis.

Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Risk ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: The majority of children with β-thalassemia major have iron overload, and iron overload may have negative effects on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of liver and cardiac iron overload detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2* on HLA-identical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with β-thalassemia major. METHODS: Eighty-one children with β-thalassemia major who were over 3 years of age and could cooperate with MRI detection were subjected to liver and heart MRI T2* tests before or after HLA-identical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. According to the test results, we calculated the liver and cardiac iron content, defined as an indicator of liver and heart iron overload. Then, there was a correlation analysis between the liver and cardiac iron content and serum ferritin, time of hematopoietic reconstitution, mortality rate, implantation rate and the morbidity of transplantation related complications, such as graft-versus-host disease, infections, autoimmune hemolysis, pancytopenia, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, septicemia. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The liver iron content was positively correlated with the time of hemoglobin implantation (r=0.229, P=0.043), and the cardiac iron content were positively correlated with the mortality rate (r=0.266, P=0.017); the serum ferritin level was negatively correlated with the implantation rate (r=-0.289, P=0.009), and positively correlated with the morbidity of septicemia (r=0.251, P=0.024) and pancytopenia (r=0.276, P=0.013). Therefore, iron overload exerts negative effects on HLA-identical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in β-thalassemia major children, and it is necessary to detect serum ferritin level and assess liver and cardiac iron overload before cell transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of serum S 100B protein concentrations in children with Tourette′s syndrome ( TS).Meth-ods One hundred and sixty -four children with TS recruited from Feb 2010 to Mar 2013 in our hospital were deemed as case group.And 98 healthy children in the same period were collected from the same depart -ment for control group.All of the children in the two groups were tested for S100B level in the serum by using ELISA array.Results The serum level of S100B in healthy children and children with TS was negatively correla-ted with age which significantly decreased with age increased.There was no significance on the diference in two groups of the 3-6 years old .There were significance on the diference in two groups both 7-10 years old and 11-14 years old.The serum S100B protein level was much higher in pa-tients with TS compared with healthy children (P<0.05).Conclusion The serum level of S100B was associated age and much higher in TS than that of in healthy children.

Objective To investigate the dynamic change and associated risk factors of HIV sero-conversion rate in Beijing.Methods 809 sero-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) were recruited in the cohort from August to December in 2009.HIV sero-antibody,medicinal examination and behavior questionnaire interview were carried out every six months.Results 962 MSM with overall baseline prevalence of HIV infection as 6.34％ (61/962) together with 809 seronegative MSM,were enrolled in the cohort.Of the 809 sero-negative participants,95.1％ (769/809),85.5％ ( 692/809 ) and 71.0％ ( 574/809 ) of them were retained in the 6-month,12-month and 18- month follow-up visits,with 19,29 and 17 of them became HIV sero-conversion at 6-month,12-month,and 18-month follow-up visits and the HIV incidence rates appeared to be 5.47,12.37 and 6.86 per 100 person-years respectively.The HIV incidence was 7.59 per 100 person-years in the 18 months follow-up visit.Factors including:younger than 25-years old (HR =2.32,95％CI:1.39-3.87),having more than 8 MSM partners (HR=2.50,95％CI:1.49-4.20),less than RMB 2000 Yuan every month income (HR=1.76,95％CI:1.06-2.95 ),having more than 4 homosexual partners in the last six months (HR=3.50,95％ CI:2.11 -5.81 ),showing phimosis and redundant prepuce (HR=2.47,95％ CI:1.50-4.07 ) as well as positive syphilis test (HR=2.62,95％CI:1.53-4.49) etc.,were significantly associated with HIV incidence.Conclusion High HIV incidence was shown among MSM in Beijing and had spread fast in this population,calling for more favorable prevention measures to be taken.

BACKGROUNDDue to the quick rhythm of life and work pressure, more and more people suffer from sleep quality problems. In this study, we investigated the effect of electroacupuncture on sleep quality of chronic insomniacs and the safety of electroacupuncture therapy.

METHODSFour courses of electroacupuncture treatment were applied to 47 patients. With pre-treatment and post-treatment self-control statistical method, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores were used for evaluating sleep quality. Polysomnogram was used for detecting insomniacs' changes in sleep architecture. The safety of electroacupuncture was evaluated by monitoring the self-designed adverse events and side effects during treatment and post-treatment.

RESULTSElectroacupuncture considerably improved insomniacs' sleep quality and social function during the daytime. Electroacupuncture had certain repairing effect on the disruption in sleep architecture. At the same time, electroacupuncture prolonged slow wave sleep (SWS) time and relatively rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep) time. There was no hangover, addiction or decrements in vigilance during the daytime (incidence rate was 0). However, insomnia rebound rate was about 23% within one month.

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that electroacupuncture has beneficial effect on sleep quality improvement in the patients with chronic insomnia, which may be associated with repairing sleep architecture, reconstructing sleep continuity, as well as prolonging SWS time and REM sleep time. Electroacupuncture treatment for chronic insomnia is safe. Therefore, electroacupuncture therapy could be a promising avenue of treatment for chronic insomnia.

Adult ; Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Sleep, REM

This investigation is to delete the most of the coding sequence (1104 bp) of the IV a2 gene in an adenovirus genome by a lambda-Red recombinase system-mediated PCR-targeting approach and rescue a recombinant adenovirus with IV a2 deletion. First, the template pAK of PCR targeting, containing kanamycin cassette, was constructed. Then, a linear fragment for PCR targeting, which had 39 bp homologous arms at both of its terminus, was amplified by PCR from the pAK. The pFG140 and the linear fragment were electroporated into E. coli BW25113/pIJ790 sequentially and the recombinant pFG140-deltaIV a2 (1104) was established by homologous recombination between the linear fragment and the pFG140 with aid of X-Red recombinase. The precise deletion of 1 104 bp fragment from IV a2 was confirmed by restriction endonucleases digestion and DNA sequencing. ORF of IV a2 was amplified by PCR from pFG140 and then cloned into the pAAV2neo vector. The recombinant adenovirus Ad5delta IV a2 (1104) was rescued by co-transfection of pFG140-deltaIV a2 (1104) and pAAV2neo-IV a2 into HEK293 cells. It was shown by Western Blot that IV a2 could not be detected in the Ad5deltaIV a2 (1104)- infected HEK293 cells. This study established a PCR-targeting strategy for manipulating adenovirus genome directly by a lambda-Red recombinase system, and a recombinant adenovirus with IV a2 deletion was obtained.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Genome, Viral ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinases ; metabolism ; Sequence Deletion ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; Virus Assembly

Objective: To explore whether hsa_circ_0000670 promotes the progression of gastric cancer by regulating the miR-515-5p/SIX1 molecular axis. Methods: The gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues of 35 gastric cancer patients admitted to Rugao Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University from 2014 to 2015 were collected. The expression levels of circ_0000670, miR-515-5p and Sine oculis homeobox 1 (SIX1) in gastric cancer tissues and cells were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The correlations between circ_0000670 and miR-515-5p, miR-515-5p and SIX1, circ_0000670 and SIX1 were analyzed by the Pearson method. Patients were divided into low circ_0000670 expression group (17 cases) and high circ_0000670 expression group (18 cases) based on the median of circ_0000670 expression level, and Kaplan-Meier was used to analyze the 5-year survival of patients. Cell proliferation was assessed via clone formation assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to detect cell migration and invasion ability. The targeting relationship between miR-515-5p and circ_0000670 or SIX1 was confirmed by the dual luciferase reporter assay. Nude mice were injected into HGC-27 cells transfected with sh-NC or sh-circ_0000670, and the volume and weight of the transplanted tumor were measured, also, the levels of circ_0000670, miR-515-5p and SIX1 in the transplanted tumor tissue were detected. Results: The expression levels of circ_0000670 and SIX1 in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the expression levels of miR-515-5p were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The survival rate of patients in the low circ_0000670 expression group (82.4%) was significantly higher than that in the high circ_0000670 expression group (28.7%, P=0.034). Circ_0000670 was negatively correlated with miR-515-5p (r=-0.846, P<0.001), and miR-515-5p was negatively correlated with SIX1 (r=-0.615, P<0.001), but circ_0000670 was positively correlated with SIX1 (r=0.814, P<0.001). Transfection of si-circ_0000670 or miR-515-5p mimic could significantly reduce the number of clone-forming cells, migration distance, migration and invasion cells (P<0.05), and increase the ratio of G(0)/G(1) phase cells, apoptosis rate and the protein level of E-cadherin (P<0.05), decreased the proportion of S-phase cells and the protein level of Vimentin (P<0.05). The dual luciferase report assay confirmed that circ_0000670 could target miR-515-5p, and miR-515-5p could bind to SIX1. Co-transfection of si-circ_0000670 and miR-515-5p inhibitor could significantly attenuate the effects of si-circ_0000670 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis (P<0.05). Co-transfection of miR-515-5p mimic and pcDNA-SIX1 could significantly reduce the effects of miR-515-5p mimic on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle and apoptosis (P<0.05). Compared with the sh-NC group [volume=(596.20±125.46) mm(3) and weight=(538.00±114.39) g], the volume and weight of transplanted tumors in the sh-circ_0000670 group [volume=(299.20±47.58) mm 3 and weight=(289.80±48.73 g)] were significantly reduced (P<0.05), the expression levels of circ_0000670 and SIX1 were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the expression level of miR-515-5p was significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Knockdown of circ_0000670 could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion of gastric cancer cells, induce cell cycle arrest in G(0)/G(1) phase and promote cell apoptosis by regulating the miR-515-5p/SIX1 axis.
Animals ; Mice ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Mice, Nude ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Stomach Neoplasms/genetics*

BACKGROUND:We have successfully established an animal model of small ear pig in southern Yunnan province with internal tension relieving technique combined with autologous Achilles tendon for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction,and verified the stability and reliability of the model.However,whether internal tension relieving technique can promote the ligamentalization process of autologous Achilles tendon graft has not been studied. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differences in the process of ligamentalization between conventional reconstruction and internal reduction reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by gross view,histology and electron microscopy. METHODS:Thirty adult female small ear pigs in southern Yunnan province were selected.Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was performed on the left knee joint with the ipsilateral knee Achilles tendon(n=30 in the normal group),and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was performed on the right knee joint with the ipsilateral knee Achilles tendon combined with the internal relaxation and enhancement system(n=30 in the relaxation group).The autogenous right forelimb was used as the control group;the anterior cruciate ligament was exposed but not severed or surgically treated.At 12,24,and 48 weeks after surgery,10 animals were sacrificed,respectively.The left and right knee joint specimens were taken for gross morphological observation to evaluate the graft morphology.MAS score was used to evaluate the excellent and good rate of the ligament at each time point.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to evaluate the degree of ligament graft vascularization.Collagen fibers and nuclear morphology were observed,and nuclear morphology was scored.Ultrastructural remodeling was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The ligament healing shape of the relaxation group was better at various time points after surgery,and the excellent and good rate of MAS score was higher(P<0.05).Moreover,the relaxation group could obtain higher ligament vascularization score(P<0.05).(2)The arrangement of collagen bundles and fiber bundles in the two groups gradually tended to be orderly,and the transverse fiber connections between collagen gradually increased and thickened,suggesting that the strength and shape degree of the grafts were gradually improved,but the ligament remodeling in the relaxation group was always faster than that in the normal group at various time points after surgery.(3)The diameter,distribution density,and arrangement degree of collagen fibers in the relaxation group were better than those in the normal group at all time points,especially in the comparison of collagen fiber diameter between and within the relaxation group(P<0.05).