OBJECTIVETo investigate the synergistic effects of carnosic acid (CA) with arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) on proliferation and apoptosis in HL-60 human myeloid leukemia cells, and the major cellular signaling pathway involved in these effects.

METHODSHL-60 cellular proliferation was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) analysis. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were monitored by flow cytometry. The activation of casepase-9, Bcl-2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD), p-BAD, p27, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), Akt, p-Akt was assessed by Western blot analysis. The expression of PTEN mRNA was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis.

RESULTSCA reduced HL-60 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and induced G1 arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, CA upregulated PTEN expression, blocked the Akt signaling pathway, subsequently inhibited phosphorylation of BAD, reactivated caspase-9, and elevated levels of p27. CA also augmented these effects of As₂O₃.

CONCLUSIONCA might be a novel candidate of the combination therapy for leukemia treatment; these effects were apparently associated with the modulation of PTEN/Akt signaling pathway.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; DNA Primers ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; pharmacology ; Drug Synergism ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

BACKGROUNDRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive technique used to alter cortex excitability that has been proposed as an efficient method for treating brain hyperexcitability or hypoexcitability disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate whether high-frequency rTMS could have any beneficial effects in restless legs syndrome (RLS).

METHODSFourteen patients with RLS were given high-frequency rTMS (15 Hz, 100% motor threshold) to the leg representation motor cortex area of the frontal lobe for 14 sessions over 18 days. Patients were diagnosed according to the international criteria proposed by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group in 2003. The International RLS Rating Scale (IRLS-RS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale were used to evaluate the severity of RLS, sleep quality, anxiety and depression, respectively. The scale scores were evaluated at four-time points (baseline, end of the 14 th session, and at 1- and 2-month posttreatment). One-way analysis of variance was used to compare scale scores at different time points.

RESULTSThere was significant improvement in the IRLS-RS (from 23.86 ± 5.88 to 11.21 ± 7.23, P < 0.05), PSQI (from 15.00 ± 4.88 to 9.29 ± 3.91, P < 0.05), and HAMA (from 17.93 ± 7.11 to 10.36 ± 7.13, P < 0.05) scale scores at the end of 14 th session, with ongoing effects lasting for at least 2 months.

CONCLUSIONSHigh-frequency rTMS can markedly alleviate the motor system symptoms, sleep disturbances, and anxiety in RLS patients. These results suggest that rTMS might be an option for treating RLS.

Aged ; Anxiety ; therapy ; Depression ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Restless Legs Syndrome ; therapy ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the pulmonary pathology in patients died of fatal human influenza A(H1N1) infection.

METHODSEight cases of fatal human influenza A (H1N1) infection, including 2 autopsy cases and 6 paramortem needle puncture biopsies, were enrolled into the study. Histologic examination, immunohistochemitry, flow cytometry and Western blotting were carried out.

RESULTSThe major pathologic changes included necrotizing bronchiolitis with surrounding inflammation, diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary hemorrhage. Influenza viral antigen expression was detected in the lung tissue by Western blotting. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated the presence of nuclear protein and hemagglutinin virus antigens in parts of trachea, bronchial epithelium and glands, alveolar epithelium, macrophages and endothelium. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic rate of type II pneumocytes (32.15%, 78.15%) was significantly higher than that of the controls (1.93%, 3.77%).

CONCLUSIONNecrotizing bronchiolitis, diffuse alveolar damage and pulmonary hemorrhage followed by pulmonary fibrosis in late stage are the major pathologic changes in fatal human influenza A (H1N1) infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Antigens, Viral ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Autopsy ; Biopsy, Needle ; Bronchiolitis, Viral ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; metabolism ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; immunology ; Influenza, Human ; metabolism ; mortality ; pathology ; virology ; Lung ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic polymorphism of five miniSTR loci (D9S2157, D9S1122, D10S1435, D12ATA63, D2S1776) in Hebei Han population and to construct standard allelic ladders. METHODS: Polymorphism of the five miniSTR loci in 120 unrelated individuals was analyzed by fluorescence PCR and ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer. Molecular cloning technique was employed to construct standard allelic ladder of the 5 loci. RESULTS: Of the five miniSTR loci, 8, 8, 7, 5 and 8 alleles were found, respectively. The polymorphism information component were 0.790, 0.720, 0.750, 0.630 and 0.850, respectively. CONCLUSION The five loci have relatively abundant polymorphic information and their standard allelic ladders constructed by molecular cloning technique are useful in forensic science.
Alleles ; Asian People/genetics* ; China/ethnology* ; Cloning, Molecular ; Forensic Genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics* ; Tandem Repeat Sequences/genetics*

Objective Canine model established for tracheal defect reconstruction,to investigate the outcome of tracheal reconstruction with combination of polypropynene and flap.Methods About 3.5 to 4 centimeter cervical trachea was resected and replaced with artificial trachea made from monofilament knitted polypropylene and surgical flap.Covered stent Was implanted postoperatively.Survival period and quality of life were recorded,brunchofibroscopy,X-ray films and HE sections were perfomed.Results Six dogs survived well and another two died.The causes of death were respiratory failure in 1 and infection in another.Stenosis of anastomosis in 1 Was recorded during survival period.The dogs started drinking and eating on the second postoperative day,no dyspnea Was found.The animals were sacrificed at 2,4,8 weeks and 6 months after surgery.Soft tissue growth Was found in polypropynene net 2 weeks after surgery and more at 4 weeks.The polypropynene net was covered completely with soft tissue at 8 weeks and 6 months postoperatively.the hardness and sustentation degree were enhanced following the growth and fibrosis of soft tissue.The squamous epithelium and columnar epithelium were ohserved healing well by HE staining method.Conclusions One-stage operative artificial trachea made from monofilament knitted polypropylene which has good histocompatibility and surgical flap is the closer artificial trachea to native trachea.It has a promising prospect in clinical use.

The lingnan liver-soothing and spirit-regulating acupuncture and moxibustion technique,developed by Professor FU Wen-Bin,a renowned traditional Chinese medicine expert in Guangdong Province,represents an innovative achievement in acupuncture therapy for depression-related disorders.Drawing upon the rich legacy of master scholars,meticulous study of medical literature,and over three decades of continuous research and innovation,Professor FU has formulated this technique with profound influence and widespread application.By tracing the developmental trajectory of the Lingnan liver-soothing and spirit-regulating technique,this paper sheds light on its significant guiding principles and reference value for the development of other distinctive acupuncture techniques.Furthermore,it offers insights and inspiration for advancement in various fields of traditional Chinese medicine.

This study was aimed at understanding the trends in,and scope of,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)in Nanjing,analyzing the spatial distribution pattern,detecting high incidence cluster areas and key popula-tions,and scientifically guiding prevention and control strategies and measures.We obtained data on SFTS cases from 2010 to 2023 in Nanjing from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and described the time,popu-lation,and spatial distribution characteristics.We used joinpoint regression to calculate the annual percentage change(APC)in incidence,then used FleXScan spatial clustering scan analysis to explore spatial clustering areas at the street level.A total of 507 SFTS cases were reported from 2010 to 2023 in Nanjing.The APC was 31.8％(95％CI:22.5％-41.9％,P＜0.001),and the reported incidence in 2023 was 1.42/100 000(134 cases).The seasonal indices from May to August were 2.7,2.1,3.0,and 1.3,respectively,accounting for 76.1％of the total cases.The median age was 66(IQR:55,73)years,which gradually increased from 59 years in 2010-2011 to 68 in 2022-2023(P＜0.001);94.1％of cases were in individuals 45 years or older.Farmers,homemakers/unemployed individuals,and retirees accounted for 90.1％.The epidemic area increased from 11 streets in four districts in 2010-2011 to 58 streets in 11 dis-tricts in 2022-2023.Except for 2012-2013,global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed positive Moran's I values(0.224-0.526,P＜0.001),and FlexScan scan indicated that several streets in Lishui District and Jiangning District were the most likely clusters.Four streets in Pukou District were the secondary clusters from 2018 to 2023,and three streets in Luhe District in 2022-2023 were the secondary clusters(all P＜0.05).The reported incidence of SFTS in Nanjing showed a rapid upward trend,with spread of epidemic areas.The spatial distribution pattern was clustered.Strengthened training in diagnosis and treatment technology and detection ability of medical institutions,surveillance in high-incidence areas,tracing of case flow,and health education of tick and disease prevention knowledge are recommended.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Cigarette Smoking ; Interleukin-17/genetics* ; Lung ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Objective: To investigate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control status of dyslipidemia among females aged ≥35 years old across China. Methods: Participants were selected by stratified multistage random sampling method in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" National Science and Technology Support Project "Survey on the Prevalence of Important Cardiovascular Diseases and Key Technology Research in China" project. This study is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. A total of 17 418 females aged 35 years and over were included in the current study. The basic information such as age, medical history and menopause was collected by questionnaire. The blood lipid parameters were derived from clinical laboratory examinations. The prevalence of dyslipidemia and the rate of awareness, treatment, and control of dyslipidemia were analyzed in females aged 35 years and over. Results: The age of participants was (56.2±13.0) years old, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 33.1% (5 765/17 418). The prevalence rates of high total cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C and high LDL-C were 9.7% (1 695/17 418), 11.1% (1 925/17 418), 10.9% (1 889/17 418) and 7.3% (1 262/17 418), respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia increased with age and the prevalence of dyslipidemia in women who were not married, Han, menarche age>16 years, obesity, central obesity, alcohol consumption, diabetes, hypertension and family history of cardiovascular disease were higher than those without such characteristics (P<0.05). There were 10 432 (59.9%) menopausal females in this cohort and prevalence of dyslipidemia of these participants was 38.8% (4 048/10 432), which was higher than that of non-postmenopausal females (24.6%, 1 717/6 986) (P<0.05). The awareness rates, treatment rates and control rates of dyslipidemia were 33.9% (1 953/5 765), 15.1% (870/5 765) and 2.5% (143/5 765) respectively among females aged 35 years and over in China. Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese females aged 35 years and over is high, and its awareness, treatment, and control rates need to be optimized.
Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dyslipidemias/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

In this paper, the extraction rate of crude polysaccharides and the yield of polysaccharides from Hippocampus served as test indicators. The comprehensive evaluation indicators were assigned by the R language combined with the entropy weight method. The Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology(BBD-RSM) and the deep neural network(DNN) were employed to screen the optimal parameters for the polysaccharide extraction from Hippocampus. These two modeling methods were compared and verified experimentally for the process optimization. This study provides a reference for the industrialization of effective component extraction from Chinese medicinals and achieves the effective combination of modern technology and traditional Chinese medicine.
Dietary Carbohydrates ; Hippocampus ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Polysaccharides ; Temperature