Objective To investigate the dosimetric properties of PTW 60019 synthetic diamond detector in small photon beams.Methods A PTW 60019 synthetic diamond detector was tested under 6 and 10 MV photon beams,respectively.Linearity with dose,dose rate dependence and off-axis ratio were measured and compared to those measured by an IBA SFD.Percentage depth doses were measured and compared to those measured by an IBA SFD and a PTW 31010 semiflex chamber.Total scatter factors were measured and compared to those measured by an IBA SFD and a PTW 31016 PinPoint chamber.Results The dose response of a PTW 60019 synthetic diamond detector showed a good linear behavior as a function of dose,with observed deviations below 0.2％ over a dose range from 100 to 1 000 MU.The dose rate response was almost independent,with deviations below 0.2％ in the dose rate range from 37 to 614 MU/min.For the fields of 20-100 mm in diameter,there were dose differences in percentage depth doses within 1％ as compared to an IBA SFD and a PTW 31010 semiflex chamber.For the 10 mm diameter field,the differences were up to 5.8％ in the build-up region.Off-axis ratios measurements showed a good agreement among the involved detectors (＜ 1％).The higher differences appeared in the penumbra region.A good agreement was also found in terms of total scatter factor measurements for the related detectors.Conclusions The observed dosimetric properties of the PTW 60019 synthetic diamond detector indicate that it is a suitable candidate for small photon beam dosimetry.

Adolescent ; Calculi ; Humans ; Male ; Nose Diseases ; Turbinates

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of ulinastatin on platelet counts and function after normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in rabbits. Methods Fifty lung-ear white rabbits aged 5-6 months weighing 2.3-3.0 kg were randomly assigned to one of 5 groups (n = 10 each) : control group (group C) and4 ulinastatin groups (group U~1, U_2,U_3,U_4). The rabbits received ulinastatin 1×10~4, 3×10~4, 5×10~4 and 10×10~4 U/kg before CPB in group U~1, U_2, U_3 and U_4 respectively while equal volume of normal saline was given instead of ulinastatin in group C. All rabbits underwent CPB for 30 min at perfusion flow of 72-120 ml·kg~(-1) ·min~(-1). The rectal temperature was maintained at 36.5-37.5℃. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded and blood platelet count, platelet adhesion rate and platelet membrane glycopretein Gp Ⅰ b, Gp Ⅱ b, Gp Ⅲ a receptors were determined before CPB (baseline), at termination of CPB and at 1, 2 and 3 h after CPB. Results The platelet counts were significantly decreased after CPB in all 5 groups (P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference among the 5 groups. The platelet adhesion rates were significantly decreased after CPB as compared with the baseline value before CPB in all 5 groups but the platelet adhesion rates were significantly higher after CPB in group U_4 than in group C. The number of molecules of Gp Ⅰ b, Gp Ⅱ b and Gp Ⅲ a receptors was significantly decreased after CPB in all 5 groups. The number of molecules of Gp Ⅰ b, Gp Ⅱ b and Gp Ⅲ a receptors after CPB was significantly higher in group U_2, U_3 and U_4 than in group C, and there was no significant difference between group U_3 and U_4 . ConclusionUlinastatin 3×10~4-5×10~4 U/kg administered before CPB can inhibit breakdown of platelet membrane glycoprotein receptors. Ulinastatin 10×10~4 U/kg can preserve the platelet adhesion function.

Adult ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Ear, Inner ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Facial Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male

Ribosome inactivating protein(RIP) is a kind of toxin plant pr ot ein in which extensively lives in the body of higher plants and controls ribosom e's function. Beside it can control protein's combination,it has lots of biolog ical reactivity as resisting giving birth and tumor and controlling HIV. At fir st, RIP is isolated from seeds of bitter melon.The result of SDS-PAGE indicate s that there are lots of RIP in the abstraction liquid.Then we study the antivi ral action of RIP through the cell of CEF and SPF chicken embryos.The results s how that RIP can resist NDVF_48E_8,MDVCVI_988 and FPV-SD4 to so me extent.

Objective To study and analyze the clinical effect of valsartan on chronic pulmonary heart disease. Methods 100 cases of heart failure patients with pulmonary heart disease treated in our hospital from January 2015 to October 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group,50 cases in each group.Two groups of patients were given the basic treatment of diuretics,low salt diet, digitalis and nitrates,so as to ensure that the patients had enough rest.Patients in the control group were treated with benazepril,and the patients in the experimental group were treated with valsartan.The clinical indexes of the experimental group and the control group were compared and analyzed. Results After corresponding treatment,the number of effective treatment was 48 cases.In the control group,the total effective number was 41 cases. The effective rate of the control group (82.0％) was significantly lower than the experimental group(96.0％) (P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was 8.0％, and the fatality rate was 10.0％. The incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 10.0％, and the fatality rate was 12.0％.There was no significant difference between two groups.After treatment,the indexes of LVEDD and LVESD in the experimental group were better than those in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Valsartan was effective in the treatment of chronic pulmonary heart disease with heart failure.It can improve the treatment efficiency and security in a certain extent,and has the significance of further popularization and application.

Objective To screen the active component from Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis which have aortic vascular relaxant effect. Methods The active components from Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis were screened by combining vascular smooth muscle/cell membrane chromatography (VSM/CMC) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) with pharmacological assay in vitro. Results Bergapten was the active component of Fructus Citri Sarcodactylis that functions in vascular. The pharmacological experiment showed that bergapten had vasodilating effect. The capacity factor of this compound on the VSM/CMC model was found to be significantly correlated with its pharmacological effect. Conclusion Association between compound and membrane protein (receptor) can be reflected by using the VSM/CMC model. VSM/CMC-offline-LC/MS technology can be used to quickly screening new active components from natural medicine.

Chemical constituents of Swertia patens. The whole plant of air-dried Swertia patens was extracted with 90% EtOH. The water extract was suspended in H₂O and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isola- ted and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C- NMR). Eighteen compounds were isolated and elucidated as 3, 4-dihydro-1H,6H,8H-naptho [1,2-c:4,5-c', d'dipyrano-1, 8-dione (1), angelone (2), gentiogenal (3), erythricin (4), erythrocentaurin (5), gentianine (6), swertiakoside B (7), swertiamarin (8), 2'-O-actylswertiamarin (9), amarogentin (10), 1, 3, 5-trihydroxyxanthone (11), 1, 3-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (12), 1-hydroxy- 2, 3, 5-trimethoxyxanthone (13), gentiocrucine (14), 3-hydroxyphenylketone (15), n-hexacosyl ester 4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate (16), n-hexacosyl ester 4-hydroxy-cis-cinnamate (17), and cholest-4-en-3-one (18). Compounds 1-7, 9-18 were obtained from S. patens for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Swertia ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo study the expressions of Ki-67 and p53 in the surface cells and polygonal cells in pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma(PSH)and investigate the relation of cell proliferation index and biological behaviour of the tumor.MethodsDouble-staining immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Ki-67 and CK8/18 protein. Double immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expressions of p53 and AE1/AE3 protein. ResultsThe positive signal of AE1/AE3 and CK8/18 were localized in cytomembrane of surface cells. The positive signal of Ki-67 and p53 were localized in cell nucleus of the two kinds of cells.The positive rate of Ki-67 was under 1％ in surface cells and 1％-10 ％ in polygonal cells. p53 protein was mainly expressed in polygonal cells (6/9, 33.3 ％) and only exsited in seldom surface cells.ConclusionThere are differences on cellular morphous and immunophenotype between the surface cells and polygonal cells.The proliferation index and gene mutation are all predominant in polygonal cells than in surface cells. The biological behaviour of PSH maybe mainly be decided by the polygonal cells.

Endophytic fungi were isolated from Macleaya cordata growing in Dabie Mountain by agar-block method, and then the endophytic fungi were grouped into different types based on their morphological characteristics, and thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were employed to determine whether the metabolic substances contained sanguinarine or not, and then preliminarily identified by morphological method. The results showed that the leaves hosted the largest number of endophytes (96 isolates) followed by the stems (57 isolates) and finally the roots (28 isolates), respectively. Based on morphological characteristics the endophytic fungi were grouped into 26 types in our study. TLC and HPLC results showed that there was sanguinarine in the metabolic substances of BLH 51 strain. According to the morphological characteristic, the BLH 51 strain was identified as Fusarium proliferatum. All these indicated that the medicinal plant M. cordata harbors abundant endophytes, which could be a new source for the search of active secondary metabolites.
Benzophenanthridines ; metabolism ; Endophytes ; isolation & purification ; Fungi ; isolation & purification ; Isoquinolines ; metabolism ; Papaveraceae ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Plant Leaves ; microbiology ; Plant Roots ; microbiology ; Plant Stems ; microbiology