The patent information of ultrasound countercurrent extraction used in traditional Chinese medicine was analyzed in this paper by the samples from Derwent World Patent Database (DWPI) and the Chinese Patent Abstracts Database (CNABS). The application of ultrasound countercurrent was discussed with the patent applicant,the amount of the annual distribution, and the pharmaceutical raw materials and other aspects. While the technical parameters published in the patent was deeply analyzed, such as material crushing, extraction solvent, extraction time and temperature, extraction equipment and ultrasonic frequency. Thought above research, various technical parameters of ultrasound countercurrent extraction used in traditional Chinese was summarize. The analysis conclusion of the paper can be used in discovering the technical advantages, optimizing extraction conditions, and providing a reference to extraction technological innovation of traditional Chinese medicine.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Patents as Topic ; Solvents ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; Temperature ; Ultrasonics

This paper reported a new type of amylase (neoamylase) secreted by a Bacillus strain ZX99. The enzyme was a kind of ectoenzyme that could catalyze starch into isomalto-oligosaccharide effectively, but could not act on pullulan as substrate. The strain Bacillus ZX99 was mutated by ultraviolet ray and a mutant strain BS3.232 was screened. The activity of the neoamylase produced from BS3.232 increased by 60% over that from ZX99 under the same conditions. The results of thin-layer chromatography of products from starch and pullulan catalyzed by the enzyme demonstrated that the enzyme was different from neopullulanase and can be used to produce isomaltooligosaccharide from starch, including isomaltose, panose, isomaltotriose, isomaltotetose.

3 cm)and small lesions(diameter≤3 cm)were 80.6%(79/98)and 67.2% (45/67),respectively(P

Objective To analyze the differential proteomics of ASMC stimulated by wild IL-13 and mutant IL-13 and to investigate the relations of protein profiles of ASMC to asthma and possible targets for the treatment of bronchial asthma.Methods The total proteins of ASMC stimulated by wild IL-13 and mutant IL-13 were separated by immobilized pH gradient(IPG)-based 2-DE and the differentially expressed protein spots were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption-time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS). Results The 2-DE detected approximately(840?21)spots on wild IL-13 samples and(892?17)spots on mutant IL-13 samples(n=3)and(685?19)spots matched.Six significantly differential proteins were subjected to MALDI-TOF-MS analysis and three of them were identified as stathmin 1,Ribosomal protein p~0 and NADH dehydrogenase.Conclusions ASMCs stimulated by wild IL-13 and mutant IL-13 present different proteomic profiles that may shed some light on the mechanism for the asthma causing effect of wild IL-13 and mutant IL-13.

Child ; Cystic Fibrosis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Radiography ; Sweating

Objective To evaluate the influence of epimeric glycyrrhizic acid on production of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the lungs induced by ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury.Methods Twenty healthy long-ear white rabbits of both sexes, weighing 1.1-2.1kg were randomly divided into 2 groups: group I I/R alone ( n = 10) and group II I/R + epimeric glycyrrhizic acid (n = 10). The animals were anesthetized with thiopental 25 mg?kg-1 and tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated (FiO2 = 100% , VT = 10-13 ml?kg, RR = 20-30 bpm, I:E= 1: 1.2). Anesthesia was maintained with fentanyl, thiopental and vecuronium. Femoral artery was cannulated for continuous direct BP monitoring. MAP was maintained at 70-90 mm Hg during experiment. Right interval jugular vein was cannulated. Catheter was inserted into right atrium for fluid administration, blood sampling and right atrial pressure monitoring. Chest was opened and the hilum of right lung was mass-ligated to induce ischemia for 60 min and then released for reperfusion for 60 min. Epimeric glycyrrhizic acid 30 mg?kg-1 was given iv 30 min before ischemia of the right lung. Blood samples were taken from right atrium and femoral artery for determination of ET-1 concentration before ischemia of right lung (T0) and 1 and 5 min after right lung started being perfused (T1 , T2). At the end of 60 min reperfusion of the right lung, the animals were sacrificed and lungs (right and left) were removed for electron microscopic examination. Results In group 1 at T, the ET-1 levels in the blood from both femoral artery and right atrium were significantly higher than the baseline (T0) and the ET-1 concentration in the blood from femoral artery was significantly higher than that from right atrium. In group II there was no significant difference in blood ET-1 concentration between T0 and T, .Conclusion Ischemia-reperfusion induces increased production of ET-1 in the injured lung. Epimeric glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the increase in the production of ET-1 in the induced by I/R.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of atlantoaxial fusion by flipping periosteum pedicle occipital outer plate.Methods Between March 2010 and June 2013,27 patients with atlantoaxial instability were treated by atlantoaxial fusion with flipping periosteum pedicle occipital outer plate and combining pedicle screws fixation.There were 16 males and 11 females with the age ranging from 23 to 56 years (with an average of 45.6 years) at time of surgery.There were 12 cases of fresh odontoid fracture with atlantoaxial instability,7 cases of old odontoid fracture combined with uneducable atlantoaxial dislocation,7 cases of congenital loose of odontoid process,and 1 case of rheumatoid arthritis.The visual analog scale (VAS) scores and Frankel grades were respectively used to evaluate the axial neck pain and the neurological deficit,and the results were compared before and after the operation.Bony fusion was observed by the midline sagittal CT scan images.Results All the patients were successfully operated.The operation time was 90 to 140 mins (with an average of 100 mins),and the blood loss was 100 to 600 ml (with an average of 160 ml).All patients were followed up for 18 to 39 months,with an average of 32.6 months.19 cases got solid fusion 3 months after surgery,and 7 cases got solid fusion 6 months after surgery,while 1 case got solid fusion 9 months after surgery.The average VAS score at final follow-up was 2.87± 1.03,which was significantly lower than that preoperatively 7.23± 1.65.Before the operation,nine cases presented spinal nerve function damage.At the final follow up time,7 cases returned to complete normal and 2 cases improved from grade C to grade D according to the Frankel classification.1 case was complicated with veiniplex injury with no heavy blood loss,due to successful hemostasia.Two screws were placed close to the vertebral artery canal,without clinical consequences.Conclusion The flipping periosteum pedicle occipital outer plate as a bone graft is one effective method for atlantoaxial fusion,which got great feasibility and safety.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Japan Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Study Group (JLSG) Protocol in treatment of children suffering from multiple system langerhans cell histiocytosis (MS-LCH). The clinical features, therapeutic response and prognosis of 11 children who were diagnosed and treated by JLSG in our department during October 2004 through October 2011 were analyzed. Among all 11 cases, 8 males and 3 females, the age at diagnosis was from 3 month to 6.5 years old with a median age of 3 years old. There were 10 cases of LCH with multi-system involvement (MS-LCH) and 1 case of single-system involvement (SS-LCH). Among those MS-LCH patients, 5 patients had risk organ involvement, and the other 5 patients did not develop risk organ involvement. All patients had been treated with JLSG protocol. The results showed that 4 cases achieved good response after 6-week induction treatment and the time of drug discontinuation were 5 - 20 months without relapse; 3 cases achieved partial response after 6-week induction treatment, among them 1 case did not relapse after discontinuation of drugs for 19 months, 1 case was still receiving maintenance treatment, 1 case abandoned induction treatment; 4 patients got no response (NR) or progressive disease after 6-week of induction treatment and were switched to salvage therapy, among them, 2 patients had stopped treatment for 2 - 20 months without relapse, 1 patient was still receiving maintenance treatment, one had changed to another therapy. It is concluded that the most of childhood LCH can be effectively controlled by immunochemical therapy based on the JLSG protocol. For children with LCH who has a poor response after 6-week induction treatment, LCH can still be well controlled if switched to salvage treatment.
Antineoplastic Protocols ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Background Our previous study demonstrated that curcumin can induce the apoptosis of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and herein inhibit the proliferation of RPE cells,and it is proved that the intravitreous injection of 0.1mg curcumin has less adverse effect to ocular tissue, inferring a good applicative prospect in clinic. Objective The goal of this experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of curcumin on the prevention and treatment of experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Methods PVR models were induced by injection of 0.1ml RPE cells (containing 2×106 cells) into vitreous cavity in 40 eyes of 20 healthy and mature New Zealand albino rabbits.0. 1ml curcumin(0. 1 mg) was then injected into lateral eye of each model rabbit immediately following the injection of RPE cells,and the equal volume of normal saline solution containing 0. 5‰ DMSO was injected into the fellow eye of each model rabbit as controls. On 1,3,7,14,21 and 28 days after injection, the changes of cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous and fundus were examined and recorded by slit lamp biomicroscope, indirect ophthalmoscope,fundus color camera and B-type ultrasonograph to evaluate the inflammatory response. The incidence rate of retinal detachment was calculated and compared between curcumin group and control group. Results The inflammatory reaction in anterior chamber and misty opacity in vitreous were found from 1 day through 3 days after injection, but no obvious proliferative strap and retinal detachment in all of the experimental eyes. On the 7th day after injection, inflammatory reaction was extinct in the anterior chamber of rabbit eyes, and proliferative strap occurred in 14 eyes(75% ) in the control group but only 2 eyes (10% ) in curcumin group,showing significant difference between these two groups (P<0. 01). No retinal detachment was seen in both the two groups. On 14,21 and 28 days after injection, the incidence rate of retinal detachment was 55% ,80% ,95% respectively in control group and that of curcumin group was 10% ,15% ,15% respectively,presenting considerably differences between two groups (P<0. 01, P<0. 01 ,P<0. 01 ). Conclusion Injection of curcumin into vitreous cavity can effectively inhibit the occurrence and development of PVR in rabbit.

Accidents, Occupational ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Arsenic Poisoning ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Water Pollution, Chemical