Objective To investigate the preventive effect of post abortion care(PAC) on unsafe sexual behaviors and deficiency in the knowledge of unmarried females,especially the youth in order to prevent repeated.unintended pregnancies as well as to promote the unmarried female's reproductive health.Methods During the period from Jan.2012 to Jun.2013,171 unmarried young women (＜ 24 years old) were enrolled in the study who were underwent free willed induced abortion due to unwanted pregnancy in Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital of Huangpu District of Shanghai.Their reproductive health related knowledge,attitude and behavior were investigated by questionnaires.Based on the information above,they were provided with a series of post abortion services and improvement of reproductive health cognition and prevention effect of repeat pregnancy were evaluated after the intervention.Results After the nosocomial PAC intervention,the research objects are improved in the contraceptive knowledge and contraceptive behavior largely than before.The awareness rate on the female fertile time was increased from 53.8％ (92/171) to 80.6％ (137/170).The common contraceptive awareness rate increased from 49.1％ (84/171) to 91.8％ (156/170).The difference was statistically significant (x2 =27.30,x2 =75.69,P ＜ 0.05).After 1 year follow-up,the PAC intervention make in contraceptive behavior change.The contraception rate increased from 8.2％ (14/171) to 65.3％ (111/170).The contraceptive failure rate was reduced from 35.7％ (61/171) to 4.7％ (8/170) (x2 =165.24,36.12,P ＜ 0.05).There was not complications occurrence.Conclusion PAC can improve the contraception rate and reduce the unmarried female youth repeated abortion rate effectively.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Suhuang Zhike capsules combined with montelukast in the treatment of cough caused by upper respiratory infection. Methods:Totally 120 patients with cough after upper respiratory infection were randomly divided into the treatment group (64 cases) and the control group (56 cases) by the random number table. The control group received Montelukast chewable tablets alone(10 mg,po qn), while the treatment group received Suhaung Zhike capsules(1. 35 g,po,tid) com-bined with Montelukast chewable tablets. The treatment course was 2 weeks, and the efficacy and adverse reactions between the two groups after the treatment were compared. Results:The significant efficiency and the total efficiency of the observation group were sig-nificantly highter than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0. 05). After the treatment, the cough symptom score and the expectoration symptom score of the two groups were decreased significantly than those before the treatment (P<0.05), both scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group after the treatment(P >0. 05). The incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups had no significant differencet(P<0. 05). Conclusion: As for the clinic efficacy, the combination of Suhaung Zhike capsules and Montelukast is significantly better than Montelukast therapy, and the combina-tion is an effective and safe treatment for cough after upper respiratory infection and worthy of promotion in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the safety,therapy and prophylactic effect of Omeprazole on stress ulcer in children with epidemic type B encephalitis.Methods Before and after medication,chest X-ray examination was performed.The result of occult blood(OB) was confirm by Colloidal gold assay in stool and/or gastric juice.Based on the result of OB,the patients were divided into therapy group[besides conventional therapy for encephalitis,Cimitidine group and Omeprazole group with positive result OB,was administered with 0.9% normal sodium 100 mL+Cimitidine 20-40 mg/(kg?d),iv,q12 h and normal sodium 100 mL+Omeprazol 0.5-0.8 mg/(kg?d),iv,qd,respectively] and prophylaxis group(Cimitidine group,Omeprazole group and control group,with negative result OB,were administered with same medicines as therapy group,respectively.Except control group being administered only 0.9%NS 100 mL,iv,(q12 h)).The effects of drugs on hemostasis,preventing hemorrhage,and the potential risk of acquired pneumonia result from drugs used were observed.Results In therapy group,the average time of hemostasis in Omeprazole group was obviously shorter than that of in Cimitidine group,there was significant difference between two groups(P0.05).Conclusions Both of the drugs is safety and effect to therapy or prophylaxis for the latent stress ulcer in short term.The effect of Omeprazole is better than those of Cimitidine.Using Cimitidine and Omeprazole,neither therapy nor prophylaxis for stress ulcer increaseds the potential risk of acquired pneumonia in children with epidemic type B encephalitis in this study.

To study the mechanism and influence of pneumonia on myocardium in D-galactose(D-gal) treated mice, 36 normal male NIH mice were randomly selected and pretreated with D-gal, and then they were divided into three groups, namely control group, the first day after pneumonia group, and the third day after pneumonia group. Another group of 36 mice were pretreated with normal saline to form a general control group. The result showed that in the D-gal prtreated pneumonia mice, the degeneration of myocardial mitochondria was more pronounced, the content of MDA in myocardium was increased, and the activity of SOD and the content of ATP in the myocardium were reduced. There was a positive correlation between the content of ATP and the activity of SOD, and there was a negative correlation between the content of ATP and MDA in the myocardium. These results suggusted that the myocardial lipid peroxidation in the D-gal treated mice increased the susceptibility to the damaging factors, such as pneumonia.

Objective To investigate the method for the treatment of haemorrhage of all ventricles.Methods 46 cases were treated by continuous extrinsic drainage through puncture of the lateral ventricle which accumulated more blood combming with substitution of CSF by meams of lumbus puncture per day.Urokinase was injected into ventricle at regular intervals.Results The symptoms were improved.Head CT were reexamined in 41 cases,which showed disappearance of hematocele in ventricle within 4～15 days.Except for 5 cases of death,other cases recovered from the disease.Conclusion The hematocele above and below the duct in ventricle can be eliminated by this method,and the mortality rate can reduced greatly and the quality of survival can improved.

This paper reports the histological observation on PAS-positive granular cells in epididymal epithelium from rat, bull, swine and ram. Caput, corpus and cauda of epididymis from these animals (10～14 for each species) were taken, routine fixed and embeded, 6 ?m section, PAS stained and observed under light microscope. There is a kind of PAS positive granular cell existed in epithelium of all segments of epididymis from all these animals. These PAS positive granules are proved to be neutral polysaccharide and an apocrine secretion pattern is suggested. The so-called clear cell in HE stained slides might be PAS-positive granular cell which has already discharged its contents. Besides, this kind of cells are occasionally located in the vas deferens as well.

This article reported the treatment of 3 cases of frequent recurrent intractable nephrotic syndrome by XIE Chang-sen. On basis of the therapeutic method of invigorating the spleen and kidney, other methods should be used according to individual difference and special clinic signs and symptoms, such as other invigorating qi and consolidation of superficies, nourishing blood and dispersing stagnated liver qi, warming kidney qi to invigorate yang, replenishing essence and dispersing turbid and so on. And partner treatment is the key for cure.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of cytokines in brain pathologic changes caused by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods A rat model of LPS was established by injection with a dose of 5mg/kg LPS into thigh vein.60 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group,LPS group,naloxone+LPS group,each group included 20 rats and was subdivided into 4 subgroups(1h,2h,4h,6h respectively).In each subgroup,cerebral pathological changes and concentrations of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 in brain homogenate were investigated.Results Brain homogenate concentration of TNF-α in subgroup LPS 2h was higher than control group[(9 30±0.57) ng/g vs(8.00±0 79)ng/g,P＜0.01],other subgroups have no significant difference from control group. Naloxone group had lower TNF-α level than LPS group.Brain homogenare concentration of IL-1β in subgroup LPS 1h increased apparently[(0.56±0.08)ng/g,P＜0.01],subgroup LPS 2h had no significant change;other subgroups have no significant difference from control group.Natoxone group had lower IL-1β level than LPS group(P＜0.01).but no difference from control group.Brain homogenate concentration of IL-6 in subgroup LPS 2h and 4h were respectively(459.68±79.15)ng/g,(816.07±111.31)ng/g,significantly higher than control group[(377.22±63.73)ng/g,(369.98±34.35)ng/g,respectively].Control group had no significant cerebral pathologic changes,while LPS group showed apparent changes:edema,interstitial substance and mening vessels expanding and hyperaemia,neurosome minification,Nissl's body lost,karyopycnosm,and nucleoli abolition.Naloxone group had lighter neurocyre injuries and brain edema,especially at 2h and 4h.Conclusions After LPS injection,the level of cytokines changed as time goes by,and this fits the brain pathologic changes.Naloxone has protecnve effect on brain tissue in LPS treated rats.Inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the mechanism of cerebral damage in LPS rats.

Objective To use HSV 1 tk (herpes simplex virus type Ⅰthymidine kinase)/GCV (ganciclovir) in androgen independent prostate cancer cells(C4 2,PC3) in vitro in order to provide useful basis for clinical use. Methods HSV 1 tk gene was ligated to a pN 2A retroviral vector. Recombinant DNA molecules being introduced into a packaging cell line PA317,the high titer virus producer cells (VPC) were screened.The integration and expression of HSV 1 tk gene in VPC was observed by PCR and RT PCR. VPC was co cultured with these cancer cells in the light of 1∶1,1∶2,1∶4,1∶8.Cell viability (cytotoxicity) was assessed by SRB (sulforhodamine B protein dye binding)after the first day,the third day,the fifth and the seventh day. Results The highest titer VPC producing HSV 1 tk gene was isolated. Retrovirus mediated HSV 1 tk gene therapy was effective and active against such prostate cancer cells.The best one was co culture of VPC and cancer cells at 1∶1 and the fifth day followed by GCV. Compared with C4 2, PC3 decreased remarkably.The activation of apoptosis and other ways failed to be found. Conclusions Retrovirus mediated HSV 1 tk gene therapy in Vitro directly killed the tumor cells by cytolytic activity.

0.05).The overexpression(-) rate in the three group was 7.6%,14.3% and 40.0%,respectively,and the difference among normal endometrium,proliferative endometrium and endometrial carcinoma were significant(P0.05).However,the overexpression rate was 92.3%,92.8%,and 60.0%,respectively.The differences among normal endometrium,proliferative endometrium and endometrial carcinoma were significant(P0.05).③ The overexpression of Survivin and the expression of Caspase-3 in endometrial carcinoma showed negative correlation(rs=0.287,P