Objective:To investigate the efficacy of gastrodin injection combined with dexamethasone in the treatment of sudden deafness and its effect on hemorheology and hearing.Methods:Eighty patients with sudden deafness who received treatment in the Department of Otolaryngology, General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd., from August 2018 to March 2020 were included in this study. These patients were randomly assigned to receive either intratympanic injection of dexamethasone (control group, n = 40) or intratympanic injection of dexamethasone combined with gastrodin injection (treatment group, n = 40). Total effective rate was compared between the two groups. The auditory threshold at 0.5, 1.0, 2 and 4 kHz was measured in each group. Before and after treatment, plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen and erythrocyte deformability index were compared between the two groups. Drug-related adverse reactions were recorded in each group. Results:Total effective rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group [92.50% (37/40) vs. 75.00% (30/40), χ2 = 4.401, P < 0.05]. After treatment, the auditory threshold at 0.5, 1.0, 2 and 4 kHz was significantly decreased compared with before treatment in each group (all P < 0.001). After treatment, the auditory threshold at 0.5, 1.0, 2 and 4 kHz was (42.71 ± 7.06) dB, (44.01 ± 9.35) dB, (48.06 ± 11.37) dB and (52.40 ± 14.26) dB, respectively, in the treatment group and (50.14 ± 8.09) dB, (53.70 ± 10.46) dB, (55.10 ± 13.47) dB and (59.26 ± 15.77) dB respectively in the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups ( t = 4.376, 4.368, 2.526 and 2.267, all P < 0.05). After treatment, plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen in each group were significantly decreased (all P < 0.001). After treatment, erythrocyte deformability index in each group was significantly increased ( P < 0.001). After treatment, plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen were significantly decreased, and erythrocyte deformability index was significantly increased, compared with before treatment in each group. After treatment, plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen, and erythrocyte deformability index were (1.68 ± 0.39) mPa · s, (19.07 ± 3.65) mPa · s, (3.11 ± 0.58) g/L, (0.68 ± 0.08), respectively in the treatment group, and (2.01 ± 0.41) mPa · s, (22.10 ± 4.49) mPa · s, (3.89 ± 0.75) g/L, (0.60 ± 0.07) respectively in the control group. There were significant differences in plasma viscosity, low shear whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen, and erythrocyte deformability index between the two groups ( t = 3.688, 3.312, 5.203, 4.760, all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the treatment and control groups (10.00% vs. 15.00%, χ2 = 0.457, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Gastrodin injection combined with dexamethasone can enhance the curative effect on sudden deafness, effectively improve patient's hemorheology and hearing, and is highly safe.

AIM: To study the clinical characteristics of corneal perforation ( CP) .
METHODS:A retrospective analysis in July 1995 to July 2010 the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University diagnosed CP 72 patients ( 72 eyes ) , clinical characteristics of all the patients were analyzed.
RESULTS: The incidence of corneal ulcer perforation rised year by year, the morbidity of male and female was 17:7, the onset age focused on 48 years old. Of 23 industrial workers ( 32%) with clear history of trauma, pathogeny identification results:top two:fungal infection and Acanthamoeba keratitis. A using history of glucocorticoid was found in 10 cases.
CONCLUSION:There are plenty of primary causes of CP such as traumas, fungal infection, Acanthamoeba keratitis, eroded keratitis, etc. CP happens in middle-aged males in Fujian province, most traumas are the causes, the main pathogenic bacteria is fungal infection.

To explore the mechanism of the absorption of flavonoids from Abelmoschus manihot flowers, in situ intestinal recirculation was performed to study the effect of the absorption at different concentrations and different intestinal regions. To evaluate the conditions of the absorption of six flavonoids from Abelmoschus manihot flowers, the concentrations of Abelmoschus manihot in the perfusion solution were determined by HPLC at predesigned time. And we have investigated the inhibitory effect of six flavonoids from Abelmoschus manihot flowers on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) drug efflux pump. The results demonstrated that the absorption rates of flavonoids from Abelmoschus manihot flowers are not significantly different (P > 0.05) at various drug concentrations, the absorption of flavonoids from Abelmoschus manihot flowers is a first-order process with the passive diffusion mechanism. The absorption rates of each of flavonoids are significantly different. The absorption rate of flavonoid glycoside was lower than that of aglycone; the flavonoids from Abelmoschus manihot flowers could be absorbed in all of the intestinal segments. The best parts of intestine to absorb hyperoside and myricetin are jejunum and duodenum, separately. Verapamil could enhance the absorption of isoquercitrin, hyperoside, myricetin and quercetin-3'-O-glucoside by inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) drug efflux pump.

Objective: To compare the effects of synthetic 2 ?(3 hydroxypropoxy) calcitriol(ED 71) with 17 ? Estrodiol(E 2) on bone mass, strength and metabolism in ovariectomized(OVX) mice. Methods: 40 female Kunming mice, average 35 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups: OVX group, Sham group, ED 71 group and E 2 group. The latter two groups were also ovariectomized and given ED 71 at 0.4 ?g/(kg?d) and E 2 at 30 ?g/(kg?d) respectively for 6 w. Bone mineral density(BMD), bone mineral content(BMC), bone strength and bone histomorphometric parameters were measured. Results: Compared with OVX mice, in ED 71 and E 2 group, femoral BMD and BMC increased respectively by 3.8%, 5.9% and 3.2%,5.7%; maximum load of femur increased respectively 18.7% and 16%; trabecular bone volume of lumbar vertebra increased respectively 10.6% and 16.1 and serum alkaline phosphatase decreased respectively by 58% and 37%. Conclusion: ED 71 significantly increased BMD, BMC and bone strengh and significantly inhibited bone turnover in OVX mice. Also ED 71 does not induce uterus proliferation.

Serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP-5b) is a marker reflecting bone absorption. The results showed that serum TRAP-5b level was higher in postmenopausal than that in premenopausal normal women (P

Background Neurofilament 200 (NF200) is an indirect indicator of the specific distribution of axons.It reflects the condition of the maintenance of neuronal morphology.Whether NF200 is involved in the damage of the visual pathway after retinal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) should be further examined.Objective The present study was to investigate the expression of NF200 in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN),superior colliculus and visual cortex following RIRI.Methods Forty SD rats were randomized into the RIRI 1-,2-,3-,4-,6-,8-week groups,sham operation group and control group.Acute intraocular hypertension was induced in the right eye by anterior chamber perfusion of normal saline solution for 60 minutes to elevate the intraocular pressure to 110 mmHg.The animals were sacrificed at different time points for the preparation of the retina,LGN,superior colliculus and visual cortex sections.The expression of NF200 in RGCs,LGN,superior colliculus and visual cortex was assayed by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression level (A value) of NF200 in the RGCs was significantly different among the 8 groups after reperfusion (F =78.855,P =0.000),and that in the 1-week group was significantly lower than in the control group (t =36.563,P＜0.01).In the RIRI 1-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral LGN in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t =6.483,P＜0.01).In the 4-week group and 6-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral LGN was significantly higher than that in the control group (t =2.904,4.313,P＜0.01).One week after RIRI,the expression of NF200 in contralateral superior celliculus in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t =2.966,P＜0.05),and in the 2-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral superior colliculus was significantly higher than that in the control group (t =7.397,P＜0.01).In the 2-week group,3-week group and 4-week group,the expression of NF200 in bilateral visual cortex was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group (contralateral ∶ t =18.728,18.213,15.088,P＜0.01 ; ipsilateral ∶ t =8.690,5.704,7.805,P＜0.01).Conclusions RIRI can induce axonal damage of RGCs,contralateral LGN,superior colliculus and bilateral visual cortex neurons.

Sinisan is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating various diseases; however, the in vivo metabolic profile of its multiple components remains unknown. In this paper, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was applied to identify the metabolites of Sinisan extract in rat plasma, urine, feces and bile after intragastric administration. Using MS(E) and mass defect filter techniques, 41 metabolites of 10 parent compounds (naringin, naringenin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d) were detected and tentatively identified. It was shown by our results that these compounds was metabolized to the forms of hydroxylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, glucuronidation with sulfation and glucuronidation with hydroxylation in vivo.

Astragali Radix was firstly recorded in the "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic" as a top-grade and commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Its frequently used slices include raw Astragali Radix and honey-processed products. In current studies, many reports were made on honey-processed Astragali Radix, whereas fewer study reports were made on the cutting process of Astragali Radix. Currently, because Astragali Radix is primarily cut by drug workers according to their operating experience, but with out specific cutting parameters, it is easy to cause the loss or mildew of active ingredients. As a result, the quality of Astragali Radix circulated in the market is not guaranteed, and the quality of their slices and preparations are hard to be controlled, which seriously impact the clinical efficacy. In response, this experiment was performed, in which the optimum cutting process of Astragali Radix was taken as the study objective, the Box-Benhnken central composite design in the response surface analysis was adopted, and the content and appearance character of astragaloside and calycosin-7-glucoside were regarded as the study indicators. Three factors, namely the softening time, the drying temperature and the drying time, were selected to optimize the cutting process of Astragali Radix and obtain the optimum cutting process parameters as follows: the softening time was 3 hours, the drying temperature was 50 degrees C, and the drying time was 4 hours. According to the verification test, the Astragali Radix cutting process is steady and feasible, which has certain significance for normalizing the cutting process of Astragali Radix.
Astragalus Plant ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

Objective To prospectively investigate the value of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) following adult cardiac surgery. Methods Twenty-nine hospitalization patients undergone cardiac surgery were enrolled in the study. Serial blood and urinary samples were collected immediately before incision and at various time intervals after surgery. The primary outcome measure was acute kidney injury, defined as a 50% increase in the level of serum creatinine (Scr) from baseline. Results Fourteen of 29 developed acute kidney injury. The diagnosis time point with Ser was at 24 (10, 48) h after cardiac surgery. By contrast, the concentration of urinary NGAL rose from a median of 3.42(1.60, 9.92) μg/L at baseline to 20.51(13.42, 50.02) μg/L at admission to ICU (P=0.006),and the median concentration of urinary NGAL in patients who developed AKI was significantly higher at admission to ICU compared with patients who did not develop AKI [20.51 (13.42, 50.02) μg/L vs 2.91 (0.72,8.61) μg/L, P=0.002]. As to urinary NGAL at admission to ICU, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.824, the sensitivity was 85.7% and the specificity was 80.0% with a cutoff value of 10.95 μg/L. Significant correlation was found between urinary NGAL at admission and the levd of Scr at 24 h in ICU (r=0.545, P=0.002), as well as estimated GFR (r=-0.546,P=0.002). Conclusion Urinary NGAL concentration is significantly higher in patients developing postoperative AKI at the early time of admission to ICU, which may be a useful early biomarker of AKI after adult cardiac surgery.

Objective To investigate the effects of CO_2 pneumoperitoneum on the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) of gastric cancer MKN-45 cells. Methods CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures was simulated in vitro, and the gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were divided into test and control groups. In the test group, gastric cancer MKN-45 cells were cultured in CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures [5, 10 or 15 mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa)] for 4 hours. The condition of the cells exposed to CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with a pressure of 15 mm Hg was observed at 0.5, 2 and 4 hours. Gastric cancer MKN-45 cells in control group were cultured at normal atmospheric pressure. The expression of FAK and phosphorylated FAK (FAK Tyr397) of each group was detected by Western blot. Multiple-group analysis was done by one-way ANOVA, and intergroup comparison was done by LSD test. Results In CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with pressures of 5, 10, 15 mm Hg, the expression of FAK was 2.14±0.17, 2.07±0.21 and 2.52±0.26, respectively, and the expression of FAK Tyr397 was 1.82±0.28, 1.93±0.52 and 3.71±0.37, respectively. The expression of FAK and FAK Tyr397 in the control group was 2.43±0.46 and 1.71±0.23, respectively. We found significant differences between the 2 groups (F = 2.171, 26.951, P < 0.01). After gastric cancer MKN-45 cells being treated for 0.5, 2 and 4 hours in CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with a pressure of 15 mm Hg, the expression of FAK Tyr397 was 3.41±0.44, 4.12±0.56 and 5.24±0.41 respectively, which is also significantly different (F =116.119, P < 0.01). The expression of FAK Tyr397 was back to 0.72±0.16 1 hour after the release of CO_2. Conclusions CO_2 pneumoperitoneum with different pressures can not promote the expression of FAK in gastric cancer MKN-45 cells which had been cultured for 4 hours, but can activate FAK through promoting its phosphorylation. The degree of FAK phosphorylation increases with pressure and time, and the activity of FAK decreases to pretreatment level rapidly once pressure is released.