Critical Illness ; therapy ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans

Apgar Score ; Autopsy ; Fatal Outcome ; Heart Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Heart Ventricles ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Myxoma ; complications ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Rare Diseases ; Ultrasonography

AIM: To study the pharmacodynamic effect of Chanfuan Oral Solution. METHODS: Acute blood stagnation caused by adrenaline, ankle swelling, ear edema and writhing caused by acetic acid were taken for experiment models. RESULTS: Chanfuan Oral Solution could significantly reduce blood viscosity. Results also showed that it had inhibitory effect on rat's ankle swelling, ear edema and reduction in ratio of writhing of mice. CONCLUSION: These results suggest Chanfuan Oral Solution is an effective drug for reducing blood viscosity, anti inflammation and analgesia.

Background Neurofilament 200 (NF200) is an indirect indicator of the specific distribution of axons.It reflects the condition of the maintenance of neuronal morphology.Whether NF200 is involved in the damage of the visual pathway after retinal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) should be further examined.Objective The present study was to investigate the expression of NF200 in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN),superior colliculus and visual cortex following RIRI.Methods Forty SD rats were randomized into the RIRI 1-,2-,3-,4-,6-,8-week groups,sham operation group and control group.Acute intraocular hypertension was induced in the right eye by anterior chamber perfusion of normal saline solution for 60 minutes to elevate the intraocular pressure to 110 mmHg.The animals were sacrificed at different time points for the preparation of the retina,LGN,superior colliculus and visual cortex sections.The expression of NF200 in RGCs,LGN,superior colliculus and visual cortex was assayed by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression level (A value) of NF200 in the RGCs was significantly different among the 8 groups after reperfusion (F =78.855,P =0.000),and that in the 1-week group was significantly lower than in the control group (t =36.563,P＜0.01).In the RIRI 1-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral LGN in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t =6.483,P＜0.01).In the 4-week group and 6-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral LGN was significantly higher than that in the control group (t =2.904,4.313,P＜0.01).One week after RIRI,the expression of NF200 in contralateral superior celliculus in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t =2.966,P＜0.05),and in the 2-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral superior colliculus was significantly higher than that in the control group (t =7.397,P＜0.01).In the 2-week group,3-week group and 4-week group,the expression of NF200 in bilateral visual cortex was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group (contralateral ∶ t =18.728,18.213,15.088,P＜0.01 ; ipsilateral ∶ t =8.690,5.704,7.805,P＜0.01).Conclusions RIRI can induce axonal damage of RGCs,contralateral LGN,superior colliculus and bilateral visual cortex neurons.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics effects of naloxone combination on Shenmai injection in rats in vivo. METHODS:12 rats were randomly divided into monotherapy group (Shenmai injection 9.00 ml/kg,iv) and combination group (Shenmai injection 9.00 ml/kg+naloxone 1.80 ml/kg,iv). The blood samples were collected before administration and 0.083,0.25, 0.5,0.75,1,1.5,2,3,6,12,24,48,96 and 144 h after administration. HPLC was adopted to determine the plasma concentra-tions of ginsenosides Rg1,Re and Rb1,and DAS 2.0 software was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS:Compared with monotherapy group,the plasma concentration of ginsenosides Rg1 in combination group was increased,CL was de-creased,t1/2 and MRT were prolonged,and AUC0-144 h was increased;the plasma concentration of ginsenosides Re was increased,Ke was decreased,t1/2 was prolonged,MRT was shortened,and AUC0-144 h was increased;the plasma concentration of ginsenosides Rb1 was decreased,Ke was increased,t1/2 and MRT were shortened,and AUC0-144 h was decreased,with significant differences(P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Shenmai injection combined with naloxone can slow down the removing of ginsenosides Rg1 and Re in vivo,and obviously the plasma concentration of Shenmai injection is higher than monotherapy group;speed up the removing of ginsenosides Rb1,and the plasma concentration of Shenmai injection is lower than monotherapy group obviously.

Objective We studied the expression of VEGF and its receptor,FLK－ 1,in neuroblastoma and its relation to clinical features.Methods With the help of antigen repairing,immunohistochemical analysis using antibody against VEGF,FLK－ 1 was carried out on speciments of 52 cases of neuroblastoma.Results There were 36 cases of VEGF and 34 cases of FLK－ 1 positive expression,the expression of them were nearly consistent.The positive rate of VEGF and FLK－ 1 were higher in metastatic tumors(28/34,26/34)than in non－ metastastic tumors and had statistical significance(respectively P<0.01,P<0.05).The expression of VEGF in UH tumors was higher than in FH tumors,and statistical value is significant(P<0.05).Conclusion VEGF is a vital angiogenic factor,and may play an improtant role in the progression and metastasis of neuroblastoma.Its expression and function correlates well to FLK－ 1,and may aid in predicting patients at risk of metastasis.

Objective: Our aims were to evaluate the plasma vitamin A status and the function of T-cell dependent immunity in lung cancer patients， so as to explore the correlation between them. Methods：We measured the plasma vitamin A status with HPLC and checked the subsets of T lymphocyte with indirect immunofluorescence technique. Results： The levels of plasma vitamin A in lung cancer patients and in controls were(0.406±0.111)mg/L and(0.548±0.149)mg/L respectively . There was a significant difference between them(P＜0.001) . The levels of CD3， CD4，and CD4/CD8 were lower in lung cancer patients than those in controls， while the level of CD8 was higher. The plasma vitamin A had positive correlation with CD3 , CD4，and negative with CD8. Conclusion： There is defect of the plasma vitamin A and low level of the function of T cell dependent immunity in lung cancer patients，which shows the obvious correlation between them. This research supplies the basis of clinical therapy to lung cancer with vitamin A.

Objective To study the ventricular-arterial coupling in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) by ultrasound.Methods Eighty patients with DM were divided into 2 groups:normal left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) group (DMN,EF≥50 ％,n =40) and abnormal EF group (DMA,EF＜50％,n =40).At the same time,42 healthy volunteers were selected as a control group.The left ventricular (LV) relative wall thickness (RWT),mass index (LVMI),stroke volume (SV),stroke works (SW),ratepressure product (RPP),systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI),LV end-systolic elastance (Ees),arterial elastance index (Ea) and ventricular vascular index (VVI) were measured and calculated.Longitudinal strain (LS) of myocardial segment including base(LSBA),papillary muscle (LSPM) and apex (LSAP) were analyzed by two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging.Results (1) Compared with the control,the RWT and LVMI were all increased (P ＜0.01),but the LSBA,LSPM and LSAP were decreased (P ＜ 0.01) in the DMN and DMA groups (P ＜0.01).In DMA group,the RWT,LSBA,LSPM and LSAP were decreased (P ＜0.01).Compared with the DMN group,the LSBA,LSPM and LSAP were decreased in DMN group (P ＜0.01).(2) Compared with the control,the Ea,VVI,RPP and SVRI were increased,but the Ees was decreased (P ＜0.05)in DMA group (P ＜0.01).In the DMN,RPP was increased compared with the control group (P ＜0.01).Compared with the DMN group,the Ea,VVI,RPP and SVRI were increased,but Ees was decreased in the DMA (P ＜0.05).(3)The LSBA,LSPM and LSAP were all positively correlated with VVI(P ＜0.01).Multiple regression analysis showed that the LSAP,RWT,LVMI and SW were independent predictor of VVI (b' =-0.613,-0.290,0.290 and-0.205,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The ventricular-arterial coupling is normal in the DMN group,but is abnormal in DNA group.LSAP is independent predictors for ventricular-arterial coupling.

Objective To assess the effects of captopril on renal perfusion of diabetic mellitus(DM)rabbits at early stage by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).Methods Of 58 rabbits,6 were control group,37 were made as DM model successfully by alloxan and were randomly divided into 4 groups:untreatment group (n =16) and treatment group A,B and C (n =7 averagely).The treatment groups were given captopril(25 mg/kg weight) everyday by intragastric administration after the DM model established and renal pathology appeared Mogensen DN Ⅰ,Ⅱ or / and Ⅲ respectively.The treatment lasted 12 week.Then CEUS was performed on bilateral kidney to observe the renal perfusion,the parameters included:curve ascending slope(K1),time to peak intensity(PIT),peak signal intensity(PSI),area under the curve(AUC) and time to half of peak intensity(HPT).Results At the end of 12 weeks,compared with control group,PIT and HPT delayed,PSI and K1 decreased in untreatment group and group C,AUC of untreatment group increased.Compared with untreatment group,PIT,HPT and AUC decreased,PSI and K1 increased in group A,B and C.Compared with group C,HPT of treatment group A,B decreased.Compared with control group,renal's size increased and the cortex was thickened in untreatment group and group A,B,C.The pathological examination showed:renal were damaged more seriously in untreatment group than that in group A and B.There was no significant difference in Scr and BUN between all groups.Conclusions Assessment of CEUS for renal perfusion of diabetic mellitus rabbits at early stage is feasible and captopril can improve renal perfusion of DM rabbits.

Objective To assess the renal perfusion of different severity of hepatic cirrhosis by contrast-enhanced ultrasound with time-intensity curve.Methods Forty hepatic cirrhosis patients with normal conventional renal function enrolled the study and were subdivided into Child-Pugh A group ( n =14),Child-Pugh B group ( n =14) and Child-Pugh C group ( n =12).Thirty healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The parameters of perfusion were compared among the groups.The correlations between parameters and score of Child-Pugh were analyzed using Pearson correlation.Results The cirrhosis groups showed a decrease of peak intensity,increase of time to peak,and reduce of area under the curve in the renal cortex( P ＜0.05).Compared with Child-Pugh A group,the peak intensity decreased in both ChildPugh B and C groups,time to peak increased in Child-Pugh C group( P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).The peak intensity had negative correlation with Child-Pugh score( r =- 0.506,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions Contrastenhanced ultrasound combined with time-intensity curve can assess renal perfusion of hepatic cirrhosis quantitatively.The peak intensity was correlated to the severity of cirrhosis.