To investigate the effects of clonidine on controlled hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside,twenty-four patients (male 17,femai 7,aged 20 to 58 years,ASA Ⅰ to Ⅱ)scheduled for elective craniotomy,were randomly assigned to two groups:control group (Ⅰ,n=12),clonidine group (Ⅱ,n=12) with premedication of clonidine 5?g/kg P. O.. The MAP of both groups decreased by 40% with the infusion of 0.01% sodium nitroprusside solution (SNP). The results showed that the blood pressure was more easily reduced and maitained in group Ⅱ,and the MAP after discontinuing of SNP in group Ⅱ was lower than in group Ⅰ(P

Objective To compare the gas and heat exchange performance of membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S and membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10 in cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)in children.Methods 39 children aged 3-12 yrs who suffered from congenital heart disease were selected,and the repair of ventricle septal defect or/and atrial septal defect was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass.The 39 children were randomly divided into Group DD(n =21)and Group SX(n = 18).Membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S(Made by Xi'an Daidai,China)was used in Group DD and Membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10(Made by Terumo,Japan)in Group SX,respectively.The hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with high perfusion flow and the cool crystalloid cardioplegia were applied in all children.The artery blood samples were taken for measuring PO2 and PCO2 and the oxygenating index(OI)was calculated by the formulae(OI = PaO2/FiO2).The temperature at nasal pharynx was monitored and the rewarming time was recorded.Results The total priming volume in Group DD was bigger than in Group SX [(742.5 ± 107.3)ml vs(531.3 ± 84.3)ml,P ＜ 0.05].The PO2,OI and PCO2 at 15 min after CPB or at 5 min before cease of CPB had no differences in both group(P ＞0.05).The rewarming time had no difference in both group [(31.5 ± 10.2)min vs(30.61 ± 8.2)min,P ＞0.05].Conclusions Under our observation condition,the gas and heat exchange performance of membrane oxygenator DDMO-100S were the same as membrane oxygenator Terumo SX-10,when it was used in cardiopulmonary bypass in children,but it had a little bit more priming volume.

DICOM is a standard for data format and transmission of digital medical image. DICOM Data Set is a binary data stream using DICOM encoding rule. DICOM Nesting Data Set is a kind of complex Data Set with a tree structure, and is widely used in DICOM services and encoding of DICOM files for its special structure. In this article, the functions and encoding rule of Data Set and Nesting Data Set in DICOM format are presented, and the way of parsing and organizing of them is put forward. The realization method and practical application are also discussed.

Objective To observe the expression and the clinical significance of P 170 and CD 34 in primary acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML)patients.Methods The expression of P 170 and CD 34 was determined by flow cytometry in 30 AML patients.Results The P 170 positive rate was 36.67%,the patients with the P 170 positive expression had higher resistant rate to chemotherapy as compared with P 170 negative group(P

Objective:To prepare PLGA nanoparticles modified with folic acid conjugated chitosan oligosaccharide containing pa-clitaxel (F-CS-PLGA-NPs) and study the inhibitory effect on SKOV-3. Methods:F-CS-PLGA-NPs were prepared by an interface dep-osition method, 30% ethanol was used as the release medium for the in vitro release profiles of nanoparticles, and MTT was adopted to evaluate the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel with different formulations and concentrations on SKOV-3. Results:The particle size and zeta potential of F-CS-PLGA-NPs was (321 ± 0. 76) nm and (22. 6 ± 0. 26) mV, respectively, the drug loading was (5. 1 ± 0. 25)%, and the encapsulation efficiency was (41. 96 ± 1. 96)%. F-CS-PLGA-NPs had a similar in vitro release profiles with the ordinary nanoparti-cles ( PLGA-NPs) . About 35% of paclitaxel was released from the nanoparticles in the initial 24 h, and then a near zero order release at a relative slow rate was shown, and the cumulative release rate in 144 h was about 75%. The results of cell experiments suggested that at the same paclitaxel concentration, the inhibition effect of F-CS-PLGA-NPs group was stronger than that of the PLGA-NPs group and the solution group. The inhibition effect of F-CS-PLGA-NPs could be reduced by free folic acid. Conclusion:PLGA nanoparticles modified with folic acid conjugated chitosan oligosaccharide can increase the targeting efficiency in SKOVS-3 tumor cells.

Aim To observe the changes of diaphragm contractility and cytoskeletal proteins titin,nebulin and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATPase gene expressions in adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity in rats.Methods The animal models of diaphragm damage were duplicated by injecting adriamycin into abdominal cavity one time.Forty male sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups(n=10):Three groups received adriamycin in low,middle and high dosage(10,20 and 40 mg·kg~(-1))respectively.Meanwhile,the normal saline was given to rats in control groups.Three days later,these rats were killed,and the diaphragm was removed by thoracotomy.The diaphragm contractility was assessed in isolated diaphragm strips perfusion by these paramemters including peak twitch tension(Pt),maximum tetanic tension(Po),time to peak contraction(CT),half relaxaion time(1/2RT),maximal rates of contraction(+dt/dt_(max))and maximal rates of relaxation(-dt/dt_(max)).The expressions of titin,nebulin and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATPase(SERCA)at mRNA level were detected by RT-PCR analysis.Results In contrast to those in control group,Po,Pt,±dt/dt_(max) in the adriamycin group were lower(P<0.01);CT,1/2RT in the adriamycin group increased significantly(P<0.01).The levels of titin,nebulin and SERCA gene expressions in middle-dose group were lower than those in control group(P<0.01).Conclusions The mRNA levels of titin,nebulin and SERCA of diaphragm are down-regulated in adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity in rats.It may be associated with the decline of diaphragm contractility.

Objective To study the effect of PcG member NSPc1 on proliferation of HeLa cells.Methods Using bioinfomatic analysis to design the siRNA sequence to knockdown NSPc1.Detecting the expression level of NSPc1 in HeLa cell line using semi-quantitative RT-PCR,Real-time PCR and Western blot after transfection of the designed siRNA.Transient transfecting pSUPER-NSPc1 into Hela cells and performing BrdU incorporation assay.Establishing NSPc1 stably knockdown cell line,comparing proliferation abilities with the control cells.Results(1)The designed siRNA did efficiently knockdown the expression of NSPc1;(2)Transient knockdown of NSPc1 could repress BrdU incorporation;(3) The established NSPc1-knockdown cell lines had a significantly lower proliferation rate than that of control cells.Conclusion The expression of NSPc1 is necessary for the normal proliferation of HeLa cells.The NSPc1 stably knockdown cell pool is a useful model for further study of pathway related to NSPc1.

Objective To investigate the chromosome karyotype of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its correlation with the clinical feature and efficacy.Methods The chromosomes of bone marrow/peripheral blood from 110 cases of patients with ALL were prepared after 24 hours culture,and G-banding were used to analyze karyotypes.Results Among 110 patients with ALL,71 cases (64.5 ％) had clonal chromsomal normalities,39 cases (35.5 ％) had clonal chromsomal abnormalities,24 cases (21.8 ％) had chromosome structural abnormalities,11 cases (10.0 ％) had chromosome number abnormalities,3 cases (2.7 ％) had chromosome number and structure abnormalities,one case had chromosomal abnormalities complex karyotype.Efficacy in patients with ALL with t(9;22) (q34;q11) was worse than the other patients (Fisher s exact text,P =0.045).There was no significant difference on efficacy between in adult ALL associated with t(9;22) (q34;q11) and in children with ALL (Fisher's exact text,P =0.506).Conclusion Chromosome karyotype of ALL patients is random,chromosomal translocations such as t(9;22)(q34;q1 1) and t(4;11) (q21;q23) have poorer treatment outcomes.

Objective To study the expression and enzyme activity of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) in liver and peripheral blood of human and rats exposed to airborne arsenic through coal-burning as well as its role in liver injury of coal-burning-borne arsenic poisoning.Methods This study was divided into 2 parts.Part 1 was a population study:133 local residents exposed to airborne arsenic through coal-burning were selected as arsenic exposure groups including a non-patient group (25 cases),no obvious hepatopathy group (38 cases),mild (43 cases) and moderate to severe hepatopathy groups (27 cases) from areas affected by endemic arsenism in Guizhou Province.Thirty-four healthy residents from arsenic not affected areas were selected as controls.Peripheral blood samples were collected from all these people.The expression of TrxR1 mRNA was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR),and enzyme activity of TrxR was tested by visible spectrophotometry.Part 2 was an animal experiment study:Thirty Wistar rats,weighing about 80-100 g,were divided into control group,drinking-waterborne arsenic poisoning group and coal-burning-borne arsenic poisoning group (including low,medium and high arsenic contaminated grain groups) by means of a table of random number according to body mass,6 rats in each group.The control group was fed with normal diet for 3 months; drinking-water-borne arsenic poisoning group and coal-burning-borne arsenic poisoning group were fed with 10 mg/kg As2O3 solution and different concentrations(25,50,100 mg/kg) of arsenic-containing feed,respectively,for 3 months.The expression of TrxR1 mRNA was determined by qPCR; protein expression level of TrxR1 in liver tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry,and enzyme activity of TrxR in serum and liver tissue was tested by visible spectrophotometry.Results The mRNA expressions of TrxR1 in peripheral blood were 1.599 8 (1.128 9-2.156 8),1.469 3 (1.146 1-1.976 3),1.203 6 (0.463 1-1.816 2) and 0.912 3(0.631 8-1.535 0),respectively,among non-patient group,no obvious hepatopathy group,mild and moderate to severe hepatopathy groups.Compared to the control group[1.649 7(1.161 1-2.380 2)],the differences were significant statistically in mild and moderate to severe hepatopathy groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The enzyme activity of TrxR in peripheral blood was (3.12 ± 0.76),(2.81 ± 0.84),(2.52 ± 0.73),(2.42 ± 0.76)U/ml,respectively,in those corresponding groups.Compared to the control group [(3.02 ± 0.70)U/ml],the differences were significant statistically in mild and moderate to severe hepatopathy groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA expressions of TrxR1 in peripheral blood were 1.05 ± 0.14,1.18 ± 0.18,1.04 ± 0.10 and 0.97 ± 0.13,respectively,among drinking-water-borne arsenic poisoning group,low,medium and high arsenic contaminated grain groups; all of which were lower than that in the control group (1.23 ± 0.15,all P ＜ 0.05) except that of the low arsenic contaminated grain group.The mRNA expressions of TrxR1 in liver tissue were 0.78± 0.10,0.83 ± 0.10,0.79 ± 0.09 and 0.77 ± 0.11,respectively; all of which were lower than that in the control group (0.94 ± 0.12,all P ＜ 0.05).The protein expression of TrxR1 in liver tissue was 310.33 ± 38.81,312.50 ± 23.36,305.67 ± 20.57 and 298.17 ± 23.52,respectively,among the arsenic poisoning groups; all of which were lower than that in the control group (348.50 ± 32.35,all P ＜ 0.05).The enzyme activity of TrxR in serum was (4.22 ± 0.73),(4.86 ± 0.63),(4.04 ± 0.57),(3.73 ± 0.64)U/ml,respectively; all of which were lower than that in the control group [(9.52 ± 1.08)U/ml,all P ＜ 0.05].The enzyme activity of TrxR in liver tissue was (14.82 ± 1.67),(18.76 ± 2.76),(14.90 ± 2.17),(11.55 ± 1.74) U/mg,respectively; all of which were lower than that in the control group [(23.71 ± 3.05)U/mg,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion Arsenic aggravates liver injury of coal-burning arsenic poisoning through down-regulating the expressions of TrxR1 mRNA and protein and reducing its enzyme activity as well.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of proximal percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with distal open osteotomy for sagittal plane imbalance of adult spinal deformity.Methods From January 2011 to June 2015,23 patients with diagnosis of adult spinal deformity were treated with proximal percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with distal open osteotomy,there were 8 males and 15 females,aged from 52 to 67 years old (average,62.1 years old).The operation time,blood loss,drainage and perioperative complications were recorded;standing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the whole spine were taken and the following parameters were measured:sagittal vertical axis (SVA),lumbar lordosis(LL),pelvic tilt (PT),sacral slope (SS),pelvic incidence/lumbar lordosis mismatch (PI-LL),the above parameters were compared between preoperation and postoperation.Oswestry disability index (ODI) was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy.Results The mean operation time was 253.9±52.1 min,the mean blood loss and drainage was 1 258.5±272.2 ml and 725.1 ± 135.2 ml.No patient got infected,died or had deep vein thrombosis.All patients were followed up for an average of 21.2 months (range,13-52 m).The SVA was restored from 12.6±1.4 cm to 3.5±0.7 cm.In addition,LL,SS,PT,and PL-LL were improved from 13.5°±2.3°,13.9°±2.3°,29.7°±9.6°,29.5°±13.7° to 38.8°±9.6°,25.5°±5.8°,18.9°±8.2°,7.1°±3.6°.The ODI score decreased from 40.3％±12.5％ to 13.6％±2.57％ at the time of the last follow-up compared with preoperation.Conclusion Proximal percutaneous pedicle screw fixation combined with distal open osteotomy for sagittal plane imbalance of adult spinal deformity could restore the sagittal balance and improve the quality of life.