[Objective] To explore the activity aberration of primary insomnia (PI) patients with resting-state fMRI.[Methods]Resting-state fMRI datasets of 60 PI and 60 healthy controls were acquired.We investigated the cortical connectivity patterns of the insula in PI and independent-sample t-test were used to compare the brain activity abnormalities between two groups.[Results] In PI,we found enhanced connectivity between left insular with the left middle cingulate cortex,the Frontal_Sup_Media and right Parietal_Inf,as well as decreased connectivity with the left precentral gyrusand the right fusiformgyrus (P ＜ 0.05).The right insular show increased FC with the right middle cingulate cortex,the right fusiform gyrus and the right middle frontal gyrus,as well as decreased FC with the right precentral gyrus and the right middle temporal gyrus (P ＜ 0.05).[Conclusion] This study provides additional evidence of brain functional integration alterations in PI.Those may help us understand the possible neural mechanisms of PI.

Objective To investigate impact of admission renal dysfunction on in-hospital and longterm outcome of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods This was a multicentre,observational,prospective-cohort study.Totally 718 consecutive patients were admitted to 19 hospitals in Beijing within 24 hours of onset of STEMI.Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated according to the abbreviated MDRD equation.The patients were categorized into two groups as renal preservation group(eGFR ≥60 ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2) and renal dysfunction group(eGFR ＜ 60 ml ·min-1 · 1.73 m-2).The association between admission renal dysfunction and in-hospital and six-year outcome was evaluated.Results A total of 718 patients with STEMI were evaluated.There were 551 men and 167 women with age of (61.0 ± 13.0) years.One hundred and thirty-three patients(18.5％) had renal dysfunction.Patients with renal dysfunction were more often female and older,more patients had hypertension,diabetes and heart failure,and more patients had ≥ Killip Ⅱ classes on admission.These patients were less likely to present with chest pain.The in-hospital mortality(16.5％ vs 2.6％,P＜0.001),major adverse cardiac events(MACE) (60.9％ vs 24.4％,P ＜0.001),six-year all-cause mortality(35.3％vs 11.4％,P ＜ 0.001),six-year cardiac mortality (15.9％ vs 5.7％,P =0.001) and six-year MACE (52.4％ vs 28.0％,P ＜ 0.001)were markedly increased in renal dysfunction group than in renal preservation group.After adjusting for other confounding factors,renal dysfunction was an independent predictor of in-hospital MACE (OR 2.120,95％ CI 1.563-2.878,P =0.003),six-year all-cause mortality (RR 2.122,95％ CI 1.127-3.996,P =0.020) and six-year MACE(RR 1.586,95％ CI 1.003-2.530,P =0.047).Conclusions The mortality and MACE in STEMI patients with renal dysfunction were higher than in those with preserved renal function.Renal dysfunction evaluated by eGFR on admission is an important independent predictor of short-term and long-term outcome in patients with acute STEMI.

Objective To evaluate on novitiate of medical students in center of disease control and prevention(CDC).Methods Junior medical students of Grade 2007 were selected randomly by Cluster sampling method and classified into teaching reform group(novitiate in CDC,n=79) and control group.Traditional lecture and discussion were used in the laboratory of the school to 98 students of the control group,while 79 students of the teaching reform group became CDC trainees.Questionnaire and qualitative interviews were used to evaluate the trainees' preventive medicine cognition,their interest and employment intention.Questionnaire data was proofread and entered in EPIdata (version 3.1),and was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS version 17.0),and ratio or rate between groups were compared by x2 test,and scores of two groups were compared by using Wilcoxon test.Results In teaching reform group,rate of H1N1 correctly classified as category B was 76.0％,score of knowledge of Programme on Immunization,knowledge of H 1N 1 reporting procedures,knowledge of DOTs strategy,knowledge of chronic non-communicable disease management,and self-interest in preventive medicine was 4.0,4.0,3.0,5.0 and 4.0(points) respectively,and the proportion of regarding CDC as an employment options was 73.3％,respectively higher than 40.4％,2.9,2.9,2.0,4.0,3.8 points and 28.7％ in control group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Novitiate in CDC is helpful to increasing students' interest in learning preventive medicine,learning knowledge of preventive medicine,and changing employment concept.

In contemporary studies of pulse and of the relationship between sphygmo-diagram and syndrome types or diseases, pulse instrument is usually applied to trace the sphygmo-diagram. A comparatively systemic theory about pulse diagnosis has been formed, and it promotes the pulse researching process. But the mechanism of pulse is complicated and the expressive information of pulse is diversity. So it is difficult to record the complicated information of pulse by applying the instrument. In addition, the simplicity in methods of tracing and analyzing sphygmo-diagram and the lack of criterion for syndrome differentiation make it difficult to study the relationship between the sphygmo-diagram and the syndrome types. It's important to lay stress on clinical applying, to promote communication among researchers, to unify the standards of pulse instrument and syndrome differentiation, and to reinforce the research on the relationship between sphygmo-diagram and the syndrome types. The government's support is also needed to promote multi-science cooperation at the same time.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2(rhBMP-2)in repairing hematopoietic injury in mice irradiated with γ-ray.To prepare SRY gene probe and study the effect of rhBMP-2 in repairing hematopoietic injury in mice by in situ hybridization.Methods Twenty-two BALB/c female mice were randomly divided into the irradiated group and BMP treated group,respectively.Bone marrow cells of normal male mice were transplanted into 22 female mice post-irradiation to 8.5 Gy of 60 Co γ rays.The left femurs of the survived female mice were re-irradiated with 9 Gy 14 days later.Mice in BMP treated group were given rhBMP-2 20 mg/kg while those in control group were treated with 0.9% saline by intraperitoneal injection every day for 6 days.These mice were killed 14 days later and paraffin sections of femurs were made.The SRY gene was detected with in situ hybridization.Results There were more positive blots in the left femurs of the mice in irradiated group than those in BMP treated group(T=155.0,P＜0.05).The number of positive blots between the left femurs of the mice in irradiated group and the right femurs of the mice in two groups was not significantly different(T=92.0,78.5,P＞0.05).The number of positive blots in the left femurs of the mice in BMPtreated group was significantly less than those in the right femurs of the mice in two groups(T=155.0,55.0,P＜0.05).Conclusions No donor cell of male mice was detected in the left femurs of BMP treated group,suggesting that rhBMP-2 promoted the restoration of residuary bone marrow cells.Thus,rhBMP-2 promotes the proliferation or differentiation of residuary mesenchymal stem cells,improves hematopoietic microenvironment and accelerates the hematopoietic restoration.

Objective To study the in vitro effects of different doses and different kinds of LMWH on CR, and to determine whether the CR test could be used to monitor LMWH. Methods The CR value was measured with different reagents ( glass beads, celite and kaolin ) in blood samples from twenty volunteer donors, which were spiked with increasing concentration of LMWH ( dalteparin, 0-1.8 IU/ml ). Then the CR test was performed again on the same blood samples spiked with the same concentration ( 0. 8 IU/ml ) but different LMWH ( dalteparin, enoxaparin and nadroparin ). Regression analysis was performed to establish a regression equation from corresponding LMWH levels. Results With the increasing of dalteparin dose, CR values were reduced gradually for all three reagents. When the concentration of dalteparin was 0-1.8 IU/ml,the value of CR was 20. 0-4. 5 IU/min for glass beads, 26. 1-6.6 IU/min for celite and 27. 2-7. 5 IU/min for kaolin. An exponential relationship was observed between the CR value and dalteparin concentration for three reagents( R2 = -0.796, -0.884, -0.921 ,P ＜0.01 ). All three kinds of LMWH with the same concentration (0.8 IU/ml ) induced a different change in CR. The value of CR was 7.4 IU/min with dalteparin,8. 5 IU/min with enoxaparin and 8.5 IU/min with nadroparin. Compared with the control group ( CR was 17.6 IU/min ), three kinds of LMWH had statistical significance ( t = 18.45, 12. 33, 14. 93, P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with the enoxaparin and nadroparin, dalteparin induced a higher CR value ( t = 2. 552,2. 924,P＜0. 05 ). Conclusions There is an exponential relationship between CR value and dalteparin concentration for three reagents. Three kinds of LMWH can significantly reduce the value of CR. CR test can be used to monitor the anticoagulant effect of LMWH.

Objective To investigate the molecular size distribution and the structure of group B me-ningococcal capsular polysaccharides for the development of vaccines .Methods The molecular size distribution of group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides was analyzed by chromatography on a Sepharose CL -4B col-umn.The molecular weight of repeat units were measured by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).The structural characteristics of group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR) based on the chemical shift of all charac-teristic protons by using group C meningococcal capsular polysaccharides and sialic acid as the controls .Results The KD value of group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides extracted from 15 strains were ranged from 0.60 to 0.76.The molecular weight of repeat units was 284, which was identical to the theoretical value .The group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides were 2→8 linked homopolymers of sialic acid lacking O-acetyl groups.Conclusion The group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides had lower molecular weights , which might result in their poor immunogenicity .The structure of group B meningococcal capsular polysaccharides could be quickly and accurately analyzed by NMR technology .

Objective To determine the correlation of cardiovascular MRI with cardiac biomarkers and electrocardiography(ECG)in acute myocardial infarction(MI).Methods Nineteen patients with first acute MI were selected to undergo MRI on a 1.5 T system within 3-7 days after the onset of symptoms.A first-pass perfusion scan was performed with the administration of Gd-DTPA at a speed after cine MRI for global left ventricle(LV)funotions.Delay-enhanced MRI was performed by using an ECG-gated inversionrecovery fast-gradient echo-pulse sequence 5 to 10 minutes later with second bolus injection at a s peed.Infarct mass(IM),percentage size of infarction(PSI)and LV functions were compared with peak troponin T (peak TnT)and peak ereatine kinase-MB fraction (peak CK-MB).The 12-lead ECG was analysed for STelevation on admission.Pearson and Spearman correlation test and independent-Sample t test wel-e used for statistics.Results The IM (median 6.3 g) was correlated with peak TnT(median 0.8μg/L,r=0.487,P=0.0340)and left ventricle end-systolic volume index(LVESVI)(median 23.4 ml/m2,r=0.480,P=0.038).IM showed a negative correlation with left ventricle ejection fraction(LVEF)(54.1±15.4)/(r=-0.563.P:0.012).The PSI(median 6.0/)was correlated with peak TnT(r=0.583,P=0.009),peak CK.Mn(median 43.0 U/L,r=0.470,P=0.042)and LVSV[(57.6 ±15.0)ml,r=-0.482,P=0.036],peak TnT was also correlated with LVSV(r=-0.524,P=0.021).There were more involved segments(IS)(t=2.972,P=0.009),higher peak TnT(t=2.245,P=0.041)and peak CK-MB(t=2.508,P=0.024)in ST-elevation MI(STEMI)than in non ST-elevation MI(NSTEMI).Conclusions IM directly influences LV functions in acute MI.Peak TnT was a better biomarker reflecting PSI and LV functions.There were more involved segments in STEMI than in NSTEMI.

Objective To investigate the variation of procalcitonin(PCT) in blood and tissue level of acute pancreatitis rats and probe its significant. Methods One hundred and two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group ( n = 6 ), lipopolysaccharide group ( LPS, n = 24 ), acute edematous pancreatitis (AEP) group ( n = 24), acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) group ( n = 24), AN P + LPS group ( n = 24). Subcutaneous injection of cerulein was used for AEP induction, while ANP model was induced by retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate into the biliary and pancreatic duct. The rats were sacrificed at 3,6, 18 and 24 hours after model induction. Pancreatic tissue was harvested and the pathological scores were assessed. Levels of PCT in serum, liver, lung, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine tissue was harvested and tissue levels of PCT were determined. Results AEP and ANP models were established successfully. At 6 h, the serum levels of PCT in control group, LPS group, AEP group, ANP group and ANP +LPS group were (0.0144 ±0.0082) ng/ml, (0. 1722 ±0.0449) ng/ml,(0.4751 ±0.0572) ng/ml, (0.7070 ±0. 1040) ng/ml and ( 1. 1960 ±0.8644) ng/ml, respectively; and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05 ). PCT could be detected in liver, lung, spleen, pancreas, small intestine and large intestine tissue of normal rats. PCT levels in liver and pancreas of ANP group were not statistically different, but the PCT levels in lung, spleen, and large intestine tissue significantly decreased, and the corresponding values were (5.63 ±0.62) ng/ml vs. (6.85 ±0.46) mg/ml, (4.73 ±1.27) mg/ml vs. (6.88 ±0.37) ng/ml, (1.08 ±0.52) ng/ml vs. (4.12 ± 1.02) ng/ml (P <0.01 ). However, the PCT levels in small intestine significantly increased, which were (2.51 ±0.90) ng/ml vs (0.98 ±0. 12) ng/ml (P<0. 01). Conclusions Serum PCT level was associated with the severity of AP and infection; the changes of PCT levels in different tissues may be related with the changes of organ's function.

Objective:To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI enhancement amplitude for qualitative diagnosis of suspicious residual enhancing lesions after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in breast cancer.Methods:In total, 168 suspicious residual enhancing lesions of 168 patients who received NAT at Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into non-residual cancer group ( n=59) and residual cancer group ( n=109) according to pathological findings. Then 168 suspicious residual enhancing lesions were stratified according to molecular subtype and baseline enhancing morphology. According to the breast imaging reporting and data system, the morphology of enhancing lesions, the margin of mass-like enhancing lesions, and the distribution of non-mass-like enhancing lesions on MRI before NAT were recorded. The second phase (1 min 45 s-2 min after contrast injection) was used as the early phase, and the fifth phase (5-6 min after contrast injection) was used as the late phase to measure the signal intensity and time-signal intensity curve (TIC) of suspicious residual enhancing lesions, and the signal enhancement ratio (SER) was calculated. Independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and χ 2 test were used to compare the difference of SER and clinical features between the non-residual and residual cancer groups. The receiver operator characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of SER to determine residual cancer. Results:There are statistically significant differences in invasive ductal carcinoma grade, hormone receptor status, the morphology of enhancing lesion on baseline MRI and TIC type between non-residual and residual cancer groups ( P<0.05). The SER values of the non-residual cancer group in the early [31% (23%, 61%)] and late (72%±43%) enhanced phases were significantly lower than those of the residual cancer group [49% (28%, 71%), 88%±38%, Z=-2.26, t=-2.43, P=0.024, 0.016, respectively]. Among suspicious residual enhancing lesions with hormone receptor negative status and single mass-like morphology, the SER values of the non-residual cancer group in the early (33%±16%) and late [64% (42%, 74%)] enhanced phases were significantly lower than those of the residual cancer group [59%±30%, 84% (77%, 106%), t=-2.86, Z=-3.17, P=0.008, 0.001, respectively]. The area under the curve values of SER in differentiating suspicious residual enhancing lesions were statistically different between early and late enhanced phases (0.606 and 0.637, respectively, Z=2.16, P=0.031). Conclusion:For breast cancer after NAT, it is difficult to determine the suspicious residual enhancing lesions on MRI subjectively, especially the hormone receptor negative lesions with single mass, SER can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic method, and it is necessary for the analysis of late enhancement.