Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis is a kind of zoonosis with poor prognosis.At present,the diagnosis and treatment are mainly based on ultrasound,CT diagnosis,MRI and other classical imaging by detecting the terminal effects of the changes on the cell molecules of the disease itself,the organ anatomy changes.However,it is found that the above imaging techniques have limitations in the diagnosis and treatment.For example,the infiltration zone of the lesion is not clear and the degree of biological activity can not be determined.This leads to a higher recurrence rate in the late stage of clinical treatment.In recent years,the molecular imaging shows the abnormal cell and molecular level in the disease process has been developed rapidly.This has led to several diagnosis and treatment problems related to liver vesicular disease.This paper mainly reviews the research results of the disease in the field of molecular imaging and the development direction of this field in the future,to provide guidance for future clinical and scientific research.

Objective:To investigate the expression level and clinical significance of NLRP3 inflammasome associated protein and inflammatory factors in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE).Methods:A total of 21 HAE patients (case group) and 40 healthy subjects (health group) who underwent surgical treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University from January 2018 to August 2018 were selected and separated into case group and healthy group. In the case group, 12 were males and 9 were females, aged (35.20±7.50) years; in the healthy group, there were 24 males and 16 females, aged (35.19±14.48) years old. The expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33 in normal liver tissues and the nodule tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-33 was detected in the serum of patients by ELISA. Statistical method was used to analyze the difference of each test index between the two groups.Results:The positivity and intensity of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-33 in marginal lesion tissue were more than normal liver tissue, while IL-18 was weaker. The differences were significant ( P<0.05). ELISA assay showed that the expression level of IL-33 in the case group was higher than that in the healthy group [177.88(168.87, 192.92) pg/ml vs 171.78(161.80, 181.93) pg/ml] with significant differences ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in serum between case group and healthy group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The abnormal expression of NLRP3 inflammasome associated protein and inflammatory factor in HAE suggested that the inflammatory body may be involved in the progression of the disease.

Objective To design a mobile personnel radiation protection equipment for operation in environments with high radiation such as spent fuel reprocessing plants, to achieve simultaneous protection against γ radiation, neutron radiation, and radioactive aerosol, to reduce the internal and external exposure dose of radioactive workers, and to meet the requirement of operation for two hours. Methods The core parts of the mobile personnel radiation protection equipment included a shielding chamber and a respiratory maintenance system. An automated chassis was used for the movement and lifting of the shielding chamber. MCNP software was used to simulate and calculate the protective effects of shielding chamber made of different materials and material thicknesses. Experimental verification of the shielding chamber design was conducted. Mathematical models were established to describe the variations in the content of various gases in the chamber with personnel operation time. A respiratory maintenance system, a harmful gas absorption device, and an automated mobile chassis were designed. Results The shielding chamber made of polyethylene with a thickness of 80 mm achieved an 80% neutron shielding rate. The respiratory maintenance system could support workers for 2 hours of operation inside the equipment. The mobile chassis allowed operation of the equipment with one person. Conclusion This mobile personnel radiation protection equipment can solve the problem in simultaneous protection against γ radiation, neutron radiation, and radioactive aerosol. The equipment can provide radiation protection for radioactive workers, reduce exposure dose, and reduce personnel burden. This system provides technical means for the operation and maintenance of equipment in high-radiation sites such as spent fuel reprocessing plants.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of galangin （GAL） on hepatocyte apoptosis in rats with obstructive jaundice （OJ） based on the Janus kinase 2 （JAK2）/signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3） signaling pathway. METHODS Taking male SD rats as the object， the OJ model was established by double ligation of common bile duct， and 48 rats with successful modeling were randomly separated into OJ model group （model group）， low-dose GAL group （GAL-L group）， high-dose GAL group （GAL-H group） and high-dose GAL+JAK2 activator colivelin group （GAL-H+ colivelin group）， with 12 rats in each group； another 12 SD rats with laparotomy/abdominal closure without ligation were selected as sham operation group （sham group）. Each administration group was given relevant medicine intragastrically and/or intraperitoneally， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. After the last medication， the morphology of liver tissue in rats was observed； the serum levels of total bilirubin （TBIL）， direct bilirubin （DBIL）， alanine transaminase （ALT） and γ -glutamyltransferase （GGT）， as well as the levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in mail：guoweishengjcy@126.com liver tissue were detected. The apoptotic rate of liver tissue cells， the expression levels of signaling pathway-related proteins （phosphorylated JAK2， JAK2， phosphorylated STAT3， STAT3） and apoptosis-related proteins [B cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2 related X protein （Bax）] were determined. RESULTS Compared with sham group， congestion of liver sinusoids， damage to liver lobules， disordered arrangement and swollen morphology of liver cells， the disappearance of nucleoli， and significant infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrous tissue proliferation were observed in model group； the serum levels of TBIL， DBIL， ALT and GGT， the level of MDA in liver tissue， the apoptosis rate of liver cells， the protein expression of Bax， and the protein phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3 in liver tissue of model group were increased significantly （P＜0.05）； the level of SOD and the protein expression of Bcl-2 in liver tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， the pathological injuries of liver tissue were relieved in GAL-L group and GAL-H group， all quantitative indicators had significantly improved， and the effect of GAL-H group was more significant （P＜ 0.05）. Colivelin could significantly reverse the improvement effects of GAL on liver injury and related indicators of OJ rats （P＜ 0.05）. CONCLUSIONS GAL may inhibit liver cell apoptosis in OJ rats， improve liver function and alleviate oxidant stress， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.