Objective To investigate the changes of serum copper in mice after whole-body irradiation and analyze the feasibility of these changes as a biological dosimeter.Methods Serum copper in mice exposed to 60 Co γ-rays(0,1,2,3,5 Gy) was collected from the orbital of mice and detected with 5-Br-PADAP colorimetric method at 30 min and 7 d after radiation.One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the difference of serum copper in each group and Dunnett-t test was used to compare the difference between control group and irradiated groups.Linear and quadratic linear fitting function was used to analyze the relationship between serum copper and radiation dose.The change of serum copper was detected at 30 min,1,3,5,7,10,13 and 16 d after radiation to observe the persistence of serum copper.The established relationships were used to estimate the dose in 8 mice irradiated by a blind dose.Results The amount of serum copper in irradiated mice were significantly (F =208.20,145.98,P ＜ 0.05)dependent on the radiation doses with dose responses of y =-0.091x + 0.936 and y =-0.011x2-0.032x + 0.962 (r =0.989,0.995) at 30 min and 7 d post-irradiation,respectively.The concentration of serum copper at 2.0 Gy decreased at 30 min post-irradiation,increased at 1-7 d,then kept at a stable level at 7-14 d even increased slightly after 14 d.With these dose response curves,after radiation with a blind dose of 2 Gy,the absorb doses of mice were assessed to be (1.83-2.25) Gy and (1.82-2.11) Gy at 30 min and 7 d in 95％ confidence interval,respectively.Conclusions The serum copper is a quick,simple,and sensitive biomarker for the early assessment of absorb dose of irradiated mice.

Objective:To explore the selection strategy of pedicled axial flaps for repairing high-voltage electric burn wounds in foot and ankle.Methods:The retrospective observational research method was used. From January 2017 to December 2022, 16 patients with skin and soft tissue defects in foot and ankle after high-voltage electric burns were treated in General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, including 11 cases of unilateral defect and 5 cases of bilateral defect. All patients were male, aged from 25 to 75 years. After thorough debridement, the area of the defect to be repaired with the flap was 5.0 cm×4.0 cm to 12.0 cm×8.0 cm. Before operation, the color Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, or digital subtraction angiography was used to fully evaluate the degree of vascular injury in the affected limb and to identify the distribution and traffic anastomosis of vascular network. Pedicled axial flaps with reliable blood supply were used to repair the wounds as soon as possible, and the area of flaps ranged from 3.0 cm×2.0 cm to 13.0 cm×8.0 cm. The wound in the donor area of flaps was repaired with split-thickness skin graft from head or medium-thickness skin graft from thigh. The flap repair of wounds in various areas of the ankle and foot was recorded. The postoperative survivals of the flaps and skin grafts were observed after surgery. The postoperative appearance of flaps and walking function of patients were followed up. At the last follow-up, the foot and ankle function was evaluated and rated using the American Association of Foot and Ankle Surgeons Ankle Posterior Foot Scoring System.Results:Two wounds in toe area were repaired with reverse dorsal pedis flaps, 3 wounds in medial ankle area and 2 wounds in heel area were repaired with medial plantar flaps, 2 wounds in anterior plantar area combined with toe area were repaired with reverse medial plantar flaps, 2 wounds in anterior plantar area combined with toe area and 5 wounds in anterior plantar area were repaired with reverse medial pedis flaps, 1 wound in toe area was combined with proper plantar digital artery flap, 1 dorsal pedis wound and 1 lateral malleolus wound were repaired with lateral supramalleolar perforator flaps, and 1 lateral malleolus wound and 1 dorsal pedis wound were repaired with sural neurovascular flap. One flap had venous reflux disorder after surgery and survived after treatment, while the other flaps and skin grafts survived completely after surgery. During the follow-up of 6 to 24 months after operation, the appearance of the flaps was good, and the walking function of patients was normal. At the last follow-up, the functional score of foot and ankle was 76 to 95, which was evaluated as excellent in 11 cases and good in 5 cases.Conclusions:According to the condition of high-voltage electric burn in foot and ankle, early and thorough debridement, preoperative imaging examination to evaluate blood vessels of the affected limb, and selection of pedicled axial flap with reliable blood supply are good methods for wound repair and related functional reconstruction of high-voltage electric burn in foot and ankle.