Objective: To establish a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) complicated with atherosclerosis(AS). Methods: Sixteen female SD rats were selected and randomly divided into control group and model group, with 8 rats in each group.The rats in the control group were given routine rearing.The rats in the model group were subcutaneously given dihydrotestosterone(DHT) in neck and fed with high fat diet for a long term.The changes of food intake (FI), body weight(BW), testosterone (T), estrogen (E₂), luteinizing hormone (LH), total cholesterol (TC), blood glucose (BG) and insulin (INS) were observed in the two groups. Results: The levels of FI, T, E₂, LH between the control group and model group had no obvious change[(86.13±7.83)g/r vs.(96.25±10.66)g/r, t=2.113, P=0.563, (10.79±1.74)mg/L vs.(11.47±1.89)mg/L, t=1.785, P=0.087; (36.58±2.57)ng/L vs.(38.64±1.78)ng/L, t=2.697, P=0.068; (15.47±1.96)IU/L vs.(16.01±0.80)IU/L, t=1.570, P=0.614]. The levels of BW, TC, DHT, INS in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group[(234.54±17.14)g vs.(192.67±16.47)g, t=7.930, P<0.000; (2.47±0.13)mmol/L vs.(2.02±0.15)mmol/L, t=6.475, P<0.000; (139.75±12.12)ng/L vs.(55.63±7.80)ng/L, t=8.697, P<0.000; (283.25±33.47)pg/mg vs.(162.12±15.51)pg/mg, t=9.289, P<0.000]. Tube wall was markedly thickened in the model group after being given high fat feed for 12 weeks, and intimal wall was significantly thickened after 16 weeks, and endotheliocyte injury, deep collagen fiber, monocyte adhesion, visible atherosclerotic plaques were observed in the model grouop. Conclusion DHT-induced PCOS rat model by high fat feed reproduces the human typical clinical symptoms and pathological characteristics, it can provide a relatively simple and feasible rat model for further study of the mechanism of PCOS complicated with AS.