This paper reviewed the non-medical technology mechanism influencing medical risk awareness of patients based on the empirical research of communication, trust and risk awareness. As a whole, communication and trust have influence on medical risk awareness of patients. The higher level patients' trust in medical institutions and medical workers is, the more reasons patients' awareness on unpredictable medical outcomes are. At the same time, there is an interaction effect between communication and treatment outcome. Future research can explore the intermediate (emotional trust and cognitive trust) and regulatory mechanisms to provide a scientific evidence for improving doctor-patient relationship.