Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) and Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors at 10℃ were investigated via continuous experimental equipments. The results indicated that the whole reaction process can be simulated by the first-order dynamic equation model. Dynamic parameters such as k, Vmax and Ks of UASB in hydrolysis acidification stage were 1.08 d-1, 2.8 d-1 and 372 mg/L comparing to those of 1.18 d-1, 3.5 d-1 and 112 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. The EGSB's k, Vmax and Ks were 2.91 d-1, 14.3 d-1 and 470 mg/L in the hydrolysis acidification stage comparing to those of 1.68 d-1, 6.6 d-1 and 103 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. Comparison of k values of the two stages in UASB and EGSB indicates that hydrolysis acidification stage is the controlling step for the whole reaction process of UASB, while methanogenesis stage is the controlling step in EGSB. Compared with UASB, municipal sewage treatment by EGSB at 10 ℃ can reach the same effluent requirement with lower retention time due to its effluent recirculation.

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) and Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors at 10°C were investigated via continuous experimental equipments. The results indicated that the whole reaction process can be simulated by the first-order dynamic equation model. Dynamic parameters such as k, Vmax and Ks of UASB in hydrolysis acidification stage were 1.08 d-1, 2.8 d-1 and 372 mg/L comparing to those of 1.18 d-1, 3.5 d-1 and 112 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. The EGSB's k, Vmax and Ks were 2.91 d-1, 14.3 d-1 and 470 mg/L in the hydrolysis acidification stage comparing to those of 1.68 d-1, 6.6 d-1 and 103 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. Comparison of k values of the two stages in UASB and EGSB indicates that hydrolysis acidification stage is the controlling step for the whole reaction process of UASB, while methanogenesis stage is the controlling step in EGSB. Compared with UASB, municipal sewage treatment by EGSB at 10°C can reach the same effluent requirement with lower retention time due to its effluent recirculation.

Kinetics of municipal sewage degradation in Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) and Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors at 10°C were investigated via continuous experimental equipments. The results indicated that the whole reaction process can be simulated by the first-order dynamic equation model. Dynamic parameters such as k, Vmax and Ks of UASB in hydrolysis acidification stage were 1.08 d-1, 2.8 d-1 and 372 mg/L comparing to those of 1.18 d-1, 3.5 d-1 and 112 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. The EGSB's k, Vmax and Ks were 2.91 d-1, 14.3 d-1 and 470 mg/L in the hydrolysis acidification stage comparing to those of 1.68 d-1, 6.6 d-1 and 103 mg/L in the methanogenesis stage respectively. Comparison of k values of the two stages in UASB and EGSB indicates that hydrolysis acidification stage is the controlling step for the whole reaction process of UASB, while methanogenesis stage is the controlling step in EGSB. Compared with UASB, municipal sewage treatment by EGSB at 10°C can reach the same effluent requirement with lower retention time due to its effluent recirculation.

Objective:To study the interaction between the SARS-S1 protein and the SARS-sensitive cells.Methods:The SARS-S1 expression in the E.coli was purified and the anti-SARS-S1 was produced.After incubate with the SARS-S1 protein,cells was staining by the mouse-anti-SARS-S1 antibody and the anti-mouse antibody labeled by FITC.The result was determined by FACS.Results:After incubate with the SARS-S1 protein,different cell line have a different reaction to the SARS-S1 antibody.Conclusion:The SARS-S1 protein expressed by E.coli has a specific binding ability to the SARS-sensitive cells.

Objective To study the effect of citicoline on mild cognitive impairment MCI) in pa tients with middle cerebral artery stenosis (MCAS).Methods Eighty-six MCAS patients with MCI were divided into citicoline group (n=44) and control group (n=42).The patients in citicoline group were treated with citicoline (0.2 g,3 times a day) for 6 months on the basis of conventional treatment.Cerebrovascular reserve,PI,BHI and Vm between the two groups were compared by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography after treatment.MCI between the two groups was assessed according to the MoCA after treatment.Results The rate of cerebrovascular reserve,PI,BHI and Vm were significantly higher in citicoline group than in control group (13.59％± 1.16％ vs 7.61％±1.12％,P＜0.01;0.51±0.16 vs 0.58±0.12,P＜0.05;1.36±0.08 vs 0.74±0.11,P＜ 0.01;32.63％ ±2.32％ vs 16.92％ ± 1.68％,P＜0.05).The total MoCA score,attention,language,visuospatial and executive function,abstract,naming,orientation and memory were significantly higher in citicoline group than in control group (P＜0.01).Conclusion Early citicoline treatment can improve cerebrovascular reserve and alleviate MCI in MCAS patients.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of cognitive impairment associated with early post－acute stroke seizures (EPASS). Methods One hundred and sixty－eight eligible patients were recruited in the study. Patients were divided into cognitive impairment group and non－cognitive disorder group according to MMSE. General clinical data, severity of the stroke, location and extent of infarction, characteristics of epileptic seizures were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was utilized to investigate the independent risk factors of EPASS related cognitive impairment. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that moderate to severe stroke (OR=4.386, P=0.006), cortical infarction (OR=6.430, P=0.012), general tonic clonic seizure (OR=8.189, P=0.004), seizure frequency≥1 time per day (OR=12.818, P＜0.001) were the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in EPASS. Conclusions Patients with moderate to severe stroke, cortical infarction, general tonic clonic seizure and seizure frequency≥1 time per day may have a higher risk of cognitive impairment.

Aptamers are DNA or RNA fragments that can specifically bind to target substances.Because of the excellent properties such as strong binding force,high specificity,small physical size,chemical synthesis and modification,good biocompatibility,and low immunogenicity aptamers show wide application propects in biomedical researches.Aptamers can also bind specifically to receptors on the surface of cell membranes,and mediate the endocytosis of nanoparticles into cells,making them ideal drug targeting ligands.Organic nanomaterials have excellent application value in nanodrug delivery system because of their good biocompatibility and degradability.In this paper,the recent research progress of aptamers and organic nanomaterials drug delivery systems was reviewed.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a primary pathogen causing corneal endotheliitis, which may necessitate corneal transplantation if corneal transparency can not be restored.Recurrence of CMV infection and immune rejection are the main causes of graft failure, emphasizing proper postoperative drug therapy to improve the prognosis of patients.Long-term use of antiviral medications is necessary in order to prevent viral recurrence for patients suffering from CMV corneal endotheliitis who have undergone corneal transplantations.When unexplained endothelial decompensation occurs after corneal transplantation, the diagnosis and treatment of CMV endotheliitis must be emphasized.Topical use of glucocorticoids is the main means to prevent immune rejection.Due to the lower incidence of rejection and increased risk of viral recurrence, reducing or even eliminating the use of immunosuppressants may be considered for patients receiving endothelial keratoplasty.In this paper, different antiviral and anti-rejection drug regimens for patients who have undergone corneal transplantation were reviewed to find more effective and reasonable regimens and provide references for clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of progressive motor deficit (PMD) in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) beyond thrombolysis time.Methods The clinical data of 123 patients with acute MCAO beyond thrombolysis time,admitted to our hospital from March 2015 to March 2017,were analyzed retrospectively.According to whether patients having National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores increased＞2 within 5 d of admission and continued for 24 h,these patients were divided into two groups:PMD group and non-PMD group.Single factor analysis was performed on all clinical parameters that might influence PMD;in addition,the influencing factors of PMD were analyzed by multiple factor Logistic regression analysis.Results Fifty-one patients (41.5％) had PMD and 72 patients (58.5％) did not have PMD.Single factor analysis showed that the differences of randomized blood glucose level,ratio of patients with PH2 type hemorrhagic transformation,intracurricular infarct pattern,radiation crown infarct and collateral circulation pathway between the PMD group and the non-PMD group were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Multiple factor Logistic regression analysis showed that ratio of patients with PH2 type hemorrhagic transformation,radiation infarct site,internal watershed infarct model and collateral circulation pathway were significantly correlated to PMD (OR=2.857,95％CI:1.037-7.869,P=0.042;OR=2.585,95％CI:1.219-5.481,P=0.013;OR=2.876,95％CI:1.327-6.232,P=0.007;OR=2.332,95％CI:1.120-4.867,P=).024).Conclusion PH2 type hemorrhagic transformation,corona radiate infarct,intemal watershed infarct model and insufficient collateral circulation pathway are the important risk factors of PMD in patients with acute MCAO beyond thrombolysis time.