Objective To investigate the dosimetric effect of multi-leaf collimator (MLC)transmission on intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).Methods MLC transmission through theleaves and rounded ends were measured with ion chamber for Varian Trilogy linear accelerator with the X-ray of 6 MV and 10 MV.The intraleaf and interleaf transmission were also measured with the electronic portal imaging device of aS1000.10 tumor patients treated with IMRT were used to evaluate the MLC parameters modeling in the Eclipse treatment planning system.Results The average transmissions of Millennium MLC were 1.6％ and 1.8％ for 6 MV and 10 MV X-rays.The transmission increased with the field size and depth of measurement.The transmissions at off axis position were a little lower than those on the central axis.The intraleaf transmissions measured with aS1000 were 0.8％-1.2％ and 1.1％-1.6％,the interleaf transmission were 1.3％-1.9％ and 1.6％-2.5％ for 6 MV and 10 MV X-rays respectively.Modeling with the measured MLC parameters,the Eclipse treatment planning system could calculate the dose distribution accurately.The γ pass rate at 3％ 3 mm was above 95％,except for two patients with nasopharyngeal cancer with the pass rate of 93.6％ and 94.5％.Conclusions The transmissions through the MLC leaves and the leaf ends contribute to the dose throughout the target significantly for IMRT.MLC transmission varied with the field size,depth of measurement and off axis position.

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is one of the most important complications of diabetes.Its pathogenesis is com-plex and has not been fully elucidated.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays an important role in the development of DN.Relevant data show that glycogen synthesis kinase-3β(GSK-3β)participates in the process of EMT through multiple sig-naling pathways and affects the occurrence and progression of DN.This article reviews the research progress of GSK-3β in-volved in EMT in DN.