Objective To investigate in evaluation of various capacity requirement of probationer nurs-ing students by nurses in operation room in order to improve clinical teaching work. Methods A self-de-signed questionnaire was applied, 191 qualified teaching nurses from nine grade three A general hospitals in Beijing were invited to fdl the questionaires. The results underwent subsequent analysis. Results The teach-ers had high expectations for various capacity of the probationer nursing students. Conclusions Clinical teachers should establish feasible teaching scheme according to the existing teaching syllabus in order to in-crease teaching quality, make students gain new insights through reviewing old materials, so that they can mas-ter various technique in operation room in short time.

Objective: To investigate the effects of different processing methods (steeping, boiling) and different adjuvants (alum, ginger, bile) on toxicity and adverse effect of Arisaema Amurense Maxim. Methods: The determinations of toxicity and adverse effect were performed by tasting of hot and tingle, test of stimulating rabbit eyes and acute toxicity test. Results: The product processed by alum is better than that by ginger in eliminating hot and tingle taste. The product processed by heating is better than that without heating. The test result of stimulating rabbit eyes is similar to that of hot and tingle taste. The result of acute toxicity test indicates that the toxicity of Arisaema Amurense Maxim is low. Conclusions: It is scientific that Arisaema Amurense Maxim. is mostly processed by alum and heat. The clinical application of Arisaema Amurense Maxim. has a certain safety.

Objective To investigate whether Ulinastatin (UTI) would minimize the systemic inflammatory response,lessen cardiac dysfunction and protect neurons against injury in hippocampus CA1area after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Methods Animal models of cardiac arrest were established in 24 New Zealand rabbits,and those animals were randomly (random number) divided into control group and UTI treated group after ROSC.Changes in the levels of plasma inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 were assayed before cardiac arrest and 4,8,12 and 16 hours after ROSC.Cardiac function including FS,EF and E/A were observed with ultrasonography before cardiac arrest and 4,8,12 and 16hours after ROSC,and viable and apoptotic neurons in hippocampus CA1 area and infiltrations of MPO positive cells in myocardium,cerebrum,liver,kidney and intestine were counted 72 hours after ROSC.The t-test or Mann-Whitney rank sum test was used to verify the specified theoretical distribution functions of the biomarkers tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test,POST HOC test was used for the multiple comparisons,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between inflammatory cytokines and cardiac function. Results The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in UTI group were lower than those in control group as those data got 4,8,12 and 16 hours after ROSC (P ＜0.05).EF and E/A in UTI treated group were higher than those in the control group as those data got 4,8,12 hours after ROSC.FS values obtained 4 h and 8 hours after ROSC were higher in UTI group than those in control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 significantly correlated with EF after ROSC.The number of viable neurons in CA1 area of control group was ( 13.22 ± 0.97) which was lower than that in UTI group ( 16.89 ± 1.45 ) ( P =0.003 ),while the number of apoptotic neurons in hippocampus CA1 area was higher in control group than that in UTI group (15.67 ± 1.37) vs.(13.67 ± 1.03 ) (P =0.019).The numbers of MPO positive cells were significantly lower in liver,kidney and intestine in group UTI than those in control group. Conclusions UTI could inhibit the infiltration of MPO positive cells in liver,kidney and intestine,decreasing the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in plasma,in turn lessening cardiac dysfunction and protecting neurons from injury in hippocampus CA1 area after ROSC of New Zealand rabbits.

Objective To explore the optimal cut-off points of body mass index(BMI),percentage of body fat(PBF) and body fat mass index(BFMI) for identification of cardiovascular risk factors clustering among elderly males. MethodsThe data of physical examinations from 1 052 Shanghai elderly males in 2007 were collected.The relationship between cardiovascular risk factors clustering and different strata of BMI,PBF and BFMI was analyzed.Receiver Operator Characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was employed to determine the optimal cut-points for identification of cardiovascular risk factors clustering,and area under curve(AUC) was worked out.The population attributable risk proportion(PARP) of risk factors clustering was calculated. Results Odds ratios of risk factors clustering tended to increase with BMI,PBF and BFMI.BMI≥24 kg/m2,PBF≥21% and BFMI≥5 kg/m2 were the cut-off points that had approximate sensitivity and specificity,and/or had the shortest distance in ROC curve.AUC of all the three indexes was larger than 0.5.Analysis of PARP indicated that BMI under 24 kg/m2,PBF under 21% and BFMI under 5 kg/m2 could prevent 27.1%,37.44% and 36.63% risk factors clustering,respectively. Conclusion BMI≥24 kg/m2,PBF≥21% and BFMI≥5 kg/m2 can well reflect the cardiovascular risk factors clustering among elderly males.

Objective: To investigate the new processing method of Arisaema Amurense Maxim. Methods: Referring to hot and and tingle taste, we have screened out the best condition in processing Arisaema Amurense Maxim. by testing in orthogonal designs, and compared stimulation, extractives and UV of different samples. Results: The new processing method can save half slum according to Ch P. the stimulation of the two samples processed by Ch P & by new method is similar; the water soluble and ethanol soluble extractives and UV of processed samples by new method is better than that by Pharmacopoeia of PR. China. Conclusion: The new method screened out by testing in orthogonal design, can not only eliminate hot and tingle taste, reduce the lose of effective component, but also save a lot of slum.

Objective:To investigate the associations between serum uric acid levels during the third trimester of pregnancy and risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods:In this retrospective study, a cohort of 7 995 pregnant women who were hospitalized for childbirth from January 2014 to January 2019 were collected to compare pregnancy outcomes between subjects with or without hyperuricemia (HUA). A smooth curve analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between uric acid levels and preterm delivery, low birth weight and smaller than gestational age. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the interaction of the factors.Results:During the third trimester of pregnancy, the uric acid levels of about 10% pregnant women were over 420 μmol/L. In those with HUA, the median neonatal birth weight was 2 590 (1 790, 3 410) g, the probability of premature birth was 49.81%, and the incidence of small than gestational age was 20.41%. These were significantly different from the women without HUA (the median neonatal birth weight: 3300 (2850, 3640) g; the probability of premature birth 23.09%; the incidence of small than gestational age 6.55%, respectively) (All P<0.001). Maternal uric acid levels were negatively correlated with neonatal birth weight, and positively correlated with the risk of smaller than gestational age. It has a U-shaped association with the probability of premature birth, and the lowest probability of premature birth was at 200-400 μmol/L of the uric acid. Risks of low birth weight (adjusted β=-5.22, 95% CI-6.46—-3.99) and smaller than gestational age (adjusted OR=1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.04) were increased in the function of uric acid levels. High uric acid, hypertension, oligoamnios and preeclampsia were important risk factors for the adverse pregnancy outcomes. The risk of preterm delivery and low birth weight enhanced when hyperuricemia combined with hypertension and preeclampsia. Conclusions:Serum uric acid level can be used as one of reliable markers for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes, which might provide theoretical basis for clinical intervention in practice.

Objective To study the effects ofgranulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) and AMD3100 on the proliferation,migration and adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).Methods The proliferation,migration and adhesion of MSCs were detected by MTT chromometry,transwell and adhesion test.Results When the concentration of G-CSF was 200 μg/L and AMD3100 was 0.5 mg/L,the proliferation and migration of MSCs were the strongest.When the concentration of G-CSF was 200 μg/L and AMD3100 was 0 mg/L,the adhesion of MSCs was the strongest.Conclusion The proliferation,migration,adhesion of MSCs are promoted by G-CSF,and inhibited by AMD3100.

Chinese traditional patent medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis(PBCRBS) originated from traditional Chinese medicine theory and had approved efficacy and safety standards. However, its compatibility regularity and anti-thrombotic mechanism is not clear. To analyze the compatibility regularity and anti-thrombotic mechanism of Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS, a statistical and bioinformatics analysis was carried out using traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system (TICMISS, V2.0) and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). The compatibility regularity analysis shows that the most commonly used herb combinations are Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.) and Honghua (Carthamustinctorius L.). The anti-thrombotic mechanism analysis reveals that 25 ingredients have an effect on 29 thrombosis related molecules which 23 molecules are related to inflammation response. Furthermore, there are 5 inflammation molecules (NOS2, PTGS2, IL6, TNF, IL1β) served as major targets. At the same time, Danshen, Chuangxiong and Honghua mainly used as sovereign herb or minister herb in the application of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS probably has an effect on anti-thrombotic activity through inhibiting the inflammatory response. In summary, the most commonly used herb combinations of Chinese traditional patent medicine for PBCRBS are Danshen, Chuanxiong and Honghua. Inhibiting inflammatory response, especially inflammation related molecules (NOS2, PTGS2, IL6, TNF and IL1β), is probably a new starting point to clarify the anti-thrombotic mechanism of Chinese patent medicine for PBCRBS.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Carthamus tinctorius ; Computational Biology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

OBJECTIVETo compare the loudness growth of normal hearing children and children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) by the modified Contour test.

METHODSThe loudness growth function were obtained in 26 ears with normal hearing and 25 ears with SNHL using the modified Contour test. Retesting were carried out 2 or 3 weeks later after the initial test. The results were analyzed by the univariate analysis of variance.

RESULTSThere was significant difference in loudness growth between normal hearing group and groups with SNHL of different degrees (F = 1368.32, P < 0.001), and also between different loudness categories (F = 682.21, P < 0.001). Large differences were observed in the dynamic range between normal hearing children and children with sensorineural hearing loss (F = 214.26, P < 0.001). The following results were found in the loudness growth in children with SNHL: the more serious the hearing loss was, the more rapid the loudness growth and the smaller the dynamic range. The test-retest reliability of loudness growth function obtained in normal hearing and hearing-impaired group was highly correlated. The results of modified contour test showed good reliability.

CONCLUSIONSWhen fitting hearing aids for a child the result of individual loudness growth should be obtained as possible as it could be drawn to reach the best listening saturation for the child. The modified contour test was a vivid and easy-to-do test for children, also with good reliability. In order to fit hearing aids properly for children, it was worth applying the modified contour test in clinic.

Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hearing Aids ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Loudness Perception ; Male

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of the osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene-modified autologous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on regeneration of periodontal defects, and to provide new experimental evidence to explore the gene therapy for periodontal disease.

METHODSpSecTag2/B-opg was transduced into BMSCs by lipofectamine 2000. The expression of OPG protein in the BMSCs was detected by immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Inverted phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to observe the morphology and proliferation of the BMSCs(OPG) on on the surface of the poly lactic-co-glycolic (PLGA). Horizontal alveolar bone defect (4 mmx4 mmx 3 mm) were surgically created in the buccal aspect of the mandibular premolar, and were randomly assigned to receive BMSCs(OPG)-PLGA (cells/material/OPG), BMSCs-PLGA (cells/material), PLGA (material), or root planning only (blank control). The animals were euthanized at 6 weeks post surgery for histological analysis. The height of new alveolar bone and cementum and the formation of new connective tissue were analyzed and compared. All data were statistically analyzed using the q test.

RESULTSThe BMSCs transfected by human OPG gene can highly express OPG protein. SEM observations demonstrated that BMSCs(OPG) were able to proliferate and massively colonize on the scaffolds structure. After 6 weeks, the height of new alveolar bone and cementum and the formation of new connective tissue were significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBMSCs(OPG)-PLGA can significantly promote the regeneration of dog's periodontal bone defects. Gene therapy utilizing OPG may offer the potential for periodontal tissue engineering applications.

Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Dental Cementum ; Dogs ; Glycolates ; Lactic Acid ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Osteoprotegerin ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; Regeneration ; Tissue Engineering