Streptomyces sp.X-435 isolated from a soil sample collected in the suburbs of Beijing was proved to be a produce Virginiamycin.To improve the productivity of the Virginiamycin of Streptomyces sp.X-435,the spores of strain X-435 were treated with UV.The three types of colony,strawhat,wrinkled,blad,were isolated on Gaose's medium plates after mutation.Among them,the colonies of strawhat type exhibited positive mutation and were picked up as objects of screening.After five generation of mutation,the mutant F5-25-u-28 was selected which potency of Virginiamycin was about 20times higher than that of the beginning strain by flask fermentation and was also genetic stable.

Objective To explore the relative factors influencing the recurrence of endometriosis. Methods Three hundred and fifty-six patients of endometriosis were treated with surgery and then followed up for 3 years. Seventy-five recurrent cases among them were analyzed retrospectively. Results The recurrent rate was different in the ≤24 year age group (?~2=11.212, P

Objective: In order to improve the content of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs), orca3/g10h genes were introduced to the hairy roots in Catharanthus roseus. Methods: Bivalent expression vector CAMBIA1304+ +orca3 + g10h was constructed and introduced into Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain and transformed into C. roseus to obtain transgenic hairy roots. RT-qPCR was used to study the transcriptional differences of relative genes referred to the biosynthesis pathway of TIAs. Then HPLC was used to study TIAs content in the transgenic hairy roots of C. roseus, including vinblastine, vincristine, and ajmalicine. Results: The transcriptional level of genes that linked to biosynthesis of TIAs in the transgenic hairy roots of C. roseus, asα, ggpps, g10h, str, tdc, cpr, sgd, and dat, were all expressed higher than those of the nontransgenic roots. HPLC results showed that modified hairy root of C. roseus owned more total TIAs production, 58.23 mg/g, the number was larger than that of common roots in C. roseus as many as 27.5 times. On the other hand, the average content of vinblastine and vincristine was also more than the common roots in C. roseus. Among them, vinblastine content was the most. The number of production got 51.30 mg/g, which was as many as 197.3 times of the common root of C. roseus. Conclusion: Orca3/g10h double-gene transgenic hairy root of C. roseus can increase TIAs content efficiently.

Objective To explore the damage of spiral ganglion neurons(SGNs),the protective effects of different dosages of healthy ear compound (HEC)from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) against age-induced SGNs degeneration and its possible mechanism in spiral ganglion neurons(SGNs)of C57BL/6J mice.Methods Totally 36 C57BL/6J mice just after ablactation were randomly divided into four groups.Normal control group (n =6)drank tap water daily from ablactation to 2 months old.Ageing-related SGNs apoptosis control group(n=12)drank tap water daily from ablactation to 7 months old.High dose TCM group(n=12)at drank 3.65 g/kg/d of HEC from ablactation to 7 months old.Low dose TCM group(n=6)drank 0.91 g/kg/d of HEC from ablactation to 7 months old.The animal cochleae were immediately removed at the termination of the experiment.In each group,the cochleae of 6 animals were used for paraffin embedding,slicing and toluidine blue staining to observe neuronal morphological changes.The caspase-3 mRNA expression study was performed by real-time PCR technique in 6 cochleae of High dose TCM group and ageing-related SGNs apoptosis control group.Results The morphological structure of cochlear SGNs represented healthy and normal density in normal control group at 2 months old.In contrast,amount or density of SGNs in cochlear basilar part was significantly damaged and reduced in ageing-related SGNs apoptosis control group at 7 months old(P＜ 0.001).But the high dose TCM group at 7 months of age was similar to the normal control group at 2 months old in morphological structure,amount or density of SGNs(P＞0.05).The low dose TCM group was significantly different from other 3 groups in amount or density of SGNs (P＜0.001).However,SGNs in the middle part and apical part showed integrity in each group.In addition,the expression level of caspase-3 in the cochlea of high dose TCM group was also obviously different with age-related SGNs apoptosis control group(P＜0.01) Conclusions Ageing-related damage of SGNs in C57BL/6J mice begins from the base of cochlea and progresses towards the apex.The HEC of TCM could significantly protect SGNs against age-induced apoptosis in SGNs.The efficacy of the high dose TCM is better than that of the low dose TCM.Its SGNs protective mechanisms might be related to involving the caspase-mediated cell apoptotic pathway.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Qi Kwai Granule particles on the expression of in-terleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1(MCP-1) and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) in diabetic nephropathy(DN)rats and evaluate the protective effect of Qi Kwai Granule particles against renal injury of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS This experiment adopts adopted the high-sugar-high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of 2％ STZ+unilateral renal ligation to establish rat model of diabet-ic nephropathy.50 model rats were then randomly divided into model group,Irbesartan group,Qi Kwai Granule particles of high, medium, low dose group, 10 rats in each group. 10 normal rats were set as the sham operation group.Intragastric administration for 8 weeks were measured in rats.Measure the value of rat blood glucose by blood glucose meter,the determination of serum interleukin 6(IL-6)con-tent by ELISA, the expression of MCP-1 and TGF-β1by immunohistochemistry method. The value of rat blood glucose were measured by blood glucose meter.Serum interleukin 6(IL-6)were determinat-ed by ELISA.Expression of MCP-1 and TGF-β1were evaluated by immunohistochemistry method.RE-SULTS The blood glucose of Qi Kwai Granule particles of high,medium groups were decreased com-pared with those of the model group(P<0.05).The content of IL-6 of Qi Kwai Granule particles of high, medium groups were reduced(P<0.01). The content of MCP-1, TGF-β1in kidney of Qi Kwai Granule particles of high, medium, low dose groups were decreased (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Qi Kwai parti-cles have protective effect on renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy rats.Its mechanism might be related to the decrease of blood glucose value and IL-6,the inhibition of the expression of MCP-1 and TGF-β1.

AIM:To construct adenovirus vector expressing mice B7-H1 gene, transfect dendritic cells ( DCs ) , and to study the therapeutic effect of modified DC on thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy ( TAO) in mice.
METHODS: We designed and constructed B7-H1 gene adenovirus expression vector, and transfected DCs from mouse bone marrow, tested the phenotype and function of modified DCs, identificated its negative regulation to immune responses. The modified DCs were infected the sicked mice. And then the immunotherapeutic effect of modified DCs to TAO were tested.
RESULTS: B7 - H1 gene adenovirus vector was constructed and transfected DCs from bone marrow. The titer of the recombinant adenovirus was 1. 8í109 PFU/mL. B7-H1 gene modified DCs characteristics of regulatory DCs, could inhibit positive immune responses. The inhibition proceeding of TAO into mice infected modified DCs, was obviously prior to the control mice. The gene modified DCs, maybe become the new immunotherapy biological agent to thy TAO.
CONCLUSION: We constructed the expression of mouse B7 - H1 gene adenovirus expressed vector successfully, transfected DCs, by vector have properties of regulatory DCs, inhibiting positive immune response and the occurrence and development of thyroid eye disease. Gene modified DCs, reveal potent to the treatment of thyroid eye disease.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB)during surgery of breast cancer. MethodsRadioactive colloid and blue dye were injected intradermally around the tumor seperately before the operation and the SLN were detected first by lymph scintigraphy. SLN was detected and located using ?-finder and the blue dye. Axillary lymph node dissection(ALND)was performed routinely after the SLNB. Results Among 116 breast cancer patients,this procedure was successful in 98.3% of cases. The sensitivity, accuracy and false negative rate were 93.6%, 97.4% and 6.4%, respectively. Conclusions SLNB is a simple, safe and reliable technique.Routine ALND could be raplaced by SLNB in breast cancer patients undergoing surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of esketamine on myocardial injury and the relationship with nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway in septic rats.Methods:Thirty-two SPF healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 200-230 g, were randomized into 4 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), control plus esketamine group (group CE), sepsis group (group S) and sepsis plus esketamine group (group SE). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected to establish the sepsis model.At 30 min after LPS or normal saline intraperitoneal injection, esketamine 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected, and administration was repeated 12 h later in group SE and group CE.At 24 h after LPS injection, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured (using echocardiography), and serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) concentrations were determined (by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Myocardial tissues were obtained for examination of pathological changes (by hematoxylin-eosin staining) and for determination of expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and transcription factor Bach 1 (BTB-CNC allogeneic 1). Results:Compared with group C, LVEF was significantly decreased, concentrations of cTnI, BNP, LDH, CK-MB, TNF-α and HMGB1 in serum were increased, expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was down-regulated, and expression of Bach 1 was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and the significant pathological changes of myocardial tissues were found in S and SE groups.No significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group CE ( P>0.05). Compared with group S, LVEF was significantly increased, concentrations of cTnI, BNP, LDH, CK-MB, TNF-α and HMGB1 in serum were decreased, expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was up-regulated, and expression of Bach 1 was down-regulated ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of myocardium were significantly attenuated in group SE. Conclusion:Esketamine can reduce myocardial injury, and the mechanism may be related to activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in septic rats.

To identify the active constituents in vitro and blood-absorbed ingredients in vivo from Yin Chen Hao decoction provides scientific evidence for probing its prevention and treatment mechanism on acute liver injury. An ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) method was applied for analysis of Yin Chen Hao decoction and the serum samples of mice with con-A induced acute liver injury after preventive oral administration for 14 days (the use of all laboratory animals in this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Naval Medical University, 19YF1459400). A total of 90 chemical constituents were identified from Yin Chen Hao decoction, mainly were flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, quinones. 5 prototype compounds were identified in the serum, including chrysophanol, deoxyrhapontin-8-O-gallate, mussaenosidic acid, herniarin, emodin. The established UPLC-QTOF/MS method could efficiently and sensitively identify the constituents in vitro and blood-absorbed ingredients of Yin Chen Hao decoction, primarily clarify the material basis of its hepatoprotective effect, and provided a scientific basis for the quality marker selection and the pharmacodynamic material basis research on the decoction.

The compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) formulae containing enormous information, is a complex component system. Applications of mathematical statistics methods on the compatibility researches of traditional Chinese medicines formulae have great significance for promoting the modernization of traditional Chinese medicines and improving clinical efficacies and optimizations of formulae. As a tool for quantitative analysis, data inference and exploring inherent rules of substances, the mathematical statistics method can be used to reveal the working mechanisms of the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicines formulae in qualitatively and quantitatively. By reviewing studies based on the applications of mathematical statistics methods, this paper were summarized from perspective of dosages optimization, efficacies and changes of chemical components as well as the rules of incompatibility and contraindication of formulae, will provide the references for further studying and revealing the working mechanisms and the connotations of traditional Chinese medicines.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; statistics & numerical data ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Drug Incompatibility ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional