Search relative literature according to key words,focus parameters of oxygen metabolism in the diag-nosis and treatment of shock on progress. The importance of hemodynamic monitoring is reflected in the correct interpre-tation of the monitoring results and takes simultaneously the appropriate treatment strategy according to the correct inter-pretation of the results. The essence of the shock is body tissue hypoperfusion,which result in tissue hypoxia and organ dysfunction,the essence of the hemodynamic imbalance is the imbalance of oxygen supply and oxygen consumption. The end point of the fluid resuscitation for shock is now increasing emphasis on monitoring mixed / central venous oxygen saturation and the concentration of blood lactate,the rate of lactate clearance.

The application of bronchoscopy intervention is focused on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary disease infection,central airway and upper airway stenosis for children.There are few reports on the application of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),the indications and timing of the application is not common,and lack of randomized controlled study.Despite this,the present limited study suggests that therapeutic prospects have been shown in the treatment of ARDS with bronchoscopy intervention.

Sepsis,the systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)induced by infection,is the first cause of death of patients in intensive care unit. Early diagnosis of sepsis with the actions of corresponding treatment can improve the prognosis of sepsis.It is an appropriate way to achieve early diagnosis of sepsis that using proteomics methods to detect unknown proteins during early stage of sepsis,in which we search for new protein biomarkers.

Extracorporeal life support system (ELSS) can maintain the heart,lung,liver,kidney function and increased cerebral blood supply and reduce intracranial pressure.In addition,for children with emergency and serious disease combined multiple organ failure (MOF),ECLS has an irreplaceable role in gaining time for the treatment of protopathy,which can ultimately reduce mortality and sequelae for children with emergency and serious disease.This review briefly summarizes the indication,pathophysiology and timing of ECLS in pediatric emergency and serious disease.

The children with septic shock could not be presented in hospitals with PICU facilities first.Furthermore,from a pathophysiologic perspective paediatric shock does not resemble adult septic shock.This suggests that every physician that could be faced with these children needs to understand how to recognize paediattic shock and have basic knowledge of the principles of primary management.

The guide of fluid resuscitation for septic shock is universal instructional.However,different individuals present different pathophysiologic characteristics.The clinicians should pay attention to the specific children when fluid resuscitation was performed.In this article,we discussed the specificity of fluid resuscitation for septic shock.

Because bronchoscopy and CT technology development,the number of confirmed cases of children with airway stenosis have increased every year,but clinical management of pediatric airway constriction is a very thorny issue.This article described the application principles,indications and methods of thermal cauterization,cryotherapy,balloon dilatation airway-plasty and airway stent in airway stenosis.

The importance of hemodynamic monitoring is reflected in the correct interpretation of the monitoring results and taking simultaneously the appropriate treatment strategy according to the correct interpretation of the results.The essence of the shock is body tissue hypoperfusion,whtich result in tissue hypoxia and organ dysfunction.The essence of the hemodynamic imbalance is the imbalance of oxygen supply and oxygen consumption.Therefore,the end point of the fluid resuscitation for shock is now increasing emphasis on monitoring mixed/central venous oxygen saturation and the concentration of blood lactate,the rate of lactate clearance.

Objective To explore the MRI characteristics of saddle transverse carpal ligament (TCL)of patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods The clinical diagnosis of 21 cases of idiopathic CTS patients (22 wrists) were retrospectively analyzed and as the idiopathic CTS group. Thirty two patients without CTS symptoms or TCL and volar soft tissue lesions (33 wrist joints) were selected as the control group. Patients in two groups were both conducted with sagittal and axial MRI scan of wrist joint to observe the form of the TCL, determine whether the TCL saddle and calculate the TCL palmar concave curvature and the median nerve compression rate. The differences of the morphology of the TCL of patients in two groups were compared by Chi?square criterion, and the difference of the TCL palmar concave curvature were compared by non parametric test. The relativity of TCL palmar correlation concave curvature and compression ratio of the median nerve of patients with idiopathic CTS was evaluated by the Pearson correlation analysis.Results The sagittal plane of patients with idiopathic CTS was upper, saddle shaped TCL was dented to the palmar and the concave point most frequently located in the hamate hook. Thirty one patients were with saddle shaped TCL (20 patients with idiopathic CTS and 11 patients in the control group) and 24 patients were with non saddle shaped TCL (2 patients with idiopathic CTS and 22 patients in the control group) as the standard of saddle shaped TCL concave 0.25 mm and the difference of the morphology of the TCL of patients in two groups had statistical significance (χ2= 17.791, P<0.01). The median of TCL palmar concave curvature of patients with idiopathic CTS and patients in the control group was 8.49%and 0.00%, respectively, the difference of which was statistically significant (Z=-4.79, P<0.01). The level of the median nerve, the TCL palmar concave curvature [(7.88+4.28)%] and the median nerve compression rate [(39.36 + 19.43)% ] of patients with idiopathic CTS were positively correlated (r=0.714, P<0.01). Conclusions Saddle shaped TCL is the characteristic manifestation of patients with idiopathic CTS. The TCL sagittal concave palm and median nerve compression percentage rate are both helpful to the accurate diagnosis.

The cardiovascular system plays a key role in sepsis,and septic myocardial depression is a common finding associated with increased morbidity and mortality.Myocardial depression during sepsis is not clearly defined,but it can perhaps be best described as a global (systolic and diastolic)dysfunction of both the left and right sides of the heart.The pathogenesis of septic myocardial depression involves a complex mix factor of genetic,molecular,metabolic, and structural.Now,the research status on pathogenesis of myocardial depress in sepsis was reviewed.