Based on the analysis of Language Learning Strategies of foreign language learners and their characteristics,this paper illuminates that training on Language Learning Strategies in regular language classes helps foreign language learners become successful and independent learners.

Objective To investigate the role of TRAF2 in AP-1 signaling pathway of human B cells.Methods Human Ramos B cells were transfected with plasmids expressing YFP fusion wild type TRAF2(YFP-WT-TRAF2) or YFP fusion dominant-negative TRAF2(DN-TRAF2),or transfected with shRNA-TRAF2 and control shRNA plasmid.After incubation overnight,cells were either sorted with flowcytometry or screened by antibiotics G418.Activation of AP-1 pathway,including phosphorylation of ERK,JNK and P38,as well as nuclear translocation of AP-1 subunits were detected by western blot and ELISA.Results Overexpression of WT-TRAF2 selectively induced activition of MAPK by phosphorylation of ERK and P38,and further induced nuclear translocation of C-FOS.Moreover,both overexpression of DN-TRAF2 and transfection of shRNA-TRAF2 inhibited phosphorylation of ERK and P38,and nuclear translocation of C-FOS.Conclusion TRAF2 selectively activates some kinases in CD40 mediated AP-1 signaling pathway,and plays an important role in AP-1 activation.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Tanshinone ⅡA for treatment on acute cerebral infarction(ACI). Methods 104 patients with ACI were randomly divided into Tanshinone group (50 cases) and control group (54 cases),and were treated with conventional therapy. While,Tanshinone ⅡA was added by intravenous drop in Tanshinone group for 2 weeks. Neurological functional deficit scores,Barthel index(BI) were observed,the levels of serum superoxide dismutas(SOD),lipid peroxide (LPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected pre and post treatment. The efficacy was compared in the two groups.Results After 2 weeks of treatment,the score of National institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) was decreased,BI was increased,the level of serum SOD was increased,the levels of serum LPO and MDA were decreased in the two groups. Compared with those in pre treatment,the changes of all the targets were significantly different (all P

B cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) through multiple mechanisms.Clinical trials have demonstrated that anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody(Rituximab) is effective and safe to treat refractory RA through depletion of B cells.Rituximab is now approved by FDA for use concurrently with methotrexate to treat RA in patients who have an inadequate response to one or more tumor necrosis factor inhibitors.

Objective To investigate psychological pressure sources of emergency nurses who were assigned to emergency intensive care unit(EICU)and put forward countermeasures.Methods We collected data by phenomenological method of qualitative study.Thirteen nurses who had worked in EICU for at least six months were interviewed.The collected data we analyzed by Colaizzi analysis method.Result The psychological pressure had its sources from 4 main aspects: nursing skills,increasing labor intensity,communications with patients and shortage of staff.Conclusion Nursing administration should actively take measures to relieve the psychological pressures of the emergency nurses who were assigned to EICU so as to improve the nurses’working enthusiasm and the nursing quality of EICU.

This study investigated the inhibitory effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on selenite-induced cataract formation in rats and the possible mechanism. Eighty 8-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into 5 groups: control group, model group, three GSPE groups (low dose, medium dose and high dose). Control group received subcutaneous injection of physiological saline. Model group was given subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite (20 μmol/kg body weight) on the postpartum day 10, and once every other day for consecutive three times thereafter. GSPE treated groups were respectively administered GSPE at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight intragastrically 2 days prior to the selenite injection (that was, on the postpartum day 8), and once daily for fourteen consecutive days thereafter. The opacity of lenses was observed, graded and photographed under the slit lamp microscopy and the maximal diameter of the nuclear cataract plaques was measured. The lenses were analyzed for superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), malondialdehyde (MDA), calcium (Ca(2+)), nitric oxide (NO) and anti-hydroxyl radical ability (anti-OH(-)). The histomorphology of lenses was observed with HE staining under a light microscope. The levels of calpainII, and iNOS protein and mRNA expression in lenses were detected by using immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed subcutaneous injection of sodium selenite led to severe nuclear cataract in model group, and the achievement ratio of model group was 100%. As compared with model group, the degree of lenses opacity and the maximal diameter of nuclear cataract plaques were significantly reduced in GSPE-treated groups. Moreover, we observed selenite treatment caused a significant decrease in the activities of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-PX) and anti-OH(-) ability, accompanied by a significant increase in the levels of MDA, NO, Ca(2+) as well as iNOS, and calpainII protein and mRNA expression. Administration of GSPE could dose-dependently preserve the activities of these antioxidative enzymes and anti-OH(-) ability, accompanied by a significant reduction in the levels of MDA, NO, Ca(2+) as well as iNOS, and calpainII protein and mRNA expression. These results suggested that GSPE markedly prevented selenite-induced cataract formation probably by suppressing the generation of lipid peroxidation and free radicals as well as the activation of iNOS, and calpainII in the lenses.

0.05),respectively and the cost-effectiveness ratios were 689 and 1 202 respectively.CONCLUSION:The treatment group was superior to as compared with the control group.

Inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channels are widely distributed in many tissues and play important roles in physiological processes such as maintaining K+ homeostasis, regulating cell excitability and insulin secretion. The activity of Kir channels is regulated by a number of modulators,such as K+, Mg2+, pH, ATP, GPCR, PIP2, PKA, PKC, AA (arachidonic acid), etc. Study of the regulating mechanisms of Kir channel is a key step in understanding the physiology and physiopathology of these channels. Because many extra molecular signals regulate Kir channels via PKC pathway, much effort has been made over the past decade to understand role of PKC in regulating Kir channels. This paper summarizes the molecular basis of PKC modulation of Kir channels and the recent progression on the area.

Systemic Sclerosis(SSc) is a fibrotic disease characterized by immunological abnormalities,vascular injury and increased accumulation of extracellular matrix.The etiology has not been fully elucidated yet,so we need to establish a suitable animal model for research.This review is to introduce murine model of bleomycin-induced SSc,and summarize research works on the pathogenesis and treatment of SSc based on this model.

Objective To establish a high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of naringin in Jinji Hubu Pill.Methods HPIC was performed on Kromasil C18 column(4.6 mm? 200 mm,5 ? m).The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water(18:82) with the flow rate of 1.0 mL? min-1,and the detective wavelength was at 283 nm.Results The linear range was 1.24～ 30.96 ? g/mL.The average recovery of naringin was 100.7 % with corresponding RSD=0.6%.Conclusion The method is simple,sensitive,and accurate,and can be used for the determination of naringin in Jinji Hubu Pill.