Animals ; Humans ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

Objective To discuss the effica of central venous catheter drainage in interventional treatment of abdominal surgical complications.Methods The clinical data of 72 cases of abdominal surgical diseases were retrospectively analyzed,the complications included 23 cases of ascites,19 cases of bile leakage,8 cases of pancreatic fistula,7 cases of pancreatic necrosis and 15 cases of abdominal abscess,they all underwent percutaneous central venous catheter drainage under the guidance of ultrasound or CT.Results Central venous catheter was placed in 72 cases successfully in one time,the cathetem were kept for 2 to 37 days,5 discharged cases with catheter underwent regular reexamination in the clinic.3 cases of ascites were replaced for catheter shedding; 17 cases for occlusion recieved catheter irrigation and guidewire dredging;2 cases of pancreatic necrosis and 1 case of peripancreatic abscess were cured by repeated puncture and replacement of large-bore catheter.2 cases of pancreatic necrosis,1 case of pancreatic fistula and 1 case of appendicitis underwent laparotomy finally; 1 case of postcholecystectomy bile leakage underwent endoscopic stent therapy; 1 cases of severe pancreatitis complicated with ARDS was treated in ICU.Conclusion Central venous catheter drainage guided by ultrasound or CT for treatment of abdominal surgical complications was not only safe but also effective,and is worthy of popularization and application.

Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; surgery ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Adult ; Autopsy ; Female ; Hair ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Thallium ; poisoning

Objective To seek a method to correct the bent cartilaginous vault.Methods This study included 18 patients (12 women,6 men,aged 18-45 years) suffering from the bent cartilaginous vault with the various degrees of nasal obstruction from January 2005 to December 2009.A open surgical approach was adopted to allow correction of the dorsal and caudal deviations of the nasal septum without weakening its structural support to the dorsum or nasal tip.The approach depended on full mobilization of deviated cartilage,removal of the deviated part of the quadrangular cartilage,followed by straightening of a caudal septal extension graft and its fixation in the corrected position.Rhinoplasty was performed to correct bent cartilaginous vault.Results A satisfactory result was gained in all clinical cases,except a septum still to remain light tilt (not affect the breathing function).Follwing-up for 3-24 months,all cases dorsum of nose was straighten and nasal septum situated mediately.All patients indicated cosmetic satisfaction of nasal dorsum and tip and improvement in nasal obstruction.No nasal deformity and septum tresis was found in all patients.Conclusions ()pen rhinoplasty is a helpful technique in the treatment of the bent cartilaginous vault.Septal surgery is necessary in the patients with cartilage framework,not only to improve breathing but also to achieve a straight,symmetrical and external nose as well.

Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics in patients with corpus callosum infarction.Methods The clinical data of 416 patients meetingthe diagnosis of cerebral infarction Were collected,in which,8 patients Were confirmed as corpus callosum infarction by MRI.Results Corpus callosum infarction accounted for 1.9% of all patients with cerebral infarction.CT scan did not show the corpus callosum infaretiom in 7 patients.The nonenhanced MRI revealed the lesions.The enhanced MRI revealed the lesion in another patient.The infarction foci were not only involved in the corpus callosum(knee,body or splenium),but also cornplicated with frontal lobe,occipital lobe and thalamus infractions.The clinical manifesta tions of the corpus callosum infarction were different due to the specific lesion sites.The simple infarction in the body of the corpus callosum mainly presented as contralateral paraparesis.atria,and left limb apra.xia;the infarction in the knee of the corpus callosum mainly presented as lower limb paralysis or contralateral paraparesis;the infarction in the splenium of the corpus callosum presented as limb paralysis and dizziness;the lacunar infarct in the corpus callosum had no obvious clinical manifestations.The patients who complicated with frontal lobe and thalamus infarction had behavioral and psychological syrnptonm,including mental retardation,language abnormalities.and incontinence.Conelusions Corpus callosum infarction is not common.MRI is the basis of diagaosis.The clinical manifestation is lack of specificity.and it is agsociated with the location of corpus callosum infarction and whether it comolicates with the infarction on other part.

Objective To investigate ultrasonographic features of primary and metastatic ovarian yolk sac tumors.Methods Ultrasonographic features of 19 primary lesions and 33 metastatic lesions in 35 patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results Primary tumors were sized (14.6±3.6)cm in maximum diameter,manifesting as cysti-solid masses.Solid components of primary tumors were mainly hypoechoic or isoechoic(16/19)with rich blood supplies.Thirty-three metastatic lesions were located in pelvoceliac cavity(26/33) and liver parenchyma(7/33),sized (9.4±4.5)cm,(9.2±4.9)cm and (5.6±1.6)cm in maximum diameter respectively.Metastatic lesions in pelvoceliac lesions mainly demonstrated as hypoechoic masses(21/26), however lesions in the liver were mainly hyperechoic(5/7).Anechoic regions could be found in 9/26 of the pelvoceliac lesions.Blood supply was found less rich in metastatic masses than that in primary ones.Elevated serum level of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was observed in all patients; ranging from 217 to 211 682 μg/L.Conclusions Primary and metastatic lesions of ovarian yolk sac tumor have obvious ultrasonographic characteristics.Combined with serum AFP level,the accuracy of diagnosis could be improved.

Background Laser assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) is one of surgical procedures for refractive correction.Dilute alcohol that is used for the removal of epithelium during LASEK induces the apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells.Researches showed that thymosin β4 (Tβ4) can arrest apoptosis, but whether Tβ4 plays inhibitory effect on ethanol-induced damage of corneal epithelial cells is still unelucidated.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Tβ4 on ethanol-induced rabbit corneal epithelial cell damage in vitro.Methods The corneal tissue of deendothelium was obtained from 10 New Zealand white rabbits.Corneal epithelial cells were cultured in vitro by using explant culture method.Cultured cells were identified by detecting the expression of keratin 12 and connexin 43 with reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR).The cells of second generation were collected and divided into 4 groups.The cells were regularly cultured in the normal control group, and Tβ4 was added in the culture medium at the final concentration of 1 μg/ml in the Tβ4 treated group.Ethanol-induced rabbit corneal epithelial cell damage models were established by adding PBS containing 20％ alcohol in medium for 20 seconds in the model group,and Tβ4 was added in the medium of model cells at the final concentration of 1 μg/ml in the model+Tβ4 group.The survival rate of the cells was detected by MTT assay, and the apoptosis rate of the cells was examined by TUNEL method.The relative expression levels of cyclin D1 mRNA and cyclin-depensent protein kanase 4 (CDK4) mRNA in the cells were detected by real-time flurescenee quantitative PCR.The content of bcl-2 protein in the cells was detected by ELISA assay.Spectrophotometry was employed to measure the activity of caspase-3.The study complied with the Regulation for the Adminstration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The mean cell survival rate was (52.1 ± 14.07) ％ in the model group,which was significantly reduced in comparison with 100％ of the normal control group and (77.7± 19.60) ％ of the model+Tβ4 group (P=0.001 ,P=0.035).TUNEL staining revealed more positive cells in the model group and the model+Tβ4 group,and the percentage of TUNEL positive cells was (30.0±6.7)％ in the model+Tβ4 group, showing an evident decline in comparison with (42.4±4.0)％ of the model group (P=0.01).The relative expression levels of cyclin D1 mRNA and CDK4 mRNA were 0.93±0.17 and 0.88±0.09 in the model+Tβ4 group, which were significantly higher than 0.68±0.05 and 0.54±0.07 in the model group (P=0.027,0.002).ELISA assay exhibited that bcl-2 content in the cells was considerably lower,and caspase-3 activity was significantly higher in the model group than those in the model+Tβ4 group (P =0.030,0.021).Conclusions Tβ4 plays a protective effect on rabbit corneal epithelial cells from apoptosis by lowing the caspase 3 activity and increasing bcl-2 content in ethanoldamaged rabbit corneal epithelial cells.In addition, Tβ4 promotes the regrowth of corneal epithelial cells by upregulating the expression of cyclin D1 and CDK4.

Objective To explore the risk factors and metastasis of non-sentinel lymph node (NSLN) in breast cancer patients with sentinel lymph node metastasis≤2. Methods 88 cases of breast cancer with sentinel lymph node metastasis≤2 were retrospectively analyzed. Factors influencing the status of NSLN were studied. Results 8 cases (9.09%) had NSLN metastasis. Variance analysis showed that tumor stage(P=0.014), histolog-ical grade(P=0.014) and ER statuts(P=0.009) were correlated with NSLN metastasis. Logistic analysis showed that only histological grade was the independent predictor for NSLN metastasis (P=0.016,OR=1.150,95%CI=0.598~7.740).18 cases had micro-metastasis of sentinel lymph node and 70 cases had macro-metastasis of sentinel lymph node. The ratio of false negative SLN was 10.23%. The mean follow-up time was 11 months. There was no case of recurrence, metastasis or death. Conclusions The metastasis rate of NSLN is relatively low in breast cancer patients with small number of positive SLNs. NSLN metastasis is related to tumor stage, histological grade, and ER expression.