Objective To explore the application value of non coherent diffusion weighted imaging(IVIM) model in magnetic resonance body element for differentiating benign and malignant breast cancer.Methods Compar-ison of dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE -MRI)was conducted in 60 patients with breast occupying lesions,all patients were not treated with biopsy or needle biopsy before MRI scan.The lesions were obtained by oper-ation or biopsy after MRI scan,confirmed by pathology,39 benign lesions(benign group),28 malignant lesions(malig-nant group).IVIM-DWI parameters of two lesions group(D value,D* value and F value)were compared,analyzed IVIMDWI model parameters(D value,D* value and F value)diagnostic efficiency of diagnosis of benign and malig-nant breast lesions.Results Compared with two lesions groups,in the IVIM DWI model parameters,the D value of the malignant group was (0.95 ±0.19)×10 -3 s/mm2 ,which was significantly lower than (1.33 ±0.25)×10 -3 s/mm2 of the benign group (t =3.89,P <0.05),the F value of the malignant group was (8.97 ±2.01)%,which was significantly higher than (7.01 ±2.13)% of the benign group (t =3.93,P <0.05),there was no significant differ-ence in D* values between the two groups (P >0.05).IVIM DWI model in differential diagnosis of breast lesions had high diagnostic efficiency.Conclusion IVIMDWI model in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast cancer is highly effective,and it has high clinical value.

Objective To establish a protein preparation process for growth differentiation factor 5(GDF5),and explore its role in cartilage injury through in vivo and in vitro experiments.Methods The gdf5 gene was ligated with the pCZN1 vector to construct the recombinant plasmid pCZN1-hGDF5,which was then transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) pLysS host bacteria.Single colonies were picked to screen for high-expression strains.The strains were induced by IPTG,and the protein expression form was detected by SDS-PAGE.A method for inclusion body washing,denaturation and dilution renaturation was established,and the protein was purified by Ni affinity column chromatography and DEAE ion exchange column chromatography.ATDC5 cells were used as the detection cell line,and the biological activity of rhGDF5 protein in promoting proliferation was determined by MTT method.A model of cell injury induced by interleukin-1β(IL-1β) was established.The expression of cartilage-related genes and proteins was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot,and the effect of rhGDF5protein on chondrocyte differentiation was analyzed by Alcian blue staining and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity determination.Poloxamer 407(P407) and 188(P188) thermo sensitive gels were prepared by cold dissolution method,and detected for their rheological properties by a rheometer.A male C57BL/6J mouse model of osteoarthritis(OA) induced by destabilization of medial meniscus(DMM) was established.The mice were administered by intra-articular injection once a week for four consecutive weeks.The mice were sacrificed and their knee joint tissues were collected.After decalcification,paraffin embedding and sectioning,they were stained with safranin O and fast green and detected by immunohistochemistry,and the OARSI score was determined.Results The results of double enzyme digestion(Nco Ⅰ/BamH Ⅰ) showed that the recombinant plasmid pCZN1-hGDF5 was correctly constructed.The protein expression level of the selected rhGDF5 high-expression strain accounted for 35% of the total protein.The expressed protein mainly existed in the form of inclusion bodies.After refolding and column chromatography,an rhGDF5 homodimer protein with a relative molecular mass of approximately 25 000and an electrophoretic purity of over 95% was obtained.The rhGDF5 protein exhibited a good proliferation-promoting effect on ATDC5 cells within the dose range of 25 to 800 ng/mL,and no cytotoxicity was observed at high doses.The rhGDF5protein could effectively promote the increase in chondrocyte number and proteoglycan secretion,and significantly inhibit the expression of ALP in ATDC5 cells.The results of RT-qPCR and Western blot demonstrated that compared with the IL-1βgroup,the administration of rhGDF5 protein could effectively reverse the inhibition of collagen type 2(COL-2) and SRY-box transcription factor 9(SOX9)(COL-2:t=4.899 and 9.799,respectively,each P <0.05;SOX9:t=4.950 and 10.73,respectively,each P <0.05),and significantly inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13(MMP13)(t=6.500 and23.51,respectively,each P <0.05).The poloxamer thermosensitive hydrogel containing 22% P407 and 5% P188 with rhGDF5 protein prepared by cold dissolution method showed the gelation temperature of(30.06±0.16)℃ and the gelation time of 92.67 s.The results of the DMM mouse OA model experiment showed that compared with the control group(0 ng/mL),the injection of rhGDF5 protein-loaded thermo sensitive hydrogel into the joint cavity effectively repaired the damaged joint,with the high-dose group having the best repair effect,with an OARSI score of 1.The medium-dose group had an OARSI score of 1.67,while the low-dose group had no significant effect,with an OARSI score of 5.33.The immunohistochemical results also showed that compared with the control group,the treatment with rhGDF5 protein increased the distribution of COL-2.Conclusion A simple and efficient preparation process for protein renaturation,dimerization promotion and purification of rhGDF5 inclusion body was established,and its effective effect on cartilage was proved through in vivo and in vitro experiments,which provides technical support for further development of OA treatment products.

Objective To investigate the effect of pioglitazone on oxazolone-induced colitis and to clarify the mechanism of apoptosis by Fas/Fas ligand(FasL). Methods Eighteen BALb/c mice of ulcerative colitis induced by oxazolone enema were equally allocated into 3 groups. The mice in group 1 were sacrificed 3 days after enema,lamina propria mononuclear cells(LPMC) were isolated from freshly obtained colonic specimens and treated in vitro with pioglitazone (40 ?mol/L),the annexin-V-FITC was used for detection of apoptosis,and Fas/FasL expression was assayed by flow cytometry. Meanwhile,untreated mice were served as normal controls. Mice in group 2 (control group) and 3 (experiment group) were treated with methylcellulose or pioglitazone(20 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ) 3 days after enema and were administrated for consecutive 7 days. The colonic inflammation including disease activity index (DAI),macroscopic and histological changes,myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity and levels of interleukin (IL)-4,IL-5 were evaluated. Results Apoptosis of LPMC,expression of Fas and FasL in normal and colitis mucosa were 12.89?1.23,70.63?6.24,8.59?5.47 and 4.25?0.84,62.60?5.85,23.75?10.23,respectively. After treated with pioglitazone,both apoptosis of LPMC and expression of Fas increased,while FasL expression decreased (40.58?10.32,83.98?11.38 and 10.04?5.21 respectively). In group 2 and group 3,the macroscopic and microscopic score,MPO activity,IL-4 and IL-5 level were 2.50?0.55,8.83?0.75, 3.81?0.17,216.46?34.32,102.28?25.74 and 0.33 ?0.52,4.00?0.63,1.25?0.16,179.36?18.15,61.65?17.45,respectively. Conclusion The results indicate that pioglitazone treatment can significantly attenuate colonic inflammation,and it might be related to the apoptosis of LPMC through Fas and FasL.

Spindle cell carcinoma of the breast (SpCC) is a very rare variant of breast cancer characterized as large tumor size,high histological grade and high negative expression of hormone receptors and HER2/neu protein.It has a high tendency for local recurrence and distant metastasis,while the axillary lymph node metastasis is less common occured,which leads to poor outcomes.Given the relatively low incidence,our knowledge about SpCC is limited.The main unsolved obstacles are the early dection and diagnosis,and the improvement in treatments.Herein,this article reviewed the clinicopathologic characteristic,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of the spindle cell carcinoma of breast.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Jiaji point needling for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GRD) with liver-stomach stagnated heat type. Methods Sixty GRD patients were randomly divided into Jiaji point group and conventional point group, 30 cases in each group. Jiaji point group was given needling on bilateral T5 to T10 Jiaji points, and conventional point group was given acupuncture mainly on Zusanli, Zhongwan and Neiguan points, once a day for 10 continuous days. Before and after treatment, the scores of clinical symptoms and gastroscopy results were observed, and then the therapeutic effect and recurrence rate of GRD were evaluated. Results (1) The total effective rate of Jiaji point group was 86.7％, and that of the conventional point group was 83.3％, the difference being insignificant (P > 0.05). (2) After treatment, the scores of clinical symptoms of the two groups were decreased (P < 0.01 compared with those before treatment), and the decrease in Jiaji point group was superior to that in the conventional point group (P < 0.05). (3) After treatment, the mean R value of gastroscopy results in the two groups was lower than that before treatment (P <0.01) , but the difference of the mean R value of gastroscopy results in the two groups was insignificant (P >0.05). (4) After treatment for 2 months, the recurrence rate of Jiaji point group was 23.5％ and that of the conventional point group was 42.9％, the difference being insignificant between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusion The short-term effect of Jiaji point needling for the treatment of GRD with liver-stomach stagnated heat type is superior to that of conventional point needling.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of P-SAPK/JNK and neuronal apoptosis in the striatum during permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in rats.Methods Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group and pMCAO 1-,3-,6-,12-,and 24-hour groups (n =9 in each group).Apoptotic neurons in the striatum during cerebral ischemia were detected by TUNEL assay,the nuclear translocation of P-SAPK/JNK in the striatum by immunohistochemical staining expressions of P-SAPK/JNK protein by Western blot.Results The numbers TUNEL- and P-SAPK/JNK-positive cells in the striatum at 1 hour after pMCAO increased significantly (P =0.000 1),and reached the peak at 6 hours.The numbers of TUNEL-positive cells decreased at 12 hours,however,it still higher than the sham operation group (P =0.000 2).Western blot analysis showed that the expression of P-SAPK/JNK after pMCAO increased significantly,and the time-course change was in accord with the result of immunohistochemical staining Neuronal apoptosis in the striatum was significantly positively correlated with the expression of P-SAPK/ JNK (r =0.984,P =0.000 4).Conclusions Cerebral ischemia may induce neuronal apoptosis in the striatum through the activation of P-SAPK/JNK.

Objective: To explore the clinical effcacy and short-term survival rate of partial cardiac auto-transplantation for treating the patients with giant left atrium.
Methods: A total of 7 patients with rheumatic heart disease received partial cardiac auto-transplantation in our hospital from 2012-08 to 2013-05 were retrospectively studied. The patients were at the age of (54.9±5.0) years including 3 male, all of them combined with giant left atrium and pre-operative atrial ifbrillation (AF), 6 of them received radio-frequency ablation. All patients were monitored for their baseline condition, operative status, peri-operative mortality and complication occurrence for clinical analysis.
Results: All 7 patients received mitral valve replacement, 5 had aortic valve replacement and 2 had aortic valve-plasty, the mean aortic cross clamp time was (271.7±29.0) min. The average left atrial diameter decreased from (91.7±3.5) mm to (64.8±8.1) mm, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improved from (38.3±6.5) % to (47.4±6.1) % at discharge, allP<0.05; 4 patients recovered to sinus rhythm and no peri-operative death occurred. The patients were followed-up for (20.7±3.9) months, 1 year post-operational survival rate was 100%, 1 patient died at 17 months after operation and the average left atrial diameter was (56.3±3.4) mm in rest 6 patients at the last examination during follow-up period.
Conclusion: Partial cardiac auto-transplantation may obviously reduce left atrial diameter with good clinical effect in certain patients with giant left atrium.

0.05).While compared with the control,the permeation enhancement effects of 5% concentration of Lecithin,Oleic acid,Menthol,Limonene,and Azone were 1.37,2.25,3.71,6.75,and 10.15 times,respectively.CONCLUSION: Compared with Simomenine Hydrochloride,Simomenine free base had excellent transdermal characteristics,and was more suitable for the development of new transdermal preparation.

The Six Meridians inTreatise on Exogenous Febrile Diseases were once thought the same with the six meridians ofThe Inner Canon of Huangdi. With this theory was overthrown, similarities and differences and the correlation between them have gradually been studied. In this paper, we take the Taiyang Median as an example to explain the similarities and differences from two aspects, including clinical symptoms and the understanding of the same disease with different treatment.