The authors report two races of Arachnoid cysts located at the septum Lucidum. The presenting signs are those of Intracranial hypertension with cephalalgia and disc edema of the retina. The diagnosis can only be made by CT scanner with a cyst having the same density as the ventricular cerebro spinal fluid, and located at the “septum lucidum” between the lateral ventricles-surgery by transcallosal approach is indicated when appears the intracranial hypertension syndrome.
Arachnoid cysts ; diagnosis

The cerebrovacular malformation mainly comprised arteriovenous fistula and cerebral aneurysm and usually occurred clinically stroke due to the bleeding, vascular rupture or aneurysm rupture. There were numerous patients with cerebrovascular malformation that undiagnosed because of no bleeding or unhospitalization. It was remain controversial problem that it should where be early operated or not to prevent from vasoconstriction.
Cerebrovascular Accident ; therapeutics

More than 300 patients with palmar hyperhydrosis had been treated by classical upper thoracic sympathectomy at the Department of Neurosurgery in Viet Duc hospital. From 5/1977 to 1/1999, 600 patients were treated by a new technique: a bilateral percutaneous injection of boiling saline into the paravertebral areas containing the upper sympathetic ganglia. An objective reliable criterion of the success of the procedure is arterial criterion of the success of the procedure is arterial vasodilatation in the upper limb, evidenced by pre and postoperative DOPPLER effects and accompanied by dryness of the hands. Good results were obtained in 71% of the patients, bad results in 18% and relapse in 11%. Two major complications were Horner’s syndrome and compensatory hyperhydrosis. The results show that non-surgical sympathectomy has nearly the same results than that of open sympathectomy, with the advantages of greater simplicity and lower cost.
Ganglia, Sympathetic ; Sympathectomy

Objective: The purpose of this survey was to estimate the prevalence of viral load (VL) suppression and emergence of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) among individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 36 months or longer in Viet Nam using a nationally representative sampling method. Methods: The survey was conducted between May and August 2014 using a two-stage cluster design. Sixteen ART clinics were selected using probability proportional to proxy size sampling, and patients receiving ART for at least 36 months were consecutively enrolled. Epidemiological information and blood specimens were collected for HIV-1 VL and HIVDR testing; HIVDR was defined by the Stanford University HIVDR algorithm. Results: Overall, 365 eligible individuals were recruited with a mean age of 38.2 years; 68.4% were men. The mean time on ART was 75.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 69.0–81.9 months), and 93.7% of the patients were receiving non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens. Of the 365 individuals, 345 (94.7%, 95% CI: 64.1–99.4%) had VL below 1000 copies/mL and 19 (4.6%, 95% CI: 2.8-–7.5) had HIVDR mutations. Discussion Our nationally representative survey found a high level of VL suppression and a low prevalence of HIVDR among individuals who received ART for at least 36 months in Viet Nam. Continued surveillance for HIVDR is important for evaluating and improving HIV programs.