Objective To investigate the estrogen receptor expression character on neurons and glial cells of rat at different ages. Methods Brain sections from normal and injured rats of different ages were chosen to observe the ER immunohistochemistry reaction in cerebrum. Results To compare with normal young rat group,the neurons in hippocampus dentate gyrus of normal aged rat group expressed much less estrogen receptors.There were many ER-positive glial cells appearing in hippocampus of brain injured was rat group,and the positive strain of young injured was much stronger than that of aged rat group.Conclusion The decrease of ER on neurons in dentate gyrus makes the aged more apt to neurodegeneration.The young rats may better utilize the neuroprotection of estrogen against injuries by increasing the amount of ER on glial cells.

Humans ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

Objective To summarize the nursing experience for three cases of above 1-month-oldinfants with total transposition of the great artery after Switch operation.Methods The vital signs of the infants were monitored,including the respiratory system,circulation system,temperature,urine quantity,feeding and delayed sternal closure.Appropriate measures were adopted to cope with changes in the above mentioned aspects.Results All the 3 infants were cured with good nursing effect.Conclusion Switch operation was a complicated operation.The 3 infants missed the-optimum operation time and left great difficulty for nursing.Close monitoring and delicate nursing proved to be the pivotal process to ensure the successful curement.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of the craniocerebral magnetic resonance angiography(MRA) in adult moyamoya disease.Methods 20 adult patients with Moyamoya disease were examined by DSA,MRI and MRA.Results DSA showed that the ending of internal carotid artery system were stenosis or occlution,and the fog-like blood vessel networks at base of skull were observed in the 20 patients.By MRI,the cerebral ischemical changes were found in 11 cases,intracerebral hamrrahge was found in 9 cases.MRA showed that cerebral artery were stenosis or obstruction in all of the 20 patients,16 cases(80%) with the fog-like blood vessel net in the thalamus-basal ganglia region.The detectable rate of abnormal cerebral basal vascular network was no statistical difference between DSA and MRA.Conclusions MRA can provide more information of cerebral artery straitness or obstruction and fog-like blood vessel net in the adult patients with Moyamoya disease,and without hammerless.MRA has a very importent value of diagnosis in the adult moyamoya disease.

Objective To explore the clinical manifestations of toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN) and its rare pulmonary complications.Methods Clinical symptoms,treatment and prognosis of 1 child with TEN caused by carbamazepine were analyzed.Radiological images were reviewed to evaluate the manifestations and the outcome of chronic pulmonary complications associated with TEN.Results The patient had high fever shortly after a dosage increment of carbamazepine.A confluent erythematous exanthema developed rapidly into painful blistering with skin erosion,denudation and involvement of conjunctive and oropharyngeal mucosa.The diagnosis of TEN was made.The mucocutaneous damage was gradually recovered with steroid plus intravenous immunoglobulin for 3 weeks.However,the patient presented with respiratory failure in the recovery phase of TEN.The computer tomography revealed pulmonary bullae and pneumothorax in the right lung.Lung parenchyma was squeezed and pulmonary bullae ruptured with pneumothorax and atelectasis,which were absorbed gradually through thoracic drainages.The patient′s lung function and pulmonary bullae were partly improved during a 7-month follow-up.Conclusions TEN is a severe form of blistering skin di-sease which is characterized by an extensive loss of epidermis and mucous membrane.Chronic pulmonary complications may occur in recovery phase of TEN.Pulmonary bullae,which might be caused by mucous damage and respiratory obstruction,is a rare complication of TEN.

Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Neoplasms

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy

Objective To evaluate the blood-saving effect of combination of hemocoagulase artox for injection and tranexamic acid (TXA) in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).Methods Eighty ASA Ⅱ patients (NYHA Ⅰ or Ⅱ),aged 50-70 yr,weighing 50-100 kg,scheduled for elective OPCABG,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =20 each):control group (group C),hemocoagulase atrox for injection group (group H,n =20),TXA group (group T) and hemocoagulase atrox for injection + ·TXA group (group HT).Hemocoagulase atrox 0.04 U/kg (the highest dose 4 U) was injected at 20 min before skin incision,and additional hemocoagulase atrox 2 U was given every 2 h starting from 15 min after administration of protamine until the end of operation in group H.TXA 20 mg/kg was injected intravenously at skin incision,followed by a continuous infusion of TXA at 10 mg· kg-1 · h-1 until the end of operation in group T.Hemocoagulase atrox and TXA were given as the method described in groups H and T.Venous blood samples were taken from the central vein before operation,at the end of operation,and 24 h after operation to determine the plasma D-Dimer concentration.The amount of blood loss,allogeneic red blood cells and plasma infused during operation,volume of drainage during 0-6 and 6-24 h after operation,total volume of drainage and volume of allogeneic blood transfused during operation were recorded.The deep vein thrombosis was recorded.Results Compared with group C,the amount of blood loss during operation was significantly decreased in groups T and HT,and the allogeneic red blood cells and plasma infused during operation,and volume of drainage during 0-6 and 6-24 h after operation,and total volume of drainage were significantly decreased in groups H,T and HT (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with groups H and T,the allogeneic red blood cells and plasma infused during operation,and volume of drainage during 0-6 and 6-24 h after operation,and total volume of drainage were significantly decreased in group HT (P ＜ 0.05).No deep vein thrombosis was observed in the 4 groups.Conclusion The combination of hemocoagulase artox for injection and TXA provides better blood-saving effect than either alone for the patients undergoing OPCABG without increasing the risk for thrombosis.

Objective To explore clinical features and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) isolated from pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infection, and to provide evidence for clinical use of antibiotics. Methods A total of 6 358 clinical SP isolates from children with lower respiratory tract infection from January 2008 to December 2012 were col-lected and retrospectively analyzed. The antibiotic sensitivity was done by Kirby-Bauer method and E-test, and all results were in strict accordance with the rules of CLSI. Results The isolated SP strains were mainly from different departments of pediatrics. All clinical cases with SP infection mainly included pneumonia and bronchitis. The resistance rates of 6 358 SP strains to penicil-lin, cefotaxime, erythromycin, clindamycin, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, levolfoxacin, vancomycin were 5.0%, 12.9%, 98.7%, 96.0%, 92.2%, 7.3%, 5.6%, 0.2%and 0.0%respectively, and the resistance rate to penicillin and cefotaxime was signiifcantly different in every years (all P<0.05). The resistance rates of the 318 penicillin-resistant SP strains to the above anti-biotics were 100.0%, 42.6%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 99.2%, 23.6%, 6.8%, 0.6%, 0.0%respectively, and the resistance rate to penicillin and cefotaxime was signiifcantly different (P=0.001). Conclusions The antibiotic resistance rates of SP strains isolated from children with lower respiratory tract infection were higher to erythromycin, clindamycin, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline, and an increasing rate in drug resistance to cefotaxime was observed in recent years. Appropriate antibiotics should be selected for the treatment of infection according to drug sensitivity.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.007