The two pore domain K + Channel is a new superfamily of potassium channel subunits expressing the background potassium current on the cell membrane. Its functions are closely related with the physiological and pathological changes. This article reviews five groups of the two pore domain K + Channel on the gene and protein structure, current characteristics and pharmacological properties.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of morphine by supersound atomizer for the management of postoperative pain in gynecology and obstetrics patients.Methods Eighty ASA class III patients scheduled for elective mixed gynecology and obstetrics surgeries were randomly and single-blindly located into 4 groups.Patients in each group received different analgesia therapy 30 rain before the end of the surgeries,as inhaling morphine 15 nag in group MI,inhaling morphine 20 nag in group M2,inhaling normal saline 10 ml in group N and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in group PCA.Open-label rescue analgesia of intramuscular injection pethidine 50 mg or intravenous PCA was also available as needed.Pain scores were measured at baseline,15 min,30 min,1 h,2 h,3 h,4 h,6 h,8 h and 24 h after the extubation using visual analng score ( VAS ),vital signs,adverse events,and the uses of rescue analgesia were also recorded.Results The VAS of group M2 were significantly lower than that of group N and group M1.The VAS at 15 min,1 h,6 h,8 h,24 h of group M2 were significantly lower than that of group PCA(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜0.01 ).The VAS at 15 min,30 min,1 h,2 h,4 h,6 h of group M1 were significantly lower than that of group N (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ) postoperatively,which were significantly higher than that of group PCA except for 30 min.The morbidity of postoperative,nausea and vomiting in group M1 and group M2 were significantly higher than those in group N and group PCA.The rescue analgesia was more performed in group M 1 and group N than that in group M2 and group PCA.Conelusions Inhalation of morphine by supersound atomizer via intratracheal tube may produce safe and satisfying analgesic effect in postoperative pain model of gynecology and obstetrics patients.More studies are needed to determine what,if any,the optimum dose of morphine is for postoperative pain relieving and the possible mechanism.

In order to improve the clinical outcomes and promote the development of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS),a full-time specialized role of nurse navigator(NN) was established in Department of Surgery in February,2016. Clinical pathway for ERAS was designed,and role functions,core competencies and responsibilities of NN were formulated. According to the functions and the working frame,NN connected and coordinated teamwork activities,monitored the implementation of ERAS during the overall process. After implementation,the NN had dealt with 10 unusual incidents,the execution efficiency of the 14(82.4%) measurements were 100%,1 measurement was 97%,2 measurements were 94.1%,and 33 patients and 42 medical staff thought highly of the NN. This practice effectively promoted the development of ERAS team and specialist nurse role in our hospital.

Objective To explore the application of nutritional management leaded by nurses in hospitalized phthisical patients.Methods We set up a safe,effective nutritional management model by establishing united nutritional management group,making nutritional management system and process and organizing nutritional management knowledge training,and this model was carried out in 50 hospitalized phthisical patients.Results The total satisfaction rate for nutritional management was 97.56％.The screening risk rate for nutrition by nurses was 100％.Dietitians were asked to assess 22 cases for nutrition risk and 12 cases received nutritional support.The supporting rate was 54.55％,and the patients' condition was improved.Conclusion The application of the nutrition management leaded by nurses in hospitalized phthisical patients improved patients' nutritional condition,increased satisfaction of patients,enforced the screening function of nurses during the process of nutrition management and promoted the process of nursing expertise.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for safe application of antibiotic drugs in single or inter-medical institution ser-vices. METHODS:An antibiotic drug safety evaluation index system was established by reference to literatures. Medical records tracing method was adopted to obtain the medical records of children with respiratory infectious diseases under the medical consor-tium model. The medical records were matched and evaluated by experts to analysis the safety of antibiotic drug use in single medi-cal institution and the connection between two medical institutions with respect to the safety of antibiotic drug use. RESULTS:248 effective medical records had been obtained. Under the medical consortium model,the rate of the combination of antibiotic drugs in large hospitals was 86.29%,higher than the community hospitals of 77.02%(χ2=5.49,P<0.05). The error rate of antibiotic drug use by children in large hospitals was 14.52%,lower than the community hospitals of 25.81%(χ2=9.733,P<0.05). There were many contradictions in antibiotic drug use between the medical institution where children received treatment initially and the medi-cal institution which the children were referred to and hospitalized in. There were totally 128 cases of unsafe antibiotic drug use, with the overall incidence of 51.61%. CONCLUSIONS:Under the medical consortium model,the safety of antibiotic drug use by the hospitalized children in single medical institution is worrying,and the connection between two medical institutions with respect to the safety of antibiotic drug use by children who are referred and hospitalized is less reliable.

Bradycardia ; complications ; Carcinoma ; Carotid Sinus ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; complications ; secondary ; Humans ; Hypotension ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G

AIM To study the tissue distribution of strychnos nux vomica alkaloids in rats. METHODS Rats were given strychnos nux vomica alkaloids intravenously and strychnine(S), brucine(B), strychnine N oxide(SNO), brucine N oxide(BNO) in every tissue was determined by HPLC timely. RESULTS The concentration of S, B, SNO and BNO were high in brain and spinal marrow. CONCLUSION S, B, SNO and BNO all have the ability to permeate blood brain barrier.

Objective To explore the image quality and radiation dose for coronary angiography using DSCT (dual-source computed tomography) under lower tube voltage and lower contrast agent concentration ('double low').Methods A total of 160 patients with suspected coronary artery disease underwent dual-source CCTA.80 patients (BMI ＜ 25 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to group A (270 mg I/ml-80 kV) and B (350 mg I/ml-120 kV).The other 80 patients (25 ≤ BMI ＜30 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to group C (270 mg I/ml-100 kV) and D (350 mg I/ml-120 kV),sonogram affirmed iterative reconstruction technology and 270 mg I/ml contrast agent were applied to group A and C ; FBP technology and 350 mg I/ml contrast agent were applied to group B and D.Adaptive cardio-sequence prospective ECG-gated technology was applied in all patients,while the acquisition phase was 65％-75％ RR interval (when heart rate ＜ 75 beats / min) or 40％-50％ RR interval at when heart rate ≥ 75 beats/min.Volume CT dose index (CTDIvol),dose length product (DLP),effective dose (E),size specific dose estimates (SSDE),image noise,CT value,signal-to-noise ratio (SNR),and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR) were all evaluated for each patient.Results There was not statistical difference in scan length among groups A and B,C and D.There was statistical difference in tube current between group A and B (t =8.932,P ＜0.05).There was not statistical difference in tube current between group C and D (tCD =-1.212,P ＞ 0.05).There was statistical difference in CTDIvol,DLP,E and SSDE between group A and B,C and D (tCTDIvol =-16.141,-11.440 ; tDLP =-17.454,-10.521 ; t =-17.444,-10.523 ;tSSDE =-13.032,-9.119,P ＜0.05).Compared to group B,the SSDE in group A decreased by 64.4％.Compared to group D,the SSDE in group C decreased by 39.3％.There was no statistical difference in image noise between group A and B,C and D (P ＞ 0.05).There was statistical difference in CT value,SNR and CNR between group A and B (t =0.436,4.623,3.272,P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in CT value and CNR between group C and D,while there was statistical difference in SNR between group C and D (t =2.981,P ＜0.05).There was no statistical difference in image quality scores between group A and B,C and D (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with conventional DSCT coronary angiography,'double low' DSCT coronary scanning solution can significantly reduce the radiation dose and contrast agent,and could provide the effective coronary images which meet the clinical diagnostic needs.

Objective:To study the HPLC fingerprint of Xinan capsules from different manufacturers, and establish the chemical pattern recognition method by using principal component analysis and cluster analysis in order to provide reference for the quality con-trol of Xinan capsules. Methods:The HPLC chromatographic column was Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm);the mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid(A)-acetonitrile(B)– tetrahydrofuran(C) with gradient elution, the flow rate was 1.0 ml· min-1;the detection wavelength was 350 nm and the column temperature was 30 ℃. Totally 15 batches of samples were analyzed by the Evaluation System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity (2004A version) and SPSS 19. 0 statisti-cal software. Results:According to the results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis, 10 batches of Xinan capsules were screened out, and the fingerprint common pattern was established. Conclusion:The method is accurate and reliable, and can be used to control the quality of Xinan capsules.