Objective:To investigate the expression of transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1) in mandibular condylar chondrocytes after the condylar cartilage was stimulated by compressive stress.Methods:20 condylar cartilage samples were obtained from 10 new borne SD rats and cultured for 24 h.Then,10 samples were treated by a static compressive stress with a magnitude of 10 kPa for 1 h.Another 10 samples without stress treatment were used as the controls. At end of stress stimulation, the expression of TGF-?1 in the samples of both groups was examined by immunohistochemistry and image pattern analysis.Results:The grayscale values of TGF-?1 in perichondrium lay of stress treated and control samples were 159.21?19.84 and 174.20?14.47(P

Objective To research the absorption mechanism of paeoniflorin across Caco-2 monolayer model. Methods Depending on the Caco-2 cell monolayers drug transport model to study the double transport mechanism of paeoniflorin. To explore the effect of paeoniflorin absorption by time and drug concentration, the drug concentration was determined through the use of HPLC instrument and the Papp was calcalatad. Results In the Caco-2 monolayer model, the transport of paeoniflorin form Apical (AP) to Basolateral (BL) is similar to the transport form BL to AP. Conclusion The main mechanism of the paeoniflorin intestinal absorption in the Caco-2 monolayer model is passive transference.

Objective To study the value of the preoperative detrusor contractility to the outcome assessment of prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods A total of 109 patients with BPH were analyzed.Their ages ranged from 62 to 83 years with a mean of 71 years.All patients underwent urodynamic study to confirm a diagnosis of BOO preoperatively.Further more, their BOO was not caused by nervous, endocrine or other diseases.Pateints were divided into two groups based on maximum detrusor contractility.Group Ⅰ (n =61, BPH with maximum detrusor contractility ≥ 40 cm H2O, 1cm H2O =0.098 kPa) underwent TURP or open surgery, respectively.Group Ⅱ (n =48, BPH with maximum detrusor contractility ≤ 20 cm H2O ) underwent TURP and suprapubic punctural cystostomy simultaneously,the bladder fistula was kept open continuously for at least two weeks postoperatively.The difference in outcome between the two grous was assessed by using urodynamic parameters including maximum detrusor contractility, Qmax and residual urine at one and three months postoperatively respectively.Student's t-test was used to compare the result for normally distributed data and Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test for skewed data in this study.Results There was significant difference in preoperative maximum contractility, Qmax between group Ⅰand groupⅡ (78.4 ±37.0 cm H2O) vs (19.2 ±5.4 cm H2O)(P＜0.01), (7.6±2.2 ml/s) vs (2.5 ± 1.1 ) ml/s (P ＜ 0.05) respectively.Although there was significant difference at one month postoperatively in Qmax (17.4 ±2.9)ml/s vs (12.5 ±2.0)ml/s (P＜0.05), no significant difference was found in Qmax between the two groups after three months ( 18.3 ±2.8 ml/s) vs ( 15.2 ± 1.8)ml/s (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The Qmax may improve and the impaired detrusor recovered gradually after the BOO was removed.Performing an operation on patients with BOO accompanied with detrusor underactivity may be useful to recover detrusor contractility.

Objective To investigate the value of MR imaging in distinguishing adenomas from malignant tumors in gallbladder. Methods Clinical data and MR imaging features of 40 lesions in 37 patients with gallbladder adenomas (GA)confirmed by pathology were collected and reviewed retrospectively.Results The univariate analysis demonstrated that age (P =0.044),size (P =0.001), ratio of high-intensity signals on T2 WI (P =0.013),lobular margin (P <0.000 1),and tumor shapes (P =0.001)were statistically significantly different between adenomas and the malignancy.The Logistic regression analysis showed that only two parameters were significantly different for the prediction of malignant tumors of gallbladder,including lobular margin (P=0.002)and size (P=0.046).Further analysis with ROC curve showed that a threshold value of lesion diameter to distinguish the benign and malignancy could be at 1.59 cm. Conclusion Both lobular margin of GA and maximal diameter are independent factors in predicting the nature of GA,and the former exhibits more significant.Low ratio of high signal intensity in T2 WI and type circular shape are the contradictory factor for predic-ting adenocarcinoma of gallbladder.MRI is useful in the identification of patients with GA and gallbladder carcinoma developed from GA.

Objective To investigate clinical and pathological features of chronic hepatitis B ( CHB) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods The clinical and pathological data of 70cases of CHB and 68 cases of CHB with NAFLD and 42cases of NAFLD were analyzed and compared .Results In this patients with CHB overlapped NAFLD , plasma ALT,AST,GGT con-centrations were higher than that in CHB and NAFLD groups ( P <0.05 , P <0.01 ) , compared with CHB group ,the levels of serum TC,TG,FBS,INS and IRI on patients with CHB overlapped NAFLD were increased ( P <0.05, P <0.01), Compared to patients B groups, serum hepatitis B virus DNA titer in patients with steatosis was significantly lower ( P <0.05) and reduced sharply with the increasea degree of hepatic steatosis ( P <0.05 ) .hepatic inflammation grade and fibrosis stage between CHB patients with and with-out steatosis ( P >0.05 ) .Conclusions The reverse association of hepatitis B virus titer with the degree of hepatic steatosis needs further investigation .Hepatic steatosis is associated with metabolic factors than virus factors .The existence of hepatic fatty degeneration dose not exacerbate liver inflammation or fibrosis .

Objective To investigate whether the splenic metastasis of B16 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice occur through the blood.Methods Cultured B16 melanoma cells were collected,adjusted into 1?10~7/ml and inoculated into the left armpit of C57BL/6 mice,200 ?l each.After 15 days,the mice were sac- rificed and metastasis was examined in various tissues and organs by HE stain.1.5 % Evan Blue(EB),2 ml/kg, was administered to normal C57BL/6 mice through the tail vein,and the region stained blue was compared with that of metastasis.Results All of 12 mice inoculated were burdened with melanoma.Splenic metastasis occurred in 9 of them,among which 3 were accompanied by lung metastasis,and all of 9 mice showed differ- ent degree of local lymph node metastasis.The dorsal 1/4 part of the positive spleen was stained black by the metastatic tumor cells.Under the microscope,distribution of the metastatic tumor cells in the spleen was scat- tered,their growth inhibited,and maturation accelerated.The region stained blue by EB also located at the dorsal 1/4 part of the spleen,which was almost the same as the positive part of metastasis.Conclusions Metastasis of B16 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 miee occurs earlier in the spleen than in other organs,and this metastasis is achieved most possibly through the blood.

Circulating DNA is defined as a kind of extracellular DNA that exists in plasma,cerebrospinal fluid and synovial fluid.The concentration of circulating DNA of cancer patients is significantly higher than that in healthy people.The genetic and epigenetic alterations of circulating cell-free nucleic acids are relevant to cancer development and progression,for example,gene mutation,DNA methylation and microsatellite instability and so on.The quantitative and qualitative detection of circulating DNA shows promising potential value in cancer screening,diagnosis,disease monitoring treatment and prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of the concentration of vancomycin in human serum. METHODS: Serum samples were centrifuged after serum protein was precipitated by 20% metaphosphoric acid. The separation was performed on Hypersil C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.012 5 mol?L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (10 ∶ 90) at flow rate of 0.8 mL?min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 236 nm and column temperature was set at 25 ℃. RESULTS: The average relative recovery rate of vancomycin in low, medium and high concentrations (2.5,30.8,150.4 mg?L-1) were 99.8%, 101.1% and 98.9% respectively. The inter-day and intra-day RSD were less than 2.5%(n=5). The limit detection of vancomycin in serum was 2.0 mg?L-1. The linear range was within 2.0～170.0 mg?L-1(r=0.999 8). CONCLUSION: The method is simple, accurate, and rapid for the monitoring and phamacokinetic studies of vancomycin in human serum.

In total, 106 patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) were divided into two groups based on their valsartan administration, and 53 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), resistin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after valsartan treatment. Plasma levels of resistin, IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP were all significantly increased in patients with MHD as compared to those in healthy controls (P＜0. 05). Among patients with MHD the plasma levels of resistin, IL-6 and hs-CRP in valsartan group were lower than those in non-valsartan group (P＜0. 05).

Connexin (Cx) is the main component of gap junction channels, which is essential for intercellular communication between adjacent cells.Cx plays an important role in regulation of the growth, differentiation and apoptosis of cells and is closely related to tumor formation and development.The expression of Cx appears to be different in different stages of tumor development, and the regulatory mechanism of Cx is also involved in many aspects.In this paper, recent advances in the studies on Cx are reviewed, including the relationship between Cx and development of tumor, the basic mechanism of Cx, as well as its applications in antitumor-drug screening and tumor therapy.