Electrocardiography ; Female ; Fetal Hypoxia ; complications ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; therapy ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Treatment Outcome

Based on the understanding of the present situations of bilingual teaching in clinical medical courses together with the analysis of the students' characteristics,the different methods in improving bilingual teaching were explored and the experience was discussed.The problems encountered in bilingual teaching were also discussed.

Objective To study and compare the protective effects of pmtease inhibitor and corticosteroid on endotoxin-indueed acute lung injury in order to guide the choice of appropriate drugs. Method Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided(random number) into four groups with 8 rabbits in each, namely normal controls(C) ; lipopolysaecharide(LPS) group(L) ; ulinastatin(UTI) group(U) and dexamcthasone(DEX) group (D) .Except group C, all rabbits were injected with a dose of LPS 600 μg/kg iv. Meanwhile the rabbits in group U,group D received UTI(100 000 μ/kg), DEX(5 mg/kg), respectively. The specimens were collected 4 hours later for detecting the levels of TNF-α and NO in serum, and blood gas analysis, histological manifestations, the lung wet/dry weight ratio, lung tissue MPO and SOD activity, lung tissue MDA. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (SNK- q test), and P < 0.05 was considered as significantly different. Results Compared with group C, the lungs of the rabbits in group L had inflammatory granulocyte infdtration, diffused alveolar septum thickening and hemorrhagic spots were observed in pathological examinations. The histological changes of group U and group D were much lessened than those in group L. As groups U and D were compared with group L, there were significant differences inmany biomarkers including lung wet/dry weight ratio[(5.02±0.11),(4.93±0.13) vs.(5.37 ±0.29)],lung tissue MPO activity[(0.51 ± 0.05),(0.54±0.07) vs.(0.82 ± 0.09)] and MDA[(0.82 ±0.05),(0.81 ±0.04) vs.(0.96±0.05)], NO[(296.2± 11.7),(291.7 ± 15.8) vs.(351.8±19.6)] and TNF-α[group D(2.021 ± 0.122) vs. group L(4.999 ± 0.139)],lung tissue SOD activity[(120.3 ± 6.1),(122.6±3.5) vs.(105.1 ± 8.5)] and blood gas analysis[pH(7.30±0.23),(7.30±0.17) vs.(7.22±0.45) and PaO_2( 101.9 ± 6.8).( 102.5 ± 4.7) vs.(80.3 ± 3.3)] ; but there were no differences of above mentioned biomarkers between group U and D( P > 0.05). And there were no significant differences in PaCO_2 betweeu group U and D and group L[(37.0 ± 3.3),(37.6 ± 3.0) vs.(34.8 ± 2.3)]( P > 0.05). Conclusions The protective effects of ulinastatin on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury is comparable to those of dexamethasone, thus the former may be a clinical substitute for the latter with less side effects.

The standard administration and the management of the teaching files have been built firstly in the teaching and research apartment of medicine.A variety of databases to achieve files informatics and a series of teaching resources have been reinforced for recent years.Informatics technology,curriculum construction and teaching methods have been conformed to take full advantage of the teaching files.

The department of Internal Medicine at our hospital has enhanced students' clinical skills training,strengthened the system of clinical teaching rounds,established an effective clinical practice teaching supervision mechanism,and established a scientific and effective clinical evaluation system for basic skills. These clinical teaching practice reforms have achieved satisfactory teaching results.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture at Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Danzhong on mammary estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expressions in rats with dimethylbenzanthracine (DMBA)-induced mammary cancer. Methods One hundred and twenty female SD rats aged 6-8 weeks were randomized into a model group of 60 rats and a blank group of 30 rats. The model group received an oral gavage of DMBA for model making. The blank group received an oral gavage of equal volume of sesame oil. At 15 weeks after model making, the model group of rats was randomized into treatment and control groups. The treatment group received acupuncture at Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Danzhong, and the control and blank groups, only the same grasp and release. After the completion of acupuncture treatment (twenty-seventh week), abdominal venous blood was taken and serum tumor markers were determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Tumor masses were counted and their shapes were recorded. The mass was taken and its height, maximum diameter and vertical diameter were measured using a 1 mm precision vernier caliper. Pathological changes in tumor tissues, and ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities were observed under an Olympus optical microscope.Results There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the average number and volume of mammary tumors between the treatment group and the control or blank group (P<0.01,P<0.05) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the concentrations of various tumor markers (CA724, CA125, CA199, AEP, CA15-3, CEA and CA50) between the treatment or control group and the blank group (P<0.01,P<0.05) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in CA15-3 concentration between the treatment and control groups (P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities between the treatment group and the control or blank group (P<0.01) and between the control and blank groups (P<0.01).Conclusions Acupuncture can reduce the occurrence of rat DMBA-induced mammary tumor (including the number and volumes of the tumors). The mechanism of its action may be related to decreasing the concentrations of tumor markers CA724, CA125, CA199, CA15-3, AEP, CEA and CA50 and especially to decreasing CA15-3 concentration, and ER and PR positive areas and mean optical densities.

Objective To evaluate the effect of chronic filariasis patients with lymphedema after comprehensive cared. Meth?ods A total of 386 chronic filariasis patients with lymphedema received the comprehensive care including soaking feet by TCM washing feet by single Chinese medicine or clear water preventing and eliminating invasive wound physical training raising the limb and wearing suitable shoes. The attack frequency of inflammation of lymphatic vessels the stage of lymphedema dis?ease and leg circumference were observed before and after the care. Results After the comprehensive care the attack rates of inflammation of lymphatic vessels decreased from 9.65%to 4.67% and there was a significant difference χ 2=7.34 P=0.006 7 . The proportion of the patients with high stage of lymphedema disease decreased significantly all P 0.01 and the average leg circumference decreased of 1.06 cm. The skin appearance improved significantly. Other signs such as pitting edema ulcer and skin folds also improved significantly all P 0.01 . Conclusion The comprehensive care for chronic filariasis patients with lymphedema has a remarkable effect and is worthy of further application.

Objective To explore the best vibration frequency for activating human muscles.Methods Nineteen healthy college students accepted vibration stimulation at frequencies between 10 and 50 Hz.Surface electromyograms (sEMG) were recorded.The subjects were sitting,standing,squatting (knee flexion 30°) and recumbent.Their left anterior tibial muscles and the medial heads of the gastrocnemius were targeted as test muscles.The vibration stimulation point was on the surface of the left distal tibia.The sEMG characteristics of the calf muscles were analyzed under vibration stimulation at different frequencies. ResultsThe leg muscles were activated significantly at all vibration frequencies,but the sEMG values of the anterior tibialis were significantly different at different frequencies,except for among 30 Hz,40 Hz and 50 Hz in any position.The gastrocnemius sEMG values were not significantly different at different frequencies. ConclusionVibration at 30 to 50Hz may be the normal human muscle activation frequency.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants who were discharged from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at 1 year of age and the impact factors contributing to the neurodevelopmental outcome and to study whether early intervention can improve the neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants.

METHODSEarly intervention guidance and follow-up visits were performed after the preterm infants discharged from NICU. The infants received the infant development test of Child Development Centre of China (CDCC) for neurological development at 1 year of age. The neurodevelopmental outcome was evaluated based on mental development index (MDI) and physical development index (PDI). MDI and PDI > 85 was defined as normal, MDI or PDI between 70 and 85 as critical and MDI or PDI < 70 as abnormal. Social-domestic and clinical factors related to neurological development were analyzed by ANOVA or chi-square test. Potential high risk factors were analyzed with logistic regression. To investigate the effects of intervention compliance on neurological development, the infants were classified into two groups according to different intervention compliances. The good compliance group included infants who received a through familial intervention for more than 4 days weekly (30 minutes daily) and consulted with physicians more than 5 times in 1 year. The infants who did not receive the interventions as the good compliance group served as the bad compliance group.

RESULTSThis study consisted of 210 infants, with a mean gestational age of 33.2 +/- 2.6 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1923.3 +/- 558.8 g. Normal, critical and abnormal neurological development occurred in 123 cases (58.6%), 61 cases (29.0%) and 26 cases (12.4%) respectively. Eighteen infants (8.6%) had mental lag and 9 (4.3%) had cerebral palsy (CP). The MDI and PDI scores of the good compliance group (111 cases) were 97.15 +/- 17.38 and 94.23 +/- 18.55 respectively, which were markedly higher than those of the bad compliance group (89.87 +/-18.92 and 87.20 +/-19.12; P < 0.05). The incidence of CP (3/111, 2.7%) in the good compliance group was lower than that of the bad compliance group (5/99, 6.1%) although there were no statistical differences. Parents' education level, multiple birth, serious intracranial hemorrhage and apnea were risk factors for adverse neurodevelopmental outcome.

CONCLUSIONSPreterm infants discharged from NICU are a high risk group of neurodevelopmental disablement. Early intervention can improve the neurodevelopmental outcome of perterm infants at high risk.

Child Development ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Logistic Models ; Nervous System ; growth & development ; Patient Compliance ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUNDTo evaluate the diagnostic value of flow cytometric DNA analysis of sputum cells in lung cancer patients.

METHODSThe DNA content of sputum cells was determined by flow cytometry in 44 patients (29 patients with lung cancer, and 15 patients with benign pulmonary disease). The results of DNA content of sputum cells were compared with those of cytologic morphology of sputum cells.

RESULTSThe last pathologic diagnosis was used as a diagnostic criterion, the sensitivity of DNA heteroploidy analysis was 82.8% , which was significantly higher than that of sputum cytology (82.8% vs 27.6%, P < 0.005); and the positive rate of heteroploidy in sputum samples in stage III and IV disease was significantly higher than that in stage I and II disease (87.5% to 76.9%, P < 0.002 5). In one case, the heteroploidy was found 10 months in advance of cytometry. In the control, heteroploidy was detected in 33.3% (2/6) patients with inflammatory pseudotumor and 50.0% (2/4) patients with tuberculous nodule, who were found with positive staining of Ki67 and PCNA.

CONCLUSIONSFlow cytometry seems to be a valuable adjunctive method for the diagnosis of lung cancer, and probably for the early diagnosis.There are clonal changes in some inflammatory pseudotumor and tuberculous nodule.