This paper explains the status of science and technology of traditional Chinese medicine in China. Basic conclusions are as follows: policy environment is improved step by step, R&D funds and R&D personnel in traditional Chinese medicine field are increased continuously, and a lot of achievements have been got in traditional Chinese medicine field.
Academies and Institutes ; economics ; statistics & numerical data ; Biomedical Research ; economics ; manpower ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To explore the value and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy.Methods From August 2002 to December 2007,a total of 401 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy were performed in our hospital.Among the cases,nonfunctioning adenoma was diagnosed in 151 patients;hyperaldosteronism was detected in 139,Cushing’s syndrome in 37,pheochromocytoma in 19,myelolipoma in 13,and other diseases were found in 42.Results Among the cases,5 were converted to open surgery because of difficulties in the operation due to a huge tumor(1),extensive adhesion between the tumor and the inferior vena cava(2),or massive bleeding(2).The other 396 cases of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy were completed successfully with a mean operation time of 105 minutes(30 to 270 minutes),and a median blood loss of 45 ml(20 to 1000 ml).Two of these patients had massive hemorrhage(1000 and 800 ml respectively),and received red blood cells transfusion(2 U) during the surgery.The rupture of the inferior vena cava or diaphragm occurred in two cases,and was repaired under a laparoscope.Follow-up was available for up to 1 to 64 months(mean 23.9) in 364 patients;none of them had long-term complications or recurrent benign tumors.Conclusions Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy should be used as the first choice for benign adrenal neoplasms,since the procedure is safe,effective,and minimally invasive,and the patients recovery quickly after the surgery.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of laparoscopic nephron-spring surgery for renal tumor.Methods From September 2004 to November 2006,29 patients with renal tumor underwent laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery without hilar clamping or with temporary hilar control in our hospital.The retroperitoneal approach was used in 25 patients with 4 trocars.During the operation,the renal artery was exposed and then the vessel bundles were pulled out of the abdominal cavity through one of the trocars,passing by the renal artery without clamping it.Afterwards,fatty cysts surrounding or on the surface of the tumor were resected.Tumor excision was then performed using ultrasonic shears.An incision was made at the point 0.5 cm away from the margin of the tumor,and was extended deeply to completely cut the tumor.Meanwhile,bleeding was controlled with bipolar diathermy.The renal artery was occluded when necessary so that the tumor could be cut within a limited time duration.And the occlusion could be re-opened after controlling the bleeding.After the procedure,the renal incision was compressed with gauze,sutured with 2-0 absorbable sutures,and covered with fibrin sealant.In the other 4 patients,trans-peritoneal approach was used.The ureter was exposed near the lower pole of the kidney and separated towards the renal hilum to find out the renal artery.The following steps were similar to the above mentioned. Results In all the patients,the procedures were done without conversion to open surgeries.In this series,20 operations were completed without clamping the renal artery;and in the other 9,the mean time of renal artery occlusion was 14 min(5-20 min).In our patients,the mean operation time was 165 min(105-240 min),and the mean blood loss was 90 ml(20-800 ml).Two of the patients received blood transfusion during the surgery.The mean postoperative hospital stay was 9 d(7-17 d).No complications,such as urine leakage,occurred after the operation.Eighteen patients were followed up for a mean of 9 months(1-26 month),no recurrence of tumor was found.Conclusion Laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery without hilar clamping or with contemporary hilar control is feasible and safe for patients with peripheral renal tumor not involving the renal collecting system.

Objective To report the initial experience and results of the laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) with ileal conduit. Methods Seven male patients with invasive bladder carcinoma confined to the organ underwent LRC with ileal conduit. The mean age was 61 years (range, 53 to 74 years). The procedure included radical cystectomy with prostatectomy. A 7 cm suprapubic incision was made to remove the organs. Ileal conduit was done routinely. Results Operating time was 7 to 10 hours (median 9.2), and blood loss was 200 to 400 ml (median 264). None of 7 patients needed blood transfusion. 2 to 10 months after surgery, intravenous urography showed no evidence of ureteral reflux or ureteral obstruction. Conclusions With the improvement in the surgical technique, laparoscopic radical cystectomy with small incision, resulting in rapid recovery, may become an alternative method for patients with localized bladder cancer with invasion to muscular layer.

Sorafenib is a molecular targeted drug for the treatment of advanced primary liver cancer.However,along with the occurrence of drug resistance,the therapeutic effect was effected.At present,there is clear evidence that the emergence of drug resistance of live cancer is closely related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition,liver cancer stem cells and the heterogeneity of liver cancer,and the PI3K/AKt signaling pathway as the vital common signaling channel was involved in the above mentioned process.From this we can conclude that complementary inhibtion of PI3K/AKt signaling pathway at the same time is the method that can strengthen the effect of sorafenib on the treatment of liver cancer so far.

Objective To explore the prevalence of ETS gene fusion in prostate cancer and its correlation with patient's clinicopathologic index.Methods Ninety-one samples from prostate needle biopsy cases with median age 75 (55-90) years and 18 samples from radical prostatectomy cases with median age 72 (63-81) years were collected from Oct.2010 to Feb.2012.TMPRSS2-ERG,TMPRSS2-ETV1 and TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions were tested by multi-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay.Fusion positive and negative cases were compared with age,TNM stage,Gleason score (median Gleason score 7 (6-9)),and PSA value (median PSA 33.4 μg/L,mcan PSA 118.8 μg/L).In needle biopsy cases,there were early stage 32 (34％),locally advanced prostate cancer 36 (40％),metastasis 23 (26％) ; in radical prostatectomy cases,there were 9 cases in T2 stage,8 cases in T3 stage,1 cases in T4a stage,respectively.Results TMPRSS2-ERG fusions were present in 14.3％ (13/91,95％ confidence interval,0.071-0.215)biopsy specimens and in 11.1％ (2/18,95％ confidence interval,0-0.256) radical prostatectomy specimens.No TMPRSS2-ETV1 or TMPRSS2-ETV4 fusions were found in any cases.Altogether,13 (86.7％)cases possessed deletion pattern.And 7 (46.6％) hold insertion pattern.5 cases had both deletion and insertion pattern.38.5％ (5/13) deletion pattern had distant metastasis.Except one metastatic case harbored both deletion and insertion pattern,there was no insertion pattern accompanied with metastasis.There were no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age (P =1.000),PSA (P =1.138),primary Gleason score (P=2.186),Gleason score (P=2.107),TNM stage (P=2.052) and Risk Degree (P=2.597).Conclusions The TMPRSS2-ERG fusion positive cases harbor more deletion pattern than insertion pattern.There are no differences between fusion positive and negative cases in the distribution of age,PSA,Gleason score,TNM stage and Risk Degree.

Cells, Cultured ; Coal ; toxicity ; Dust ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens ; toxicity ; Mutation ; drug effects ; Salmonella typhimurium ; drug effects ; genetics ; Sister Chromatid Exchange ; drug effects

Objective To evaluate a minimally invasive procedure for intertrochanteric fracture treatment in elderly patients. Methods Total 46 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture were treated with a minimally invasive procedure from September 2008 to February 2010. The fractures were fixed with multiple K-wires combined with skeletal traction through supracondyle of femur. All procedures were undertaken under local anesthesia. Results All the patients were followed up for 8.8-months in average, and 42 patients recovered with independent walking, and the good rates was 91.3%, without severe complications in this group. Conclusions Minimally invasive procedure including fixation with multiple K-wires combined with traction through femoral supracondyle, is a safe and effective treatment for intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients, avoiding high risks of intra-and post-operative complications.

Objective To investigate the effects of the HLA-Ⅰ and co-stimulators CD_(80)and CD_(86)on HT-29 cells surface, after heat killed Bifidobacterium and HT-29 cells were mingled culturing for 12 hours. Methods The HLA-Ⅰ and co-stimulators CD_(80)and CD_(86)on HT-29 cells surface were measured by Flow Cytometer. Results Heat killed Bifidobacterium can improve the expressions of HLA-1, CD_(80)and CD_(86)on HT-29 cells significantly, the livability of colon carcinoma cell was more than 90 %. Conclusion Heat killed Bifidobacterium have potential antitumorous features.

50 years).The values of ADC,FA,?_1,?_2 and ?_3 in putamen and globus pallidus were calculated after diffusion tensor scanning,and then analyzed the differences between the two tissues.The differences of ADC,FA,?_1,?_2 and ?_3 values among age groups were analyzed by using analysis of variance(ANOVA),and their relationship with age were accessed by using Pearson correlation.Results Between the correspondent age groups,the ADC value was higher in the putamen[(6.68?0.40)?10~(-4),(6.47?0.36)?10~(-4),(6.44?0.34)?10~(-4)mm~2/s]than that in the golbus pallidus[(6.13?0.50)?10~(-4),(6.05?0.33?10~(-4),(6.05?0.52)?10~(-4)mm~2/s],and the value of FA in the putamen(0.20?0.03,0.23?0.03,0.25?0.03)was lower than that in the globus pallidus(0.35?0.03,0.36?0.03,0.37?0.04).ANOVA analysis of the FA value among age groups revealed there were significant differences in the putamen(F=10.082,P=0.000),and the same analysis of eigenvalue ?_3 in the putamen also showed significant differences(F=5.675,P=0.005).The FA value in the putamen was significantly elevated with aging(r=0.555,P