Neck shoulder pain or lumbocrural pain caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) could seriously affect the qualities life of patients. Current treatments mainly focus on alleviating pain and the symptoms of nerve compression, which could not radically stop the process of intervertebral disc degeneration, but conversely lead to high recurrence rate. In recent years, scholars have turned to study the biological treatment for repair and rebuild the intervertebral disc by biological molecular therapy, gene therapy, cell therapy and tissue engineering to solve the problem of intervertebral disc degeneration, while most of the above methods are still in animal experiments or in vitro experiments and the clinical application is still a long way to go.
Animals ; Biological Therapy ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; metabolism ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy

[Objective]To evaluate the therapeutic effect of treating AO type C fracture of the distal radius with open reduction LCP plate internal fixation.[Method]From Jan.2004 to Jan.2007,37 cases of AO type C fractures of the distal radius were treated with LCP plate internal fixation.All cases were fixated through volar approach,the length of radius,waist joint angle were recovered,screwed the plate,the exposure of dorsal soft tissues could be obtained by internal-rotate radius,allo-bone graft,and aoto-bone graft was necessary for the case with bone defect.Passive wrist motion,active finger motion and forearm rotation were encouraged immediately after surgery.Active wrist motion was suggested seven days postoperatively.[Result]The 37 cases were followed up for 8 to 21 months,with an average time of 11 months.X-ray pictures showed that one-stage union was achieved in the patients,with a mean healing time of eight weeks.No such complications were found as infection,non-union,loosing of nails,carpal tunnel syndrome or medium neuritis.Their clinical outcomes were evaluated according to modified McBride grading system.Twenty-five were rated as being excellent,eight as good and four as fair,with their good-excellent rate as being 89.18%.[Conclusion]Treatment of type C distal radius fracture with LCP plate internal fixation has many advantages,such satisfactory reduction,rigid fixation,and excellent function.

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of breast carcinoma in elderly female patients and to offer the standard clinical diagnosis and treatment for breast carcinoma.Methods A total of 178 patients admitted to Breast Center of Beijing Hospital from January to December 2011 were enrolled in this retrospective study.Patients were divided into non-elderly group and elderly group.Clinical features,imaging diagnosis,operation patterns and pathological diagnosis were recorded.The data were analyzed by using SAS 9.1 software.Results The patients diagnosed as breast carcinomas in BI-RAD 4-5 categories by mammography were much more in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (82.1％ vs.63.0％,P＜0.05).The diagnostic accuracy rates of ultrasonography and mammography in the elderly group were comparable(P＞ 0.05),while in the non-elderly group,the diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasonography was higher than that of mammography (P＜0.05).The incidence of concurrent diseases was higher in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The patients undergoing breast resection operation were much more in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (14 cases vs.3 cases,P＜0.05).The pathological diagnosis analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the number of ER-positive cells and PR-positive cells,tumor size,histological grade,pathological stage between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The incidence of lymph node metastasis was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The percentage of Ki-67 positive cells was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The percentage of CerbB-2 strongly positive (+++) cells was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (5.1 ％ vs.24％,P＜0.05).The invasive ductal carcinoma was the major histological type of breast cancer in both two groups,but there were more mixed type and other type carcinomas in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Ultrasonograpy and mammography have better sensitivity for breast cancer in elderly female patients.The surgical protocols are often influenced because more concurrent diseases have occurred in the elderly.There are significant differences in some prognostic factors between the two groups,which may imply a better prognosis in elderly patients.

Objective To investigate outpatients' awareness of the essential medicine system and their intention to use it at county hospitals,analyze the problems in the implementation process and give suggestions.Methods Using questionnaires to survey randomly intercepted patients.Data so acquired were keyed in twice with Epidata 3.0 and SPSS 16.0 was used for analysis featuring descriptive statistics.Results Among the 1064 patients surveyed,only 159 (14.9％)have heard of essential medicines,and the top three ways of awareness were respectively from medical staff,television and Internet; patients pay most attention to drug efficacy in their daily life and the majority of them follow doctors' advices.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen promotions,formulate diversified publicity strategy,train doctors to guide patients to use essential medicines rationally.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the ability of high resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 3.0 tesla to depict the characterization of human carotid arterial vessel wall and detect atherosclerotic lesions ex vivo in comparison to histopathologic results. MethodsEighteen carotid arteries obtained from 9 elderly donors underwent fat-suppressed T1 - and T2-weighted MR imaging at 3.0 tesla MR system with a mouse coil. Corresponding histological sections were obtained for the comparison. Correlation between MR images and histopathologic slices was obtained by Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient.Cohen K was computed to quantify the agreement between MRI and histopathologic findings.Results Lumen area,intima and media area measured on fat-suppressed T2-weighted images showed stronger correlation with the corresponding histopathologic slices [ MRI vs.histopathology:( 27. 53 ± 6. 77 ) mm2 vs.( 25.83 ±6. 69 ) mm2, r2 ＝ 0. 91,P2 ＝ 0. 024, ( 12.31 ± 3. 31 ) mm2 vs.( 12. 28 ± 3.71 ) mm2, r2 ＝ 0. 70, P2 ＝ 0. 020,Median 12. 29 mm2(Min 1.12 mm2, Max 33.18 mm2) vs.Median 11.62 mm2(Min 0.89 mm2, Max 32. 84 mm2 ), r2 ＝ 0. 74, P2 ＝ 0. 016, respectively]. The Cohen K score between the MR imaging and American Heart Association classifications was 0. 74, which corresponds to a good agreement. Conclusions 3.0 T high-resolution multi-sequence MRI can clearly show the structure of ex vivo carotid artery wall and allow quantitative assessment.Fat-suppressed T2Wimaging has a greater advantagein presenting atherosclerotic lesions.

This paper was aim to determine five phenolic acids, sodium danshensu (SD), protocatechuic aldehyde (PA), rosmarinic acid (RA), lithospermic acid (LA) and salvianolic acid B (SAB), in Guanxinning injection. In the test, Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 µm) was adopted, with acetonitrile-3% formic acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 mL · min, the column temperature was 30 °C and the detection wavelength was 280 nm. According to the results of the test, SD, PA, RA, LA and SAB showed good linear relations between peak areas and sample sizes in 0.006 06-4.04 (r = 0.999 3), 0.006 15-4.10 (r = 0.999 4), 0.005 94-3.96 (r = 0.999 3), 0.006 06-4.04(r = 0.999 1) and 0.006 09-4.06 (r = 0.999 2) µg, respectively. The average recoveries (n = 6) were 98.9% (RSD 0.75%), 98.1% (RSD 1.2%), 100% (RSD 0.77%), 98.7% (RSD 1.7%), 102% (RSD 0.68%), respectively. The above 5 components were determined in 13 batches of samples by using the established method. The method was simple, accurate and highly reproducible that it could be used for quality control of the components in Guanxinning injection.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Hydroxybenzoates ; analysis

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common non-Hodgkin lymphomaaccounting for 30 %-40 %. The most common first-line therapy for DLBCL is rituximab in combination withchemotherapy. About two thirds of patients treated by the first-line therapy achieve a complete remission (CR)and are cured finally, but nearly one third of patients can not reach CR after frontline treatment appearingrefractory or relapse early, especially for the high risk patients or cases with MYC alterations, the regimenimproving the long-term survival is not much. In the 57th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annualmeeting, a plenty of treatment as focus on these patients brought in encouraging results, which makes itpossible to further improve the CR rate. The progresses on DLBCL of relapse and refractory, high risk andspecial types were summarized in this paper based on the reports in the 57th ASH annual meeting.

Objective To estimate the expression of ER and PR in the endometrium of both intrauterine adhesions (IUA) and non-IUA specimens. Methods The endometrium specimens from patients undergoing hysteroscopy for confirmed moderate IUA (n=20: 10 in proliferative phase, and 10 in secretory phase) were enrolled as the IUA group in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from October 2014 to August 2015. The specimens scheduled for hysteroscopy due to infertility were recruited into the control group (n=26: 13 in proliferative phase, and 13 in secretory phase). Immunohistochemistry and quantificational real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of ER-α, ER-β and PR in endometrium with different menstrual period in both groups. Results (1) Location: in both groups, the expression of ER-α, ER-β and PR appeared in the endometrial glandular epithelial cells and the stromal cells of the endometrium. The positive brown granules of ER-α, ER-β and PR appeared mainly in cell nucleus. (2) ER-α and ER-β in the endometrium:the protein expression of ER-α and ER-β in IUA group (proliferative phase: 0.657 ± 0.028, 0.493 ± 0.023; secretory phase: 0.537 ± 0.020, 0.365 ± 0.031) were significantly higher than those of control group (proliferative phase: 0.586 ± 0.025, 0.437 ± 0.022; secretory phase:0.459 ± 0.025, 0.323 ± 0.017;all P<0.01). And the ER-αand ER-βmRNA expressions in IUA group were 2.524 ± 0.296, 1.947 ± 0.339, higher than those of control group in the proliferative phase (all P<0.01), and in the secretory phase (1.977±0.333, 1.345±0.292) were also higher than those in the control group (all P<0.01). (3) PR in the endometrium: the protein expression of PR was not significantly different between IUA group (proliferative phase:0.248±0.025, secretory phase:0.194±0.024) and control group (proliferative phase: 0.234 ± 0.019, secretory phase: 0.186 ± 0.020; P=0.162, 0.359). Meanwhile, there were no statistical differences in the mRNA expression of PR in both groups with different menstrual period (proliferative phase: 1.144 ± 0.384 versus 0.981 ± 0.306, secretory phase: 0.763 ± 0.237 versus 0.631 ± 0.203; P=0.270, 0.166). (4) ER and PR expression in menstrual cycles: the expression of ER-α, ER-β and PR in the IUA group changed with the menstrual cycles, and their expression in the proliferative phase were higher than those in the secretory phase (all P<0.05). Conclusions The expression of ER-α and ER-β in the endometrium of IUA patients changes with menstrual cycle, and are higher compared with those in normal endometrium. No difference is found in the PR expression between the two groups.

BACKGROUND: Cervical spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) is a special type of spinal cord injury. Because of the particularity of children in the period of growth and development on the aspects of anatomy and biomechanics, their injured mechanism and therapeutic method differ from those of adults.OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical feature and therapy of first-episode cervical SCIWORA in children.DESIGN: Retrospective analysis and self pre-and post-control observation.SETTING: Department of Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital,Harbin Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 14 patients with cervical SCIWORA, who were treated at the Departmentof Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital,Harbin Medical University between June 1997 and June 2003. Inclusive criteria: ①patients who had dysfunction of sensation, exercise and sphincter to different degree in clinic, ②patients who had no fracture dislocation after cervical vertebra X-ray plain film and MRI examination. The MRI examination showed the sign of spinal cord injury. T1WI spinal cord became thick. T2WI distributed at strip-shape high-signal region along spinal prosenchyma and spread upward and downward. There were 3 patients with complete spinal cord injury and 11 patients with incomplete spinal cord injury, among the patients with incomplete injury, there were 6 patients with central cord syndrome (CCS), 3 with Brown-Sequard syndrome and 2withfrontal spinal cord injury syndrome.METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed in 14 children patients with cervical SCIWORA. Thirteen patients were not treated with operation and one patient was treated with cervical posterior atlantoaxial fusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ASIA grading before and after treatment in patients.RESULTS: There were 1 dead patient and 13 cases with 3-year follow up averagely. Three patients were with insignificant amelioration, and others had recovery of limb function to different degree. According to ASIA grading standard, before treatment there were 3 cases in A grade, 5 cases in B grade, 5 cases in C grade and 1 case in D grade, and after treatment there were 1 case recovering to B grade, 2 cases to C grade, 5 cases to D grade and 2 cases to E grade.CONCLUSION: Restoration of neurofunction of children with cervical SCIWORA has closely correlation with degree of primary injury of spinal cord. Most of the patients were not treated with operation, and those with obviously instable cervical vertebra can be treated with operation.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic effect of early use of alprostadil and the effects on PTX-3,renal function and stability of carotid plaque in patients with acute cerebral infarction. METHODS:93 patients with acute cerebral infarction in our hospital from Aug. 2011 to Aug. 2015 were selected,and divided into observation group(47 cases,2 case withdrew from the test and 45 cases completed the test)and control group(46 cases,1 case withdrew from the test and 45 cases completed the test) by odd and even number of registration order. Control group was given Citicoline sodium injection 0.5 g + Extract of ginkgo biloba leaves injection 20 ml added into Sodium chloride injection(NS)250 ml,ivgtt,qd;observation group was additionally given Al-prostadil injection 20 μg added to NS 250 ml,ivgtt,qd. They were treated for 2 weeks. Clinical efficacy,and the differences of PTX-3,blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine(SCr),24 h urinary protein(Upro),stability of carotid plaque before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group(91.1%)was higher than control group(73.3%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no statisti-cal significance in PTX-3,BUN,SCr,24 h Upro between 2 groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment,PTX-3,BUN, SCr,24 h Upro in 2 groups decreased,and observation group was lower than control group;stability of carotid plaque in observa-tion group(100.0%)was higher than control group(64.0%),the differences were no statistically significant(P<0.05). The ad-verse reactions in 2 groups relieved themselves with no special treatment,and with no statistical significant(P>0.05). CONCLU-SIONS:The early use of alprostadil is effective for acate cerebral in farction,and can obviously reduce PTX-3 and improve renal functions,increase stability of carotid plaque with good safety.