Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Endoglin ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Thy-1 Antigens ; metabolism ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism

In 2010,Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted collaboratively a 2010 China Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance,and reported the results of diabetes prevalence and control in Chinese adults,which was published in the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) in 2013.This article is the interpretation of that report by original authors.

Objective To explore the incidence and pathologic feature of patients with thyroid carcinoma treated at the First Hospital of Jilin University. Methods From January 2000 to July 2010,clinicopathologic data of 1018 patients with thyroid carcinoma treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University were retrospectively analyzed. Results The cases of thyroid carcinoma between 2008 and 2010 were more than 73% higher than that in the preceding 8 years. Cancer cases from January 2009 to July 2010 were more1018 cases reviewed, 976 cases were clearly classified pathologically. Papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were present in 897 (91.91%), 43(4. 41% ), 22(2. 25% ) and 6(0. 61% ) cases respectively. Of the 1018 cases reviewed,804 cases were recorded with or without lymphnode metastasis. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of male and female patient were 39. 24% and 28. 64% respectively and the difference was significant( χ2 = 6. 71 ,P ＜0. 05). The rate of lymphnode metastasis of age ＜45 years and age ≥45 years were 37.65% and 23. 26%respectively and the difference was significant ( χ2 = 19. 54, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions In the past ten and a half years, the number of the thyroid carcinoma patients treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University increased year by year. The increase of papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most obvious. Thyroid carcinoma was more common among females. The peak incidence age of males and females was 30 -59. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of males was larger than that of females. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of age ＜45years was larger than that of age≥45 years.

BACKGROUND:Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an important mitogen and an indispensable regulator during normal hair cell development. Extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) is also expressed in mammalian vestibular organs.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of the expression and the distribution of IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and ERK1/2 in guinea pig's vestibular epithelium following gentamycin injury.DESIGN: A randomly controlled study.SETTING: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Twenty healthy and adult guinea pigs, weighing 300 to 350 g, provided by the Experimental Animal Center,Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, were randomly divided into four experimental groups and a control group with 4 in each group.METHODS: The experiment was performed at Department of Otorhinolaryngology Research Laboratory of Xijing Hospital,Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 2002 to May 2002. In the experimental groups,gentamycin was intraperitoneally administered daily (80 mg/kg) for 10 consecutive days. For the control group, 1 mL of 0.9% sterile saline was administered in the same way. The guinea pigs, in which unsteady gait or nystagmus appeared,could be involved in the further experiments. Before being sacrificed, the animals' gait, nystagmus and the amount of food-intake were observed every day. The animals were anesthetized deeply with 50 mg/kg pentobarbital 1, 7, 14 or 21days after the last gentamycin administration and then decapitated. Bilateral otic vesicles were harvested and immersed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Then the specimens were decalcified in 10% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA),thereafter embedded in OCT gel and serially sectioned at a thickness of 10 μm in the cryostat. The behavioral changes of guinea pigs were observed. The morphological changes of vestibular epithelium were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The expression and distribution changes of IGF-1/1R and ERK1/2 were investigated immunohistochemically. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The behavioral, morphological, expression and distribution changes of IGF-1/1R and ERK1/2 of guinea pigs in each group.RESULTS: Twenty involved guinea pigs entered the stage of final analysis. ① All the guinea pigs' vestibular functions were impaired after gentamycin treatment, then partially restored without any pharmaceutical treatment. ②Morphological injury was obvious after gentamycin treatment, and improved 1 week later. ③The expression of IGF-1/1R was low in the control group, and in the 1-day group it increased significantly to its maximum. After that, its expression decreased gradually, but was still higher in the 21-day group than that in the control group. There were significant differences in the expression of IGF-1/1R among different groups (F =51.8,45.7,P ＜ 0.05). The expression changes of IGF-1 and its receptor were similar. ④The expression of ERK1/2 was low in the control group, and increased gradually after gentamycin toxicity. In the 7-day group, the immunoreactivity reached its maximum. Then the levels of ERK1/2 decreased gradually, but were still higher in the 21-day group than that in the control group. There were significant differences in the expression of ERK1/2 among different groups (F =103.7,106.4, P ＜ 0.01), but no significant differences existed in the expression between ERK1 and ERK2 among different groups (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of IGF-1/1R and ERK1/2 in vestibular epithelium increased after gentamycin treatment,and IGF-1 may play an important role as an endogenous mitogen through a paracrine or autocrine manner in the early stage of hair cell self-repair of guinea pigs. ERK1/2 may play an important role in signal transduction during vestibular hair cell self-repair after gentamycin toxicity in guinea pigs.

Two parental strains BY-14 and BY-6,with high leavening ability in lean and sweet dough respectively,were selected.Through spore production and separation,two haploids with opposition types were selected for cross-breeding.At last one hybridization strain was obtained,with good fermentation ability as BY-14 in lean dough and better than BY-6 by 25%in sweet dough.

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of retroperitoneal schwannoma.Methods Clinical data of 11 cases of primary retroperitoneal schwannomas were analyzed retrospectively from February 1990 to September 2014.There were 6 males and 5 females,with a median age of 46 years,and the median tumor size was 9.6 cm (4.5-12.3 cm).Seven cases were revealled due to physical examination,3 cases were revealled due to ipsilateral lower back pain or discomfort,and 1 case was revealled due to right lower extremity numbness.There were no clinical manifestations of hypertension or appearance shape change,and there were no abnormal findings in routine laboratory and endocrine examinations.Radiological examination showed a retroperitoneal mass.There were 3 cases in the left adrenal gland,1 case in the right adrenal gland,3 cases in the lower pole of left kidney and 4 cases in the lower pole of right kidney.Four patients were initially diagnosed as adrenal tumors,and 7 patients were diagnosed as kidney tumors.Results All the 11 cases underwent surgical resection,with 7 cases of complete resection,1 case of capsule resection,2 cases of partial resection and 1 case of biopsy.The pathology of immunohistochemical staining showed S-100 positive in 10 cases of benign retroperitoneal schwannomas.During the follow-up period for 1.5-24 years (median 14 years),no recurrence and malignance was observed.One case of malignant retroperitoneal schwannoma died of multiple metastases in 17 months after opreation.Conclusions Primary retroperitoneal schwannoma is rare and preoperative diagnosis is difficult.Clinical manifestations and radiological findings are usually nondiagnostic,and histopathology is the only way for final diagnosis.Complete surgical resection is proved to be the best choice.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of transurethral plasmakinetic enucleation of prostate(PKEP) in the treatment of patients with benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH) after transrectal prostate biopsy(TRPB).Methods A total of 88 BPH patients who underwent PKEP in our hospital during Jan.2012 to May 2015 were retrospectively analyzed and followedup.38 patients underwent TRPB before PKEP were defined as TRPB group,and 50 patients underwent PKEP with no TRPB were defined as control group.The baseline data,perioperative data and postoperative follow-up outcomes were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results The mean age of the 88 patients were 69.7 years.Compared with control group,TRPB group showed that age was younger(t=2.62,P＜ 0.05)and prostate specific antigen(PSA) level was higher(t=13.64,P＜0.01).Operation duration was longer in TRPB group than in control group (93.6 ± 31.0) min vs.(77.9 ± 17.3) min (t =2.6 4,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the preoperative data,blood loss,continuous bladder irrigation duration after operation and period of catheterization between two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Trans-operative time was significantly shortened when the time interval between TRPB and PKEP is more than 4 weeks(P＜ 0.01),while blood loss was similar in the two groups(P＞ 0.0 5).There were no adverse events of blood transfusion,transurethral resection syndrome and injury of bladder or rectal in both two groups.There were no significant differences in maximum flow rate(Qmax),international prostate symptom score(IPSS) or quality of life(QOL) scores between the two groups at 3,6 and 12 months of follow up(all P＞ 0.05).Conclusions PKEP after TRPB is a safe and effective treatment for BPH patient.When the time interval between TRPB and PKEP is more than 4 weeks,the performing of PKEP operation would reduce the difficulty of operative procedure and increase the safety.

Objective To investigate the current status of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection in the general surgery department of a tertiary first-class hospital, and understand the efficacy of comprehensive intervention measures.Methods Targeted monitoring on MDROs was implemented among patients who were hospitalized in a general surgery department for>48 hours between March 2015 and October 2016, comprehensive intervention measures were taken since January 2016.MDRO infection before and after intervention was compared.Results Between March 2015 and October 2016, a total of 6 406 hospitalized patients were monitored, 155(2.42%) developed MDRO infection.The most common infection sites were abdominal cavity(hydrops, bile) (n=76, 49.03%) and surgical site (n=43, 27.74%).MDRO infection rate dropped from 2.79% (99/3 549) before intervention (March-December, 2015) to 1.96% (56/2 857) after intervention (January-October, 2016) (x2=4.612, P=0.032).There was no difference in MDROs between before and after intervention, the major were both Escherichia coli.Conclusion Comprehensive intervention measures can reduce the incidence of MDRO infection in the general surgery department of this hospital.

Objective To present the distinction on clinical features,laboratory features,treatment schemes between the patients with and without brucellar epididymo-orchitis,and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis of 223 male patients with brucellosis in the First Hospital of Jilin University from June 2010 to November 2016 was carried out.A comparative analysis of the clinical and laboratory features of 22 patients with epididymo-orchitis and 201 cases without epididymo-orchitis was done.The SPSS 23.0 software was used to analyze the statistical results,P ＜ 0.05 was defined as statistically significant.Results Epididymo-orchitis occurred in 9.87％ (22/223) of all male patients with brucellosis.The median ages of patients with and without epididymo-orchitis were 35.5 and 42.0 years old,respectively,the difference was not statistically significant (Z =1.323,P ＞ 0.05).Cases with and without epididymo-orchitis of brucellosis with fever [90.9％ (20/22) vs 69.2％ (139/201)],chills [54.4％ (12/22) vs 28.9％ (58/201)],hepatomegaly [22.7％ (5/22) vs 3.5％ (7/201)],abdominal symptoms [59.1％ (13/22) vs 17.4％ (35/201)],and urinary tract infection symptoms [31.8％ (7/22) vs 3.5％ (7/201)],the differences were statistically significant (x2 =4.586,6.076,14.424,20.392,27.059,all P ＜ 0.05).The medians of white blood cell (WBC) count (7.9 × 109/L),erythrocyte sedimentation value (ESR,38.0 mm/h),and aspartate aminotransferase (AST,110.0 U/L) in brucellosis with epididymo-orchitis were higher than those without epididymo-orchitis (5.1 × 109/L, 30.0 mm/h,73.8 U/L),the differences were statistically significant (Z =2.239,2.064,2.762,all P ＜ 0.05).All brucellosis patients with epididymis-orchitis were treated with antibiotics for 8 weeks.The defervescence time was 4.5 days,the time of pain relief was 3.9 days,21 patients were cured,and only Ⅰ patient relapsed.Conclusions Epididymo-orchitis is a common complication of brucellosis.Brucellar epididymo-orchitis is usually characterized with a severe acute clinical presentation,which needs timely diagnosis.Combination of antibiotics treatment for 8 weeks in brucellosis patients with epididymis-orchitis is effective.

Objective To determine the effect of cheA gene of Helicobacter pylori in the bacterial chemotaxis in vitro and colonization in vivo. Methods The entire cheA and cheY genes were amplified and cloned from genomic DNA of H. pylori NCTC11637 strain. Subsequently, the prokaryotic expression systems of cheA and cheY genes were generated and the target recombinant proteins rCheA and rCheY were extracted by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Rabbits were immunized with either rCheA or rCheY for obtaining antisera, and rCheA-IgG and rCheY-IgG in the antisera were prepared using ammonium sulfate precipitation plus DEAE-52 column chromatography. A suicide plasmid of cheA gene was constructed and then a cheA gene knock-out mutant ( cheA - ) was generated based on homologous recombinant exchange using the suicide plasmid. The cheA- mutant was identified using PCR and sequencing. The phosphorylation levels of CheA and CheY molecules of cheA - and wild-type strain were determined by using rCheA-IgG and rCheY-IgG anchoring the target proteins and protein phosphorylation detection kit. The differences of chemotaxis in vitro and colonization in vivo between cheA- mutant and wild-type strain were compared using chemotactic model and BALB/c infection model of H. pylori. Results The cheA gene knock-out in genome of cheA- mutant was confirmed by the results of PCR and sequencing. After treated with 0. 001-0. 1 mol/L HCI for 10 min, the phosphorylation levels of CheA and CheY molecules of wild-type strain were rapidly descended from ( 59.6 ±11.5) μmol and (55.5 ± 10.2) μmol to ( 10.8 ± 2.6) and (5. 5 ± 1.2) μmol (P ＜ 0.05 ), while the phosphorylation of CheY molecule of cheA - mutant was no markedly changed with a persistent lower level ( P ＞0.05). The diameters [(10-20) ± (2-3) mm] of chemotactic aggregative rings of cheA- mutant were significantly less than those [(16-24) ± (2-3)mm] of wild-type strain (P ＜0.05). The positive isolation rate (90%) of H. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens of mice that infected with wild-type strain was remarkably higher than that (40%) of mice that infected with cheA- mutant (P ＜0.05). The result of fluorescence quantitative was also showed that the numbers (6.3 × 103 ±2.1 × 103 copies/mg) of H. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens of wild-type strain infected mice were significantly larger than those (8.3 × 101 ±3. 1 × 101 copies/mg) in gastric biopsy specimens ofcheA- mutant infected mice (P＜0.05). Conclusion The cheA gene of H. pylori has an important role in the bacterial chemotaxis in vitro and colonization in vivo.