[Objective]To understand the changes of children's blood lead levels and intelligence quotient (IQ) andthe effects of automobile exhaust on the prevelance rates of respiratory symptoms of children. [Methods] 151 pupilsof Y primary school in urban area were selected as exposure group, 160 pupils of Z primary school in Pudong districtwere selected as control group. The health questionaire survey and health examination were carried out amongpupils. The peripheral blood lead levels of the forth finger were determined. The IQ was determined by combinedRaven's Test. The data were statistically analzed by EPI Info and SAS statistic softwares. [Results] Significant differ-ences of blood lead levels were observed between exposure group and control group. The blood lead levels (x) negatively correlated with children's IQ (y) (y= 120. 11--0. 129x) . The prevelance rates of sore and uncomfortable feelings and foreign body sensation in throat and cough of exposure group were significantly higher than those in controlgroup. The ORs of corresponding symptoms were 1.71, 2, 64 and 2. 92 respectively. The multiple linear regressionanalysis showed that exposure to automobile exhaust and the distances from the residential region to street with heavytraffic were the main factors affecting the children's peripheral blood lead levels and the prevelance of respiratorysymptoms. [Conclusion] Further control of the emission of automobile exhaust and reasonable planning of location ofresidential areas were the main measures to control the prevelance of lead poisoning and its related diseases of children.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; analysis ; Humans ; Luminescence

After a description of the background and popularization of reading therapy, strategies, contents and models for the synergic innovation of reading therapy were elaborated with suggestions put forward for its implementation.

Objective To study the kidney histological categories of isolated hematuria in children.Methods Twenty-three children with isolated hematuria were performed renal biopsy under real time ultrasound guidance utilizing menghini style negative pressure biopsy device after local anesthesia or general anesthesia.The renopuncture tissue was directly sent by the mail-boxes to the remote pathologic service.All of the biopsies were examined by light microscopy,electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry.Results Biopsies were classified as measangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(MsPGN)(8 cases),minimal change nephropathy(MCN)(5 cases),IgA nephropathy(IgAN)(4 cases),thin basement membrane nephropathy(TMN)(3 cases),Alport′s syndrome(AS)(1 case),focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS)(1 case)and IgM nephropathy(IgMN)(1 case).Conclusions In this series,MsPGN,MGA,IgAN are the most common biopsy diagnosis.TMN and Alport′s are account for some proportion.A few IgMN and FSGS may also present as isolated hematuria.

The purpose of this research was to understand fecal micro-flora of Enterococcus-related diarrhea feces and the clone characteristics of isolated Enterococcus strains.Primer was designed according to 16S rRNA gene and integrated DNA extracted from patients' fecal samples was used as the template to amplify the conserved sequence of 16S rRNA by PCR.After the PCR product was purified and cloned into T vector to sequence,PFGE was used to analyze 20 out of 50 Enterococcus isolates from each specimen.The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis indicated that these 4 portions of diarrhea feces were dominated by Enterococcus faecium (>68%) and the isolates were clonal except only one portion.Although the basic flora characteristics of diarrhea feces could be revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis and PFGE analysis,the pathogenicity and mechanism of Enterococcus were still waiting for further experimental exploration.

Objective To investigate the initial effect of LARS artificial ligaments arthroscopically in reconstruction of ipsilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).Methods A total of 21 patients (13 males and 8 females,at average age of 31.5 years) received ACL and PCL restoration using LARS artificial ligaments since June 2006.Preoperative MRI exactly confirmed them as ACL and PCL ruptures.Lysholm score on knee joint was (47.6 ±6.7) points.Surgery had reconstruction of PCL prior to ACL under arthroscope.Results All patients were followed up for average 42 months (range,36-49 months),which showed no infection,ligament rupture,ligament loosening,or other postoperative complications.At postoperative 3 years,Lysholm score was (90.8 ± 3.7) points and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score was normal in 14 patients,near normal in six,and abnormal in one,with excellent-good rate of 95％.Conclusions LARS artificial ligaments can attain anatomical reconstruction and stability of the knee joint in treatment of ACL and PCL ruptures.Meanwhile,arthroscopic surgery shows superiorities of micro-wound,rapid recovery and satisfactory curative effect.

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of extramedullary fixation system,intramedullary fixation system and hip arthroplasty in treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.MethodsThe retrospective study involved 184 patients treated between January 2007 and January 2011,which were assigned to dynamic hip screw (DHS) group (n =99),locking plate group (n =19 ),intramedullary fixation group (n =25) and joint replacement group (n =41 ).There were 80 males and 104 females,at age range of 60-99 years,mean (72.4 ± 3.9) years.According to the modified Evan classification,the fractures included type Ⅰ A in 20 patients,type Ⅰ B in 21,type Ⅱ in 75 and type Ⅲ in 68.The preoperative conditions,postoperative weight-bearing time,fracture heating time,hip function and complications were comparatively studied among four groups.ResultsThe patients were followed up for 7-22 months (mean 12 months).The four groups showed no significant differences regarding the gender,age,fracture types and medical complications.The postoperative weight-bearing time of the joint replacement group was significantly shorter than that of the other three groups,with statistical significance.The fracture healing time was insignificantly different among the four groups.The postoperative complications were found in 24 patients (13％),including 11 patients in the DHS group,six in the locking plate group,five in the intramedullary fixation group and two in the joint replacement group.Harris score was the highest in the joint replacement group,with statistical significance in comparison with the other three groups. ConclusionsIntramedullary fixation should be the treatment of choice for the patients with unstable,or severe osteoporosis fractures and with intolerance of joint replacement.Artificial bipolar femoral head replacement is suitable for the elderly patients with unstable or severe osteoporosis fractures,capability of walk or tolerance of operation.

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences between computer aided identification and ultra-thin layer slicing in measuring the lesions of femoral head necrosis,and to confirm the accuracy and practicability of computer aided method.

METHODSFrom June 2012 to December 2013, the X-ray and MRI of 24 patients (24 hips on unilateral) were reviewed, who had avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFA) at late stage (stage III and IV) according to the ARCO international staging system. There were 15 males and 9 females, with an average age of (65.1 ± 8.8) years old, ranged 33 to 74 years old. Based on the software system with seeds point identification, the ragional adaptive search method with computer aid was used to calculate the volume of necrotic lesion in femoral on MRI. Then the pathological slices of those intraoperative femoral heads were made to measure the gross volume of necrotic lesion in femoral head,and the values were compared with the data in the computer.

RESULTSFor 24 hips, by the calculation of computer, the necrotic volume was (20.00 ± 3.04) cm (ranged, 18.72 to 21.29 cm³). Under the pathological section, the necrotic volume of the femoral head was (19.89 ± 3.17) cm³ (ranged, 18.55 to 21.23 cm³). In computer and pathology two kinds of measurement, the two entire femoral head volume had no significant difference using these two measurements (t = -1.227, P = 0.232).

CONCLUSIONComputer aided identification for necrotic area of femoral head adaptive can demonstrate the morphology of femoral head necrosis accurately and reliably, which will help surgeon better understand the morphology and orientation in femoral head.

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged

From an ethanol extract of Euphorbia micractina roots, seven steroids fifteen aromatic derivatives were isolated by a combination of various chromatographic techniques, including column chromatography over macroporous resin, silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis as stigamast-5-ene-3beta, 7alpha-diol(1), stigamast-5-ene-3beta,7beta-diol(2), stigmast-5-en-3beta-ol-7-one(3), stigmast-4-en-6beta-ol-3-one(4), stigmast-1, 4-dien-3-one(5), stigmast-3,6-dione(6), beta-sitosterol(7), scopoletin(8), aesculetin(9), 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxycoumarin(10), quercetin(11), 3,3', 4'-tri-O-methylellagic acid(12), p-hydroxyphenylethyl anisate(13), m-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol(14), (E)-cinnamic acid(15), (E)-ferulic acid(16), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(17), vanillic acid(18), p-hydroxybenzoic acid(19), ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (20), ethyl gallate(21), and methyl gallate(22). These compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Steroids ; chemistry

The technique introduced in this paper is applied in the endocardial catheter operation, which describes the 3D heart model reconstruction before the operation for the endocardial navigation. After a series of CT images of the thorax are processed, an accurate 3D endocardial model can be reconstructed. At first, the series of 2D CT images are preprocessed for denoising and the enhancement,then they are constructed as the volume data. After the region growing segmentation in the 3D volume data according to the grey value of the voxel in the heart cavity, the heart surface rendering is got and the 3D model of endocardial cavity is reconstructed.
Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods