Surgical base teaching is an important part of medical education.It is the important tache whether the medicos can become excellent doctors.The thesis analyses the young surgeon's problems in their working abilities in hospital,and discusses the strategies of how to improve the quality of surgical teaching,aiming to establish a solid foundation for the cultivation of the medicos.

This paper reports the sensitizing effect of Hematoporphyrin Derivative (HPD) to Radiotherapy (RT) and long survival rates of 28 patients were treated by HPD 5mg/kg iv+D T31Gy/10f/12d+Surgery with squamous cell carcinoma in head and neck. The result was compared with 33 patients who received routine preoperative radiotherapy D T40Gy/20f/26d without HPD.The total HPD group were 44.4%(13/28) of this patients failed to evidence of living tumour cell within surgical specimens. 59.09%(13/22) of patients with the tumour diameter of 4cm in HPD group. The control group was 9.1% only (P

Diffuse sclerosing variant papillary thyroid carcinoma,one of the variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma,nearly account for 0.7％ to 6.6％ of papillary thyroid carcinoma.It is an aggressive tumor that shows higher rates of recurrence,metastasis and persistent disease compares to classic papillary thyroid carcinoma,thus diffuse sclerosing variant papillary thyroid carcinoma needs stricter and more exhaustive operation.Since the incidence of diffuse sclerosing variant papillary thyroid carcinoma is low,many physicians lack of understanding of the disease,it's often missed diagnosis or misdiagnosed.Consequently.In order to let physicians understand more about diffuse sclerosing variant papillary thyroid carcinoma,this paper will elaborate the epidemiology,clinic and pathology features of it.

0.05). Conclusion The changes of serum protein electrophoresis results in the parturient women were mainly presented with the decreased in albumin and ? globin levels, increased percent of ? 1,? 2 and ? globins, increased percent of ? 2 and ? globins markedly related with increased ? and ? lipoprotein. Agarose gel electrophoresis as a screening method for component of serum proteins is valuable.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevailing strains of pathogens of hospital acquired infections in ICU and their drug-resistances in order to provide treatment basis for critical and severe patients in fighting against infection.METHODS A retrospective investigation analysis was made for all the isolated bacteria as well as their drug-resistance in our hospital from Jan 2000 to Dec 2005.RESULTS Totally 869 bacterial strains were isolated which included 666 strains of G-bacteria(74.3%),and 230 strains of G+bacteria(25.7%).The G-bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniase,Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,etc,which were isolated mainly from respiratory tract.The G+ bacteria consisted of Staphylococcus and Enterococcus.Staphylococcus were mainly isolated from respiratory tract and Enterococcus from urinary tract.Bacteria were highly resistant to commonly used antimicrobials and demonstrated multi-drug resistance.The isolated rate of G+bacteria and drug resistance of G-bacteria to the commonly used antibiotics was increasing yearly.CONCLUSIONS The pathogens are mainly isolated from respiratory tract and the most are G-strains and multi-drug-resistant.The selection and use of antibiotics should be based on the results of drug-sensitivity tests.

Objective To investigate the correlation between plasma pentraxin 3 (PTX3)and cardiovascular disease(CVD) in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients.Methods Plasma was obtained from 98 MHD patients before and after a session of HD and 50 age-matched healthy subjects.Plasma PTX3 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).Spearman correlation and linear regression were used to examine the correlation between plasma PTX3 level and other laboratory parameters.Binary Logistic regression was used to assess the correlation between plasma PTX3 level and CVD.Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the correlation among PTX3, high sensitive C-reactive protein(hsCRP) and CVD.Results Plasma PTX3 level was significantly higher in MHD patients compared to healthy controls [1.87 (1.34-2.50) μg/L vs 1.11(0.86-1.51) μg/L, P＜0.01], and increased after a single HD session[post-HD 2.18(1.80-3.14) μg/L vs pre-HD 1.87(1.34-2.50) μg/L, P＜0.01].Patients with CVD had higher concentrations of PTX3 than those without CVD[2.18 (1.48-2.74) μg/L vs 1.76 (1.25-2.26) μg/L, P＜0.05].High plasma PTX3 (＞1.87 μg/L) was positively and independently associated with CVD[OR=3.15, 95％CI(1.17-8.50), P＜0.05].ROC curve analysis showed the PTX3 was more closely correlated to CVD than hsCRP in MHD patients with hsCRP ＞3 mg/L, and the area under the curve of PTX3 and hsCRP was 0.655 ±0.083(P＜0.05) and 0.562±0.083(P＞0.05) respectively.Plasma PTX3 level was negatively correlated with body mass index (ρ=-0.248,P＜0.05), pre-albumin(ρ=-0.218, P＜0.05), total cholesterol(ρ=-0.265, P＜0.01), triglyceride (ρ=-0.246, P＜0.05), LDL-cholesterol (ρ=-0.254, P＜0.05), hemoglobin (ρ=-0.212, P＜0.05), and positively with erythropoietin dose per week(ρ=0.184, P＜0.01), cardiac troponin T (ρ=0.287,P＜0.01), carotid artery intima-media thickness (ρ=0.294, P＜0.05).Conclusions PTX3 level ismarkedly elevated in HD patients.HD procedure induces PTX3 elevation.Plasma PTX3 could be auseful marker of CVD risk factors in MHD patients.

Objective To investigate protective effects of schisandra lignans on doxorubicin-induced liver injury in rats. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal control, model control, vitamin C and schisandra lignans at small, middle, and high doses. The liver injury model was established by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin. Normal controls were intragastrically administrated with 0. 9%sodium chloride solution,while other groups were administrated with different medications,respectively. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in serum,nitric oxide (NO) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in liver tissue homogenate were measured. Histopathological changes in hepatic tissues were also observed. Results Serum IL-10 and tissue NO were obviously lower in the model control group than those in other groups,while those in all schisandra lignans treated groups were significantly improved (P<0. 05, P<0. 01). The AST level in schisandra lignans middle- and high dose groups was (372. 58±105. 80) and (327. 92±42. 80) U·g-1 ,respectively,significantly lower than (565. 07±22. 13) U·g-1 in the model control group (P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Histopathological analysis showed that degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes were remarkably alleviated in all schisandra lignans treated groups. Conclusion Schisandra lignans protect rats against doxorubicin-induced liver injury.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of testosterone undecanoate (TU) in the treatment of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) by meta-analysis.

METHODSWe searched Pubmed (until April 1, 2014), Embase (until March 28, 2014), Cochrane Library (until April 17, 2014), CBM (from January 1, 2001 to February 2, 2014), CNKI (from January 1, 2001 to February 2, 2014), Wanfang Database (from January 1, 2000 to February 2, 2014), and VIP Database (from January 1, 2000 to Febru ary 2, 2014) for randomized controlled trials of TU for the treatment of LOH. We evaluated the quality of the identified literature and performed meta-analysis on the included studies using the Rveman5. 2 software.

RESULTSTotally, 14 studies were included after screening, which involved 1 686 cases. Compared with the placebo and blank control groups, TU treatment significantly increased the levels of serum total testosterone (SMD = 6.22, 95% CI 3.99 to 8.45, P < 0.05) and serum free testosterone (SMD = 4.35, 95% CI 1.86 to 6. 85, P < 0.05) but decreased the contents of luteinizing hormone (WMD = -2.23, 95% CI -4.03 to -0.42, P < 0.05), sex hormone binding globulin (WMD = 2.00, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.63, P < 0.05). TU also remarkably reduced the scores of Partial Androgen Deficiency of the Aging Males (WMD = -9.49, 95% CI -12.96 to -6.03, P < 0.05) and Aging Males Symptoms rating scale (WMD = -2.76, 95% CI -4.85 to -0.66, P <0.05) but increased the hemoglobin level (SMD = 2.35, 95% CI 0.29 to 4.41, P < 0.05) and packed-cell volume (SMD = 4.35, 95% CI 1.36 to 7.33, P < 0.05). However, no significant changes were shown in aspertate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, prostate-specific antigen, or prostate volume after TU treatment (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTU could significantly increase the serum testosterone level and improve the clinical symptoms of LOH patients without inducing serious adverse reactions. However, due to the limited number and relatively low quality of the included studies, the above conclusion could be cautiously applied to clinical practice.

Androgens ; therapeutic use ; Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; blood ; drug therapy ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; pharmacology

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Duodenum ; surgery ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Placenta ; pathology ; Placenta Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Pregnancy