In order to study the influence of high temperature and high humidity on the vital signs after craniocerebral missile wound(CMW), CMW was produced in 32 cats according to the method of Carey. Then they were placed in a cabin with respective environmental temperature and humidity of 25℃ and 50%,35℃ and 85%,38℃ and 90% or 40℃ and 95%(as group A, B, C, D).The vital signs and mortality rate were recorded. There were little changes in group A, a slow elevation in group B, but obvious changes in groups C and D. There was no death in groups A and B in 8 hours. All cats in group C died in 5 hours, and also in 2 5 hours in group D. The results suggested that an environment of high temperature and high humidity was detrimental to survival of cats inflicted with CMW, and measures should be taken to alleviate these detimental effects in the treatment of CMW.

Mediastinal tissue is a very common predilection site for both benign and malignant diseases .It is not only lo-cated at many different origins within human body but the anatomical structure of mediastinal tissue is often very complicated . In addition to its location and structure , mediastinal tissue lacks a cavity channel , which communicates with outside environ-ment.The combination of all these factors cause extreme difficulty in terms of diagnosis .Because of the distinct treatments for different diagnosis results, the efficiency of treatment largely relies on the completion of diagnosis in a timely fashion , any delay often cause severe results.

BACKGROUND: The full three-dimensional finite element model can not only establish a realistic three-dimensionalmodel, but also can simulate the osteotomy on the model. Analysis of biomechanics guides the clinical operation.OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of ankylosing spondylitis kyphosis and provide an effective digital platform for further studies.METHODS: A 30-year-old male patient with ankylosing spondylitis kyphosis participated voluntarily in the current study. CTimages obtained from CT transverse scanning from C1 to the sacrococcyx were imported into Mimics 17.0 software toestablish a three-dimensional geometric model of the posterior spine. The geometric model was then imported into Studio Geomagic 2013 software. For the subsequent optimization of image processing, the posterior spine convex geometry wasestablished on the three-dimensional geometric model. We used Unigraphics NX 8.5 to establish the spinal kyphosis surfacemodel, then added modeling of calcification of the ligaments, partial resection of useless sacral bone, and finally, imported themodel into ANSYS 15.0 finite element analysis software, then added the ligaments and set the parameters of the material,generating a complete three-dimensional finite element model of ankylosing spondylitis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A three-dimensional finite element model of complete ankylosing spondylitis wassuccessfully established. Using the ten-node approach, we generated 398370 tetrahedral elements, and 668538 nodes.This will provide a reliable digital platform for the next step of biomechanical analysis.

ObjectiveTo investigate application of the anterior cervical pedicle screw in the lower cervical spine.MethodsTwenty disarticulated human vertebrae(C3-C7) were evaluated with computed tomography for pedicle morphometry Parameters included vertebral body height,vertebral body depth,vertebral body width,outer pedicle width,outer pedicle height,pedicle axis length,transverse section angle,sagittal section angle,transverse intersection point distance and sagittal intersection point distance.On the basis of these data,the screw channel was determined and the screws were inserted in the specimen.Five patients underwent surgical reconstruction using anterior pedicle screw fixation.After surgery,physical examination and roentgenograms and CT scans were performed in all patients.ResultsThe transverse section angle increased from C3(45.7°±4.0°) to C5(52.1°±5.9° ),but decreased from C6(47.8°±6.7°) to C7(44.4°± 8.3°).The sagittal section angle gradually increased from C3 (93.4°±7.2°) to C6( 112.1°±6.2°) but decreased a little to C7(102.7°±8.5°).The distances in transverse section was about 1.97-3.98 mm and in sagittal section was 3.4-7.5 mm.Anterior pedicle screws were inserted successfully in all specimens without critical pedicle wall perforations.Patients were permitted to ambulate the next day after surgery with a cervical collar.Postoperative neurological improvement was observed in all cases.Postoperative radiographic evaluation confirmed proper insertion of anterior pedicle screws without pedicle perforaton.The average follow-up time was 10.6 months.No anterior pedicle screw breakage and loosening was observed.ConclusionThe entry point in anterior pedicle screw should located in 5mm to upper endplate and near anterior median line.The transverse section angle should be 45.7°-52.1°and the sagittal section angle should be 93.4°-112.1°.The lengths of the screw should be about 32 mm.

BACKGROUND:It is reported that the cellsurface antigen may be damaged by the trypsin enzyme in some extent and the cellactivity may also be influenced, as a result of which, the subsequent separation and fol ow-up-test wil be affected. Accutase enzymes possess the activities of protease and col agen enzyme and need no special termination or cleaning at the end of digestion. Another special function of accutase enzyme is to protect cellsurface antigen and thus it has been widely applied in the stem celldigestion and culture.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the digestive effect of accutase enzymes and trypsin enzyme in the separation and original culture of spermatogonial stem cells.
METHODS:The testes of 5-7 days male Kunming mice (n=45) were col ected and primarily digested with col agenas. The suspension of digested tissue was divided into three parts with the same volume named accutases enzyme group, trypsin enzyme group and mixed enzyme group (trypsin enzyme and hyaluronidase). For the comparison of testis digestive status and the time required for the formation of single cells, the micrographs were taken at 1, 3 and 5 minutes respectively after enzyme digestion. The total number and the mortality of the single cells were estimated and compared. The leydig cells and sertoli cells were removed by differential adherent method and the remained spermatogenic cells were then treated with CD90.2 immune magnetic beads. The selected spermatogonial stem cells were subsequently labeled by glial cellline-derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha-1 and sorted with flow cytometry. The number of spermatogonial stem cells positive for glial cellline-derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha-1 in CD90.2+and CD90.2-cells was compared within different groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The digestive capacities of different enzyme were different. Accutases enzyme obtained the single cellsuspension more quickly than trypsin enzyme and mixed enzyme, and had the least cellmasses and broken cellmembrane than the other two groups. After the differential attached treatment, the highest total number of CD90+spermatogonial stem cells and lowest cellmortality could be found in the accutases group, when compared with the other groups. The results of cellsorting by flow cytometry showed a higher rate (72.24%) of GFRα1+/CD90+cells in the accutases group than the trypsin group (51.16%) and mixed enzyme group (71.27%). The GFRα1+/CD90-number in the accutases group was lower (15.03%) than that of the trypsin group (18.8%) and mixed enzyme group (24.23%), respectively. The results indicate a better effect of accutases enzyme on the primary separation of spermatogonial stem cells than that of trypsin or mixed enzyme.

After the development of different medical social media in China was summarized , the advantages and trend of social media in medical field of China were analyzed , the challenges facing medical social media were pointed out and their countermeasures were proposed .

Objective The major barrier to transumbilical endoscopic surgery is from external interference between the instruments handles around the umbilicus. We describe the technique of totally transumbilical endoscopic cholecystectomy by using improved instruments. Methods 54 cases of transumbilical laparoscopic cholecystectomy were performed with improved instruments in patients with gallbladder polyps (13 cases) and gallstones (41 cases). The new trocars without the proximal seal system on the sleeves were designed for this procedure. The instruments used in this study were 5 cm longer than commercially available ones. Results All the gallbladders were removed successfully without severe intraoperative bleeding during and postoperative complications. Mean operating time was 25-56 min (average 34±28 min). All the patients were satisfied with the abdominal cosmetic results, discharged 48 h after the operations, and returned to work within seven postoperative days.Conclusions The external interference between trocars and instruments can be partially avoided by using the improved instruments. Totally transumbilical laparoscopic cholecystectomy becomes feasible by this technique.

Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics and proliferation ability of diabetes mellitus-derived adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) by comparing with normal-derived ADSCs.Methods The ADSCs could be achieved from diabetes mellitus' adipose tissue by the similar method of normal ADSCs isolation and culture,and then the differnce was compared between the two groups about their morphologies under microscope,and the proliferation ability of two groups was determined by CCK-8.Results ADSCs in patients with diabetes were obvious hypertrophy and irregular in morphology.A values of ADSCs in diabetes and non-diabetes were 0.210+0.002 and 0.390+0.006 in 1st day;0.250+0.015 and 0.443+0.023 in 2nd day;0.368+0.014 and 0.726+0.033 in 3rd day;0.368+0.014 and 0.726+0.033 in 4th day;1.767+0.072 and 3.153+0.067 in 5th day and 1.810+0.072and 3.170+0.021 in 6th day,respectively.The difference was statstically significant at the beginning from 4th day (P＜0.05).Conclusions There is obvious difference of the microscopic morphology between the diabetes mellitus-derived ADSCs and normal-derived ADSCs.The proliferation ability of the diabetes mellitus-derived ADSCs is lower than normal-derived ADSCs.These difference could be closely related to ulcerous non-healing wounds in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To study the wound healing effects of the extracts of Shengji Huayu Fang with different solvents and demon-strate their important role in wound healing for deep second degree burn wound. Methods:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly di-vidied into six groups(ten rats in each group): the control group (saline), the positive control group (asiaticoside group), Shengji Huayu Fang group respectively with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol as the extraction solvent. The extracts of Shengji Huayu Fang with different solvents were applied in the rats with deep second degree burn wound, and the wound healing was e-valuated by the healing rate judged by naked eyes and computer image analysis, DNA cell cycle analysis using a flow cytometry, patho-logical reports and the degree of re-epithelialization studied by the other methods. Results:The mean healing time of the chloroform ex-tracts group [(15. 67 ± 1. 12)d] was much shorter than that of the control group [(22. 87 ± 1. 01)d, P<0. 01]. The hydroxyproline content and the percentage of S-phase cells in wound tissue in the chloroform extracts group was obviously higher than those in the con-trol group (P<0. 01). Conclusion:The present study indicates that topical application of chloroform extracts of Shengji Huayu Fang is beneficial to burn wound healing, and the chloroform extracts of Shengji Huayu Fang is the main bioactive fraction.

Objective To study the mechanism of changes in blood gas and hemodynamics in aged rats with pneumonia. Methods Forty aged male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups and the control group. They were contrasted by 40 non-aged male SD rats. Hemodynamic parameters and blood gas were measured, and morphological changes of heart and lung were observed. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) was examined by immunohistochemical method. Results PaO 2 and SaO 2 were lower in rats with pneumonia than those in the control rats(P